2期

最新文章

• A synapse-specific refractory period for plasticity at individual dendritic spines AI翻译
  作者：Flores, Juan C.; Sarkar, Dipannita; Zito, Karen
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis
  摘要：How newly formed memories are preserved while brain plasticity is ongoing has been a source of debate. One idea is that synapses which experienced recent plasticity become resistant to further plasticity, a type of metaplasticity often referred to as saturation. Here, we probe the local dendritic mechanisms that limit plasticity at recently potentiated synapses. We show that recently potentiated individual synapses exhibit a synapse- specific refractory period for further potentiation. We furt...
• Exome sequencing identifies genes for socioeconomic status in 350,770 individuals AI翻译
  作者：Wu, Xin-Rui; Yang, Liu; Wu, Bang-Sheng; Liu, Wei-Shi; Deng, Yue-Ting; Kang, Ju-Jiao; Dong, Qiang; Sahakian, Barbara J.; Feng, Jian-Feng; Cheng, Wei; Yu, Jin-Tai
  作者单位：Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge; University of Warwick
  摘要：Socioeconomic status (SES) is a critical factor in determining health outcomes and is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. However, our understanding of the genetic structure of SES remains incomplete. Here, we conducted a large- scale exome and social deprivation) in 350,770 individuals. For rare coding variants, we identified 56 significant associations by gene- based collapsing tests, unveiling 7 additional and LINC02881). Exome- wide single common variant analysis revealed nine...
• Pore pressure inhibits clustering of induced earthquakes in Western Canada AI翻译
  作者：Li, Bing Q.
  作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario)
  摘要：Induced earthquakes are manifestations of highly heterogeneous distributions of effective stress changes imparted by anthropogenic activities such as hydraulic fracturing and wastewater injection. It is critical to disentangle the mechanisms behind these earthquakes to better assess seismic risk. Here, a clustering methodology is applied to a catalog of 21,536 induced earthquakes detected during a 36-d hydraulic stimulation program in Western Canada. The results reveal that clustered events nu...
• Organic matter and biomarkers: Why are samples required? AI翻译
  作者：Sephton, Mark A.; Steele, Andrew; Westall, Frances; Schubotz, Florence
  作者单位：Imperial College London; Carnegie Institution for Science; University of Bremen
  摘要：The search for evidence of past prebiotic or biotic activity on Mars will be enhanced by the return of samples to Earth laboratories. While impressive analytical feats have been accomplished by in situ missions on the red planet, accessing the capabilities of Earth's global laboratories will present a step change in data acquisition. Highly diagnostic markers of past life are biomarkers, organic molecules whose architecture can be attributed to once living organisms. Similar organic molecular ...
• Strong adsorption of guanidinium cations to the air-water interface AI翻译
  作者：Bernal, Franky; Dodin, Amro; Kyprianou, Constantine; Limmer, David T.; Saykally, Richard J.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  摘要：Combining Deep-UV second harmonic generation spectroscopy with molecular simulations, we confirm and quantify the specific adsorption of guanidinium cations to the air-water interface. Using a Langmuir analysis of measurements at multiple concentrations, we extract the Gibbs free energy of adsorption, finding it larger than typical thermal energies. Molecular simulations clarify the role of polarizability in tuning the thermodynamics of adsorption, and establish the preferential parallel align...
• Escalation of genome defense capacity enables control of an expanding meiotic driver AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Peiwei; Pan, Katherine C.; Park, Eunice H.; Luo, Yicheng; Lee, Yuh Chwen G.; Aravin, Alexei A.
  作者单位：California Institute of Technology; University of California System; University of California Irvine; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：From RNA interference to chromatin silencing, diverse genome defense pathways silence selfish genetic elements to safeguard genome integrity. Despite their diversity, different defense pathways share a modular organization, where numerous specificity factors identify diverse targets and common effectors silence them. In the PIWI- interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway, target RNAs are first identified by complementary base pairing with piRNAs and then silenced by PIWI-clade nucleases. Such a binary a...
• Structural basis for TIR domain-mediated innate immune signaling by Toll- like receptor adaptors TRIF and TRAM AI翻译
  作者：Manik, Mohammad K.; Pan, Mengqi; Xiao, Le; Gu, Weixi; Kim, Hyoyoung; Pospich, Sabrina; Hedger, Andrew; Vajjhala, Parimala R.; Lee, Morris Y. L.; Qian, Xiaoqi; Landsberg, Michael J.; Ve, Thomas; Nanson, Jeffrey D.; Raunser, Stefan; Stacey, Katryn J.; Wu, Hao; Kobe, Bostjan
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Program in Cellular & Molecular Medicine (PCMM); University of Queensland; University of Queensland; University of Queensland; Max Planck Society; Griffith University; Griffith University - Gold Coast Campus; Charles Sturt University
  摘要：Innate immunity relies on Toll- like receptors (TLRs) to detect pathogen- associated molecadaptor molecule) are essential for MyD88- independent TLR signaling. However, the structural basis of TRIF and TRAM TIR domain-based signaling remains unclear. Here, we present cryo- EM structures of filaments formed by TRIF and TRAM TIR domains at resolutions of 3.3 & Aring; and 5.6 & Aring;, respectively. Both structures reveal two- stranded parallel helical arrangements. Functional studies underscore ...
• The scientific value of Mars Sample Return Introduction AI翻译
  作者：McSween, Harry Y.; Thiemens, Mark H.
  作者单位：University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; University of California System; University of California San Diego
• Epistatic hotspots organize antibody fitness landscape and boost evolvability AI翻译
  作者：Schulz, Steven; Tan, Timothy J. C.; Wu, Nicholas C.; Wang, Shenshen
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
  摘要：The course of evolution is strongly shaped by interaction between mutations. Such epistasis can yield rugged sequence-function maps and constrain the availability of adaptive paths. While theoretical intuition is often built on global statistics of large, homogeneous model landscapes, mutagenesis measurements necessarily probe a limited neighborhood of a reference genotype. It is unclear to what extent local topography of a real epistatic landscape represents its global shape. Here, we demonst...
• Motor neuron disease, TDP- 43 pathology, and memory deficits in mice expressing ALS-FTD- linked UBQLN2 mutations (vol 113, pg E7580, 2016) AI翻译
  作者：Le, Nhat T. T.; Chang, Lydia; Kovlyagina, Irina; Georgiou, Polymnia; Safren, Nathaniel; Braunstein, Kerstin E.; Kvarta, Mark D.; Van Dyke, Adam M.; LeGates, Tara A.; Philips, Thomas; Morrison, Brett M.; Thompson, Scott M.; Puche, Adam C.; Gould, Todd D.; Rothstein, Jeffrey D.; Wong, Philip C.; Monteiro, Mervyn J.