2024

最新文章

• Total population reports are ill- suited for global biomass estimation of wild animals AI翻译
  作者：Santini, Luca; Berzaghi, Fabio; Benitez-Lopez, Ana
  作者单位：Sapienza University Rome; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN)
• DIDO is necessary for the adipogenesis that promotes diet-induced obesity AI翻译
  作者：Garcia-Lopez, Maria angeles; Mora, Alfonso; Corrales, Patricia; Pons, Tirso; de Diego, Ainhoa Sanchez; Gutierrez, Amaia Talavera; van Wely, Karel H. M.; Medina-Gomez, Gema; Sabio, Guadalupe; Martinez-A, Carlos; Fischer, Thierry
  作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB); Autonomous University of Madrid; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC); Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
  摘要：The prevalence of overweight and obesity continues to rise in the population worldwide. Because it is an important predisposing factor for cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and COVID- 19, obesity reduces life expectancy. Adipose tissue (AT), the main fat storage organ with endocrine capacity, plays fundamental roles in systemic metabo-lism and obesity- related diseases. Dysfunctional AT can induce excess or reduced body fat (lipodystrophy). Dido1 is a marker gene for stemness...
• A discussion on the use of race in biomedical fields AI翻译
  作者：Hammonds, Evelynn M.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University
• Structural basis of σ54 displacement and promoter escape in bacterial transcription AI翻译
  作者：Gao, Forson; Ye, Fuzhou; Zhang, Bowen; Cronin, Nora; Buck, Martin; Zhang, Xiaodong
  作者单位：Imperial College London; Francis Crick Institute; Imperial College London; Francis Crick Institute
  摘要：Gene transcription is a fundamental cellular process carried out by RNA polymerase (RNAP). Transcription initiation is highly regulated, and in bacteria, transcription initiation is mediated by sigma (sigma) factors. sigma recruits RNAP to the promoter DNA region, located upstream of the transcription start site (TSS) and facilitates open complex formation, where double-stranded DNA is opened up into a transcription bubble and template strand DNA is positioned inside RNAP for initial RNA synth...
• Constraining the oxygen requirements for modern microbial eukaryote diversity AI翻译
  作者：Mills, Daniel B.; Simister, Rachel L.; Sehein, Taylor R.; Hallam, Steven J.; Sperling, Erik A.; Crowe, Sean A.
  作者单位：University of Munich; Stanford University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of British Columbia; Smith College; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia
  摘要：Eukaryotes originated prior to the establishment of modern marine oxygen (O2) levels. According to the body fossil and lipid biomarker records, modern (crown) microbial eukaryote lineages began diversifying in the ocean no later than -800 Ma. While it has long been predicted that increasing atmospheric O2 levels facilitated the early diversification of microbial eukaryotes, the O2 levels needed to permit this diversifi-cation remain unconstrained. Using time- resolved geochemical parameter and...
• Cold granular targets slow the bulk freezing of an impacting droplet AI翻译
  作者：Zhao, Song-Chuan; Zhang, Hao-Jie; Li, Yudong
  作者单位：Xi'an Jiaotong University
  摘要：When making contact with an undercooled target, a drop freezes. The colder the target is, the more rapid the freezing is supposed to be. In this research, we explore the impact of droplets on cold granular material. As the undercooling degree increases, the bulk freezing of the droplet is delayed by at least an order of magnitude. The postponement of the overall solidification is accompanied by substantial changes in dynamics, including the spreading-retraction process, satellite drop generati...
• Cold- blooded vertebrate utilizes behavioral fever to alleviate T cell apoptosis and optimize antimicrobial immunity AI翻译
  作者：Gao, Haiyou; Wei, Xiumei; Li, Kang; Cao, Yi; Rao, Wenzhuo; Zhang, Jiansong; Wang, Ding; Yang, Jialong
  作者单位：East China Normal University
  摘要：Fever confers significant survival benefits on endotherms by optimizing both innate and adaptive immunity. Ectotherms achieve thermoregulation using behavioral strategies, but existing evidence supports its enhancement effect on innate immunity only. Therefore, it remains unknown whether the coordination between fever and adaptive immunity was independently acquired by endotherms or instead represents a gradually evolved function common to vertebrates. In the present study, we reported that Ni...
• Global adherence to a healthy and sustainable diet and potential reduction in premature death AI翻译
  作者：Gu, Xiao; Bui, Linh P.; Wang, Fenglei; Wang, Dong D.; Springmann, Marco; Willett, Walter C.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; University of Oxford; University of London; University College London; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
  摘要：The Planetary Health Diet (PHD), also known as the EAT- Lancet reference diet, was developed to optimize global dietary quality while keeping the environmental impacts of food production within sustainable planetary boundaries. We calculated current national and global adherence to the PHD using the Planetary Health Dietary Index (PHDI). In addition, we used data on diet and mortality from three large US cohorts (n = 206,404 men and women, 54,536 deaths) to estimate the total and cause- specif...
• KATP channel-dependent electrical signaling links capillary pericytes to arterioles during neurovascular coupling AI翻译
  作者：Isaacs, Dominic; Xiang, Liuruimin; Hariharan, Ashwini; Longden, Thomas A.
  作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore
  摘要：The brain has evolved mechanisms to dynamically modify blood flow, enabling the timely delivery of energy substrates in response to local metabolic demands. Several such neurovascular coupling (NYC) mechanisms have been identified, but the vascular signal transduction and transmission mechanisms that enable dilation of penetrating arterioles (PAs) remote from sites of increased neuronal activity are unclear. Given the exponential relationship between vessel diameter and blood flow, tight contr...
• Distinguishing deception from its confounds by improving the validity of fMRI- based neural prediction AI翻译
  作者：Lee, Sangil; Niu, Runxuan; Zhu, Lusha; Kayser, Andrew S.; Hsu, Ming
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Peking University; Peking University; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
  摘要：Deception is a universal human behavior. Yet longstanding skepticism about the validity of measures used to characterize the biological mechanisms underlying deceptive behavior has relegated such studies to the scientific periphery. Here, we address these fundamental questions by applying machine learning methods and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to signaling games capturing motivated deception in human participants. First, we develop an approach to test for the presence of conf...