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作者：Bera, Manindra; Radhakrishnan, Abhijith; Coleman, Jeff; Venkat, R.; Sundaram, K.; Ramakrishnan, Sathish; Pincet, Frederic; Rothman, James E.
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作者：Kefi, Sonia; Genin, Alexandre; Garcia-Mayor, Angeles; Guirado, Emilio; Cabral, Juliano S.; Berdugo, Miguel; Guerber, Josquin; Sole, Ricard; Maestre, Fernando T.
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite de Montpellier; The Santa Fe Institute; University of Wurzburg; Utrecht University; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Complutense University of Madrid; Universitat d'Alacant; University of Birmingham; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Sorbonne Universite; Pompeu Fabra University; ICREA; Pompeu Fabra University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC-UPF - Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (IBE); Universitat d'Alacant
摘要：Self- organized spatial patterns are a common feature of complex systems, ranging from microbial communities to mussel beds and drylands. While the theoretical implications of these patterns for ecosystem - level processes, such as functioning and resilience, have been extensively studied, empirical evidence remains scarce. To address this gap, we analyzed global drylands along an aridity gradient using remote sensing, field data, and modeling. We found that the spatial structure of the vegeta...
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作者：Ozbay, Yagmur; Stamkou, Eftychia; Oosterwijk, Suzanne
作者单位：University of Amsterdam
摘要：Experiencing negative content through art has a unique power to transform our percepdence is scarce, since experimental testing of art experiences poses significant challenges. Here, we aimed to fill this gap by quantifying and comparing individuals' preference for engaging with art and nonart depicting matched negative content via two behavioral measures: the choice to engage vs. avoid and the duration of engagement. Across five studies (total N = 1,063), results revealed a preference for eng...
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作者：Goldstein, Stephen A.; Elde, Nels C.
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
摘要：Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) encoded by viruses are putatively acquired by horizontal transfer of cellular PDE ancestor genes. Viral PDEs inhibit the OAS-RNase L antiviral pathway, a key effector component of the innate immune response. Although the function of these proteins is well- characterized, the origins of these gene acquisitions are less clear. Phylogenetic analysis revealed at least five independent PDE acquisition events by ancestral viruses. We found evidence that PDE- encoding genes ...
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作者：Sutter, Pearl A.; Willis, Cory M.; Menoret, Antoine; Nicaise, Alexandra M.; Sacino, Anthony; Sikkema, Arend. H.; Jellison, Evan R.; Win, Kyaw K.; Han, David K.; Church, William; Baron, Wia; Vella, Anthony T.; Crocker, Stephen J.
作者单位：University of Connecticut; University of Connecticut; University of Groningen; University of Connecticut; Trinity College; Trinity College
摘要：Astrocyte activation is associated with neuropathology and the production of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1). TIMP1 is a pleiotropic extracellular protein that functions both as a protease inhibitor and as a growth factor. Astrocytes that lack expression of Timp1 do not support rat oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (rOPC) differentiation, and adult global Timp1 knockout (Timp1KO) mice do not efficiently remyelinate following a demyelinating injury. Here, we performed an unbiased ...
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作者：Greenspoon, Lior; Rosenberg, Yuval; Meiri, Shai; Roll, Uri; Noor, Elad; Milo, Ron
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv University; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
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作者：Lu, Jing; Liu, Xue; Li, Xinghua; Li, Hongyan; Shi, Liwa; Xia, Xin; He, Bai-liang; Meyer, Thomas F.; Li, Xiaofeng; Sun, Hongzhe; Yang, Xinming
作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; Sun Yat Sen University; University of Hong Kong; Sun Yat Sen University; Sun Yat Sen University; University of Hong Kong; Max Planck Society; University of Kiel; Schleswig Holstein University Hospital
摘要：Copper is an essential trace element for the human body, and its requirement for optimistic immune functions has been recognized for decades. How copper is involved in the innate immune pathway, however, remains to be clarified. Here, we report that copper serves as a signal molecule to regulate the kinase activity of alpha-kinase 1 (ALPK1), a cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor (PRR), and therefore promotes host cell defense against bacterial infection. We show that in response to infectio...
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作者：Sun, Yang; Mendelev, Mikhail I.; Zhang, Feng; Liu, Xun; Da, Bo; Wang, Cai-Zhuang; Wentzcovitch, Renata M.; Ho, Kai-Ming
作者单位：Xiamen University; Columbia University; Iowa State University; National Institute for Materials Science; Columbia University; Columbia University; Columbia University; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute
摘要：Ni is the second most abundant element in the Earth's core. Yet, its effects on the inner core's structure and formation process are usually disregarded because of its electronic and size similarity with Fe. Using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, we find that the bcc phase can spontaneously crystallize in liquid Ni at temperatures above Fe's melting point at inner core pressures. The melting temperature of Ni is shown to be 700 to 800 K higher than that of Fe at 323 to 360 GPa. hcp, b...
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作者：Kompotis, Konstantinos; Mang, Geraldine M.; Hubbard, Jeffrey; Jimenez, Sonia; Emmenegger, Yann; Polysopoulos, Christos; Hor, Charlotte N.; Wigger, Leonore; Hebert, Sebastien S.; Mongrain, Valerie; Franken, Paul
作者单位：University of Lausanne; University of Zurich; Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+); University of Zurich; University of Lausanne; Laval University; Laval University Hospital; Laval University; Universite de Montreal; Universite de Montreal; Universite de Montreal
摘要：MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that have been implicated in a plethora of neuronal processes. Nevertheless, their role in regulating brain activity in the context of sleep has so far received little attention. To test their involvement, we deleted mature miRNAs in post-mitotic neurons at two developmental ages, i.e., in early adulthood using conditional Dicer knockout (cKO) mice and in adult mice using an inducible conditional Dicer cKO (icKO) lin...
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作者：Sarsam, Reta D.; Xu, Jun; Lahiri, Indrajit; Gong, Wenzhi; Li, Qingrong; Oh, Juntaek; Zhou, Zhen; Hou, Peini; Chong, Jenny; Hao, Nan; Lic, Shisheng; Wang, Dong; Leschziner, Andres E.
作者单位：Charles River Laboratories; Zhejiang University; University of Sheffield; Kyung Hee University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Transcription- coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC- NER) is a highly conserved DNA repair pathway that removes bulky lesions in the transcribed genome. Cockayne syndrome B protein (CSB), or its yeast ortholog Rad26, has been known for dec-ades to play important roles in the lesion- recognition steps of TC- NER. Another conserved protein ELOF1, or its yeast ortholog Elf1, was recently identified as a core transcription- coupled repair factor. How Rad26 distinguishes between RNA polymerase II...
