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作者：Yu, Yue; Shishidou, Tatsuya; Sumita, Shuntaro; Weinert, Michael; Agterberg, Daniel F.
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Milwaukee; University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo; RIKEN
摘要：The Stoner instability remains a cornerstone for understanding metallic ferromagnets. This instability captures the interplay of Coulomb repulsion, Pauli exclusion, and twofold fermionic spin degeneracy. In materials with spin-orbit coupling, this fermionic spin is generalized to a twofold degenerate pseudospin which is typically believed to have symmetry properties as spin. Here, we identify a distinct symmetry of this pseudospin that forbids it to couple to a Zeeman field. This spinless prop...
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作者：Fluke, Kristin A.; Dai, Nan; Wolf, Eric J.; Fuchs, Ryan T.; Ho, P. Shing; Talbott, Victoria; Elkins, Liam; Tsai, Yueh - Lin; Schiltz, Jackson; Febvre, Hallie P.; Czarny, Ryan; Robb, G. Brett; Correa Jr, Ivan R.; Santangelo, Thomas J.
作者单位：Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; New England Biolabs
摘要：Ribosome structure and activity are challenged at high temperatures, often demanding modifications to ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) to retain translation fidelity. LC- MS/MS, bisulfite- sequencing, and high- resolution cryo-EM structures of the archaeal ribosome identified an RNA modification, N 4, N 4- dimethylcytidine (m42C), at the universally conserved C918 in the 16S rRNA helix 31 loop. Here, we characterize and structurally resolve a class of RNA methyltransferase that generates m42C whose func...
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作者：Hoellring, Kevin; Nuic, Lovro; Rogic, Luka; Kaliman, Sara; Gehrer, Simone; Wollnik, Carina; Rehfeldt, Florian; Hubert, Maxime; Smith, Ana-Suncana
作者单位：University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Rudjer Boskovic Institute; University of Gottingen; University of Bayreuth
摘要：Despite the primary role of cell proliferation in tissue development and homeostatic maintenance, the interplay between cell density, cell mechanoresponse, and cell growth and division is not yet understood. In this article, we address this issue by reporting on an experimental investigation of cell proliferation on all time- and length-scales of the development of a model tissue, grown on collagen-coated glass or deformable substrates. Through extensive data analysis, we demonstrate the relat...
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作者：Inoue, Minoru; Takayama, Kazuo; Hashimoto, Rina; Enomoto, Masahiro; Date, Naoki; Ohsumi, Akihiro; Mizowaki, Takashi
作者单位：Kyoto University; Kyoto University; Shizuoka Cancer Center; University of Toronto; University Health Network Toronto; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Kyoto University
摘要：Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), essential for controlling infections, can induce various pathologies when dysregulated. Known triggers for infection- independent NETs release exist, yet a comprehensive understanding of the conditions prompting such responses is lacking. In this study, we identify hyponatremia as an independent inducer of NETs release, a common clinical condition that disrupts sodium/calcium exchange within neutrophils. This disruption leads to an excess of intracellular...
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作者：Jach, Hayley K.; Cools, Roshan; Frisvold, Alex; Grubb, Michael A.; Hartley, Catherine A.; Hartmann, Jochen; Hunter, Laura; Jia, Ruonan; de Lange, Floris P.; Larisch, Ruby; Hill, Rosa Lavelle-; Levy, Ifat; Li, Yutong; van Lieshout, Lieke L. F.; Nussenbaum, Kate; Ravaioli, Silvio; Wang, Siyu; Wilson, Robert; Woodford, Michael; Murayama, Kou; Gottlieb, Jacqueline
作者单位：Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; University of Melbourne; Radboud University Nijmegen; Radboud University Nijmegen; University of Arizona; Trinity College; New York University; Columbia University; Yale University; Yale University; University of Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen; Yale University; Yale University; Yale University; Princeton University; Columbia University; Cornerstone Research
摘要：To understand human learning and progress, it is crucial to understand curiosity. But how consistent is curiosity's conception and assessment across scientific research disciplines? We present the results of a large collaborative project assessing the correspondence between curiosity measures in personality psychology and cognitive science. A total of 820 participants completed 15 personality trait measures and 9 cognitive tasks that tested multiple aspects of information demand. We show that ...
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作者：Buizert, Christo; Sowers, Todd A.; Niezgoda, Kyle; Blunier, Thomas; Gkinis, Vasileios; Harlan, Margaret; He, Chengfei; Jones, Tyler R.; Kjaer, Helle A.; Liisberg, Jesper B.; Menking, James A.; Morris, Valerie; Noone, David; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Sime, Louise C.; Steffensen, Jurgen P.; Svensson, Anders; Vaughng, Bruce H.; Vinther, Bo M.; White, James W. C.
作者单位：Oregon State University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Rice University; University of Copenhagen; Niels Bohr Institute; University of Tasmania; University of Miami; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); CSIRO Environment; University of Tasmania; University of Auckland; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); NERC British Antarctic Survey; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：Pleistocene Ice Ages display abrupt Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) climate oscillations that provide prime examples of Earth System tipping points-abrupt transition that may result in irreversible change. Greenland ice cores provide key records of DO climate variability, but gas- calibrated estimates of the temperature change magnitudes have been limited to central and northwest Greenland. Here, we present ice- core delta 15 N-N records from south (Dye 3) and coastal east Greenland (Renland) to calib...
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作者：Dececchi, T. Alexander; Kim, Kyung Soo; Lockley, Martin G.; Larsson, Hans C. E.; Holtz, Thomas R.; Farlow, James O.; Pittman, Michael
作者单位：Dakota State University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver; McGill University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History; Purdue University System; Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：Body fossils set limits on feasible reconstructions of functional capacity and behavior in theropod dinosaurs, but do not document in- life behaviors. In contrast, trace fossils such as footprints preserve in- life behaviors that can potentially test and enhance existing reconstructions. Here, we demonstrate how theropod trackways can be used as indirect evidence of pre- avian aerial behavior, expanding the approaches available to study vertebrate flight origins. This involved exploring the be...
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作者：Omidi, Alireza; Moller, Mads Harder; Malhis, Nawar; Bui, Jennifer M.; Gsponer, Jorg
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia
摘要：Interactions mediated by intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDRs) pose formidable challenges in structural characterization. IDRs are highly versatile, capable of adopting diverse structures and engagement modes. Motivated by recent strides in protein structure prediction, we embarked on exploring the extent to which AlphaFoldMultimer can faithfully reproduce the intricacies of interactions involving IDRs. To this end, we gathered multiple datasets covering the versatile spectrum of IDR...
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作者：Xiao, Xun; Wang, Jinting; Ma, Jun; Peng, Xuan; Wu, Shengqiang; Chen, Xiaolei; Lu, Hao; Tan, Chen; Fang, Liurong; Xiao, Shaobo
作者单位：Huazhong Agricultural University
摘要：To withstand complex microbial challenges, the mammalian gut largely depends on the secretion of diverse antimicrobial proteins. Type III interferons (IFN lambda s) are ordinarily considered inducible antiviral cytokines involved in intestinal immunity. Unlike other IFN lambda s, we found that newly identified IFN lambda 4 is an intestinal antibacterial protein. Large amounts of natural IFN lambda 4 are present in the secretory layer of the intestinal tracts of healthy piglets, which suggests ...
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作者：Fregin, Bob; Hossain, Mohammed Faruq; Biedenweg, Doreen; Friedrichs, Virginia; Balkema-Buschmann, Anne; Bokelmann, Marcel; Lehnert, Kristin; Mokbel, Dominic; Aland, Sebastian; Scholz, Carsten C.; Lehmann, Philipp; Otto, Oliver; Kerth, Gerald
作者单位：Universitat Greifswald; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research; Universitat Greifswald; Greifswald Medical School; Friedrich Loeffler Institute; Universitat Greifswald; Greifswald Medical School; Technical University Freiberg; Universitat Greifswald; Greifswald Medical School; Universitat Greifswald; Universitat Greifswald
摘要：Hibernation is a widespread and highly efficient mechanism to save energy in mammals. However, one major challenge of hibernation is maintaining blood circulation at low body temperatures, which strongly depends on the viscoelastic properties of red blood cells (RBCs). Here, we examined at physiologically relevant timescales the thermomechanical properties of hundreds of thousands of individual RBCs from the hibernating common noctule bat ( Nyctalus noctula), the nonhibernating Egyptian fruit ...
