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作者：Guo, Kexin; Liu, Mingchao; Vella, Dominic; Suresh, Subra; Hsia, K. Jimmy
作者单位：Nanyang Technological University; University of Birmingham; University of Oxford; Brown University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Nanyang Technological University
摘要：Plant leaves, whose remarkable ability for morphogenesis results in a wide range of petal and leaf shapes in response to environmental cues, have inspired scientific studies as well as the development of engineering structures and devices. Although some typical shape changes in plants and the driving force for such shape evolution have been extensively studied, there remain many poorly understood mechanisms, characteristics, and principles associated with the vast array of shape formation of p...
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作者：Heins, Conor; Millidge, Beren; Da Costa, Lancelot; Mann, Richard P.; Friston, Karl J.; Couzin, Iain D.
作者单位：Max Planck Society; University of Konstanz; University of Konstanz; University of Oxford; Imperial College London; University of London; University College London; University of Leeds
摘要：Collective motion is ubiquitous in nature; groups of animals, such as fish, birds, and ungulates appear to move as a whole, exhibiting a rich behavioral repertoire that ranges from directed movement to milling to disordered swarming. Typically, such macroscopic patterns arise from decentralized, local interactions among constituent components (e.g., individual fish in a school). Preeminent models of this process describe individuals as self-propelled particles, subject to self -generated motio...
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作者：Benndorf, Klaus; Difrancesco, Dario
作者单位：Friedrich Schiller University of Jena; University of Milan
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作者：Celiktutan, Begum; Cadario, Romain; Morewedge, Carey K.
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Boston University
摘要：Algorithmic bias occurs when algorithms incorporate biases in the human decisions on which they are trained. We find that people see more of their biases (e.g., age, gender, race) in the decisions of algorithms than in their own decisions. Research participants saw more bias in the decisions of algorithms trained on their decisions than in their own decisions, even when those decisions were the same and participants were incentivized to reveal their true beliefs. By contrast, participants saw ...
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作者：Chang, Yen-Ching; Gao, Yuan; Lee, Joo Yeun; Langen, Jennifer; Chang, Karen T.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of Southern California; University of Southern California
摘要：The ability of neurons to rapidly remodel their synaptic structure and strength in response to neuronal activity is highly conserved across species and crucial for complex brain functions. However, mechanisms required to elicit and coordinate the acute, activity- dependent structural changes across synapses are not well understood, as neurodevelopment and structural plasticity are tightly linked. Here, using an RNAi screen in Drosophila against genes affecting nervous system functions in human...
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作者：Liu, Xinyi; Jones, Martin
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); University of Cambridge
摘要：The past 15 y has seen much development in documentation of domestication of plants and animals as gradual traditions spanning millennia. There has also been considerable momentum in understanding the dispersals of major domes ticated taxa across continents spanning thousands of miles. The two processes are often considered within different theoretical strains. What is missing from our repertoire of explanations is a conceptual bridge between the protracted process over millennia and the multi...
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作者：Qian, Yujie; Roy, Tarun Kumar; Jasper, Ahren W.; Sojdak, Christopher A.; Kozlowski, Marisa C.; Klippenstein, Stephen J.; Lester, Marsha I.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory
摘要：The oxidation of cycloalkanes is important in the combustion of transportation fuels and in atmospheric secondary organic aerosol formation. A transient carbon- centered radical intermediate (center dot QOOH) in the oxidation of cyclohexane is identified through its infrared fingerprint and time- and energy- resolved unimolecular dissociation dynamics to hydroxyl (OH) radical and bicyclic ether products. Although the cyclohexyl ring structure leads to three nearly degenerate center dot QOOH is...
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作者：Sampad, Mohammad Julker Neyen; Saiduzzaman, S. M.; Walker, Zach J.; Wells, Tanner N.; Wayment, Jesse X.; Ong, Ephraim M.; Mdaki, Stephanie D.; Tamhankar, Manasi A.; Yuzvinsky, Thomas D.; Patterson, Jean L.; Hawkins, Aaron R.; Schmidt, Holger
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Brigham Young University; Texas Biomedical Research Institute
摘要：Viral outbreaks can cause widespread disruption, creating the need for diagnostic tools that provide high performance and sample versatility at the point of use with moderate complexity. Current gold standards such as PCR and rapid antigen tests fall short in one or more of these aspects. Here, we report a label - free and amplification - free nanopore sensor platform that overcomes these challenges via direct detection and quantification of viral RNA in clinical samples from a variety of biol...
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作者：Yue, Tianqi; Si, Weiyong; Keller, Alex; Yang, Chenguang; Bloomfield-Gadelha, Hermes; Rossiter, Jonathan
作者单位：University of Bristol; University of Bristol; University of West England; University of West England; University of West England; University of Bristol; University of Essex
摘要：Suction is a highly evolved biological adhesion strategy for soft - body organisms to achieve strong grasping on various objects. Biological suckers can adaptively attach to dry complex surfaces such as rocks and shells, which are extremely challenging for current artificial suction cups. Although the adaptive suction of biological suckers is believed to be the result of their soft body's mechanical deformation, some studies imply that in- sucker mucus secretion may be another critical factor ...
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作者：Carter, Gerald G.
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
