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作者：Dibari, Leonardo; Bisardi, Matteo; Cotogno, Sabrina; Weigt, Martin; Zamponi, Francesco
作者单位：Polytechnic University of Turin; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Sapienza University Rome
摘要：We introduce a data-driven epistatic model of protein evolution, capable of generating evolutionary trajectories spanning very different time scales reaching from individual mutations to diverged homologs. Our in silico evolution encompasses random nucleotide mutations, insertions and deletions, and models selection using a fitness landscape, which is inferred via a generative probabilistic model for protein families. We show that the proposed framework accurately reproduces the sequence stati...
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作者：Garbowski, Magda; Laughlin, Daniel C.; Blumenthal, Dana M.; Sofaer, Helen R.; Barnett, David T.; Beaury, Evelyn M.; Buonaiuto, Daniel M.; Corbin, Jeffrey D.; Dukes, Jeffrey S.; Early, Regan; Nebhut, Andrea N.; Petri, Lais; Vila, Montserrat; Pearse, Ian S.
作者单位：University of Wyoming; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; Princeton University; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; Union College; Carnegie Institution for Science; Stanford University; Stanford University; University of Exeter; Michigan State University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Estacion Biologica de Donana (EBD); University of Sevilla; United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey
摘要：Despite decades of research documenting the consequences of naturalized and invasive plant species on ecosystem functions, our understanding of the functional underpinnings of these changes remains rudimentary.This is partially due to ineffective scaling of trait differences between native and naturalized species to whole plant communities. Working with data from over 75,000 plots and over 5,500 species from across the United States, we show that changes in the functional composition of commun...
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作者：Qu, Zhen; Jacob, Daniel J.; Bloom, A. Anthony; Worden, John R.; Parker, Robert J.; Boesch, Hartmut
作者单位：North Carolina State University; Harvard University; California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); University of Leicester; University of Leicester; University of Bremen
摘要：Atmospheric methane concentrations rose rapidly over the past decade and surged in 2020-2022 but the causes have been unclear. We find from inverse analysis of GOSAT satellite observations that emissions from the wet tropics drove the 2010-2019 increase and the subsequent 2020-2022 surge, while emissions from northern mid- latitudes decreased. The 2020-2022 surge is principally contributed by emissions in Equatorial Asia (43%) and Africa (30%). Wetlands are the major drivers of the 2020-2022 e...
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作者：Wang, Faming; Wang, Lijuan; Lei, Tze- Huan
作者单位：Xi'an University of Science & Technology; Xi'an Polytechnic University
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作者：Grunwald, Peter D.
作者单位：Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC
摘要：A standard practice in statistical hypothesis testing is to mention the P-value alongside the accept/reject decision. We show the advantages of mentioning an e-value instead. With P-values, it is not clear how to use an extreme observation (e.g. P << a ) for getting better frequentist decisions. With e-values it is straightforward, since they provide Type-I risk control in a generalized Neyman-Pearson setting with the decision task (a general loss function) determined post hoc, after observati...
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作者：Koduru, Tejaswi; Hantman, Noam; Peters, Edgar V.; Jaworek, Michel W.; Wang, Jinqiu; Zhang, Siwen; McCallum, Scott A.; Gillilan, Richard E.; Fossat, Martin J.; Roumestand, Christian; Sagar, Amin; Winter, Roland; Bernado, Pau; Cherfils, Jacqueline; Royer, Catherine A.
作者单位：Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Dortmund University of Technology; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Cornell University; Max Planck Society; Universite de Montpellier; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Saclay; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：The adenosine di- phosphate (ADP) ribosylation factor (Arf) small guanosine tri- phosphate (GTP)ases function as molecular switches to activate signaling cascades that control membrane organization in eukaryotic cells. In Arf1, the GDP/GTP switch does not occur spontaneously but requires guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and membranes. Exchange involves massive conformational changes, including disruption of the core (3- sheet. The mechanisms by which this energetically costly switch ...
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作者：Rodriguez, Peter; Kalia, Vrinda; Fenollar-Ferrer, Cristina; Gibson, Chelsea L.; Gichi, Zayna; Rajoo, Andre; Matier, Carson D.; Pezacki, Aidan T.; Xiao, Tong; Carvelli, Lucia; Chang, Christopher J.; Miller, Gary W.; V. Khamoui, Andy; Boerner, Jana; Blakely, Randy D.
作者单位：Columbia University; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Deafness & Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD); State University System of Florida; Florida Atlantic University; Oak Ridge Associated Universities; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge Institute for Science & Education; State University System of Florida; Florida Atlantic University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Princeton University; State University System of Florida; Florida Atlantic University
摘要：Cuprous copper [Cu(I)] is an essential cofactor for enzymes that support many fundamental cellular functions including mitochondrial respiration and suppression of oxidative stress. Neurons are particularly reliant on mitochondrial production of ATP, with many neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, associated with diminished mitochondrial function. The gene MBLAC1 encodes a ribonuclease that to reduce Cu(II) to Cu(I), and when mutated disrupt ATP production, elevates oxidat...
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作者：Borjas, George J.; VerBruggen, Robert
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The racial gap in infant mortality is a pressing public-health concern, and [B. N. Greenwood et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 117, 21194-21200 (2020), 10.1073/pnas.1913405117] suggest that Black newborns are more likely to survive if cared for by Black physicians after birth, even in models that control for numerous variables, including hospital and physician fixed effects, and the 65 most common comorbidities affecting newborns (as described by International Classification of Disease cod...
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作者：Claramunt, Santiago; Braun, Edward L.; Cracraft, Joel; Fjeldsa, Jon; Ho, Simon Y. W.; Houde, Peter; Nguyen, Jacqueline M. T.; Stiller, Josefin
作者单位：University of Toronto; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; American Museum of Natural History (AMNH); University of Copenhagen; University of Sydney; New Mexico State University; Flinders University South Australia; Australian Museum; University of Copenhagen
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作者：Gao, Luna; Ardiel, Evan; Nurrish, Stephen; Kaplan, Joshua M.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
