20期

最新文章

• A vetiver-specific terpene synthase VzTPS9 contributes to the high attractiveness of vetiver to rice stem borer AI翻译
  作者：Li, Qiang; He, Kang; Lu, Yanhui; He, Bingbing; Zheng, Xusong; Lu, Zhongxian; Li, Fei; Xu, Hongxing
  作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guizhou University
  摘要：Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) is highly attractive to the rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis, RSB) and is widely utilized as a trap plant for RSB control in East Asia. However, the underlying mechanism driving this high level of attractiveness remains unclear. In this study, we identified volatiles emitted by vetiver using SPME/GC-MS and found that cedrol constitutes 12.15% of the total volatile profile. Both Y-tube olfactometer and electroantennography assays revealed that cedrol is highly...
• Behavioral interventions motivate action to address climate change AI翻译
  作者：Sinclair, Alyssa H.; Cosme, Danielle; Lydic, Kirsten; Reinero, Diego A.; Carreras-Tartak, Jose; Mann, Michael E.; Falk, Emily B.
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：Mitigating climate change requires urgent action at individual, collective, and institutional levels. However, individuals may fail to act because they perceive climate change as a threat that is distant or not personally relevant, or believe their actions are not impactful. To address these psychological barriers, we conducted a large- scale intervention tournament. In a sample of 7,624 participants, we systematically tested 17 interventions that targeted psychological mechanisms described by...
• The mechanics of the squash nick shot AI翻译
  作者：Ravisankar, Mithun; Federle, Madeline E.; Bahadori, Mina; Das, Asimanshu; Kesari, Haneesh; Zenit, Roberto
  作者单位：Brown University
  摘要：Squash is a widely popular racket sport, practiced by millions of people worldwide, played inside a walled court. When played well, players can last for several minutes before the ball bounces twice on the floor. There is, however, an unanswerable shot. When the ball hits the nick between a vertical wall and the floor, under certain conditions, it rolls without any vertical bounce. We study this process experimentally. We determined that the ball must hit the vertical wall first at a narrow ra...
• Foraging for water by MIZ1-mediated antagonism between root gravitropism and hydrotropism AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Yuzhou; Bao, Zhulatai; Smoljan, Adrijana; Liu, Yifan; Wang, Huihui; Friml, Jiri
  作者单位：Northwest A&F University - China; Northwest A&F University - China; Northwest A&F University - China; Institute of Science & Technology - Austria
  摘要：Root system integrates multiple environmental cues, chiefly gravity and soil humidity, to anchor plants in soil and forage for water. While the mechanism of auxin- mediated root gravitropism is comparably well- understood, the root's capability to grow toward moist soil for water uptake and drought avoidance, termed root hydrotropism, remains largely mysterious. Here, we provide key insights into the mechanism of hydrotropic growth and assign a role to the master regulator of hydrotropism, MIZ...
• MALT1 inhibitor MI-2 induces ferroptosis by direct targeting of GPX4 AI翻译
  作者：Mishima, Eikan; O'Neill, Thomas J.; Hoefig, Kai P.; Chen, Deng; Behrens, Gesine; Henkelmann, Bernhard; Ito, Junya; Nakagawa, Kiyotaka; Heissmeyer, Vigo; Conrad, Marcus; Krappmann, Daniel
  作者单位：Tohoku University; Tohoku University; University of Munich; Technical University of Munich; University of Munich
• A combined experimental and computational analysis of mantATP turnover in skinned muscle fibers AI翻译
  作者：Montesel, Mauro; De Napoli, Cosimo; Schmidt, Luisa; Germinario, Elena; Guzman, Ulises H.; V. Olsen, Jesper; Marcucci, Lorenzo; Nogara, Leonardo
  作者单位：University of Padua; Veneto Institute Molecular Medicine; University of Copenhagen; University of Padua
  摘要：Myosin is the primary motor protein in skeletal muscle, responsible for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis that drives muscle contraction. In addition to force production, resting myosin consumes ATP in futile cycles at two rates, the slower one being associated with the Super Relaxed State (SRX), in contrast to the less inhibited Disordered Relaxed State (DRX). The SRX is typically measured using the mantATP chasing technique, where the decay of a fluorescent ATP analogue is fitted using...
• Aerobic nitrogen cycle 100 My before permanent atmospheric oxygenation AI翻译
  作者：Uveges, Benjamin T.; Izon, Gareth; Junium, Christopher K.; Ono, Shuhei; Summons, Roger E.
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Cornell University; Syracuse University
  摘要：The Great Oxidation Event (GOE) represents a major shift in Earth's surficial redox balance. Delineating the driver(s) and tempo of the GOE and its impact on microbial evolution and biogeochemistry can be aided by characterizing the cycling of redox-sensitive elements such as nitrogen. While previous studies have shown that the transition to a broadly aerobic marine nitrogen cycle occurred in step with the final phase of the GOE similar to 2.33 billion years ago (Ga), an evolving understanding...
• Modes of action of a small molecule antiviral compound targeting yellow fever virus NS4B protein AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Fuxuan; Gao, Zhao; Chen, Bo; Jiang, Zhengyuan; Renner, David M.; Li, Jiaqi; Tolufashe, Gideon; Du, Yanming; Guo, Ju-Tao; Chang, Jinhong
  摘要：from the invagination of endoplasmic reticulum membranes, designated as replication organelles (ROs). Nonstructural protein 4B (NS4B) of flaviviruses play essential roles in the biogenesis of ROs and evasion of innate immune responses. We report herein that only rapidly inhibits YFV RNA synthesis, but also induces the activation of cytoplasmic double- stranded RNA (dsRNA)- sensing pathways to accelerate the apoptosis of infected cells. Genetic analyses revealed that all the three cytoplasmic d...
• A mechanism for MEX-5-driven disassembly of PGL-3/RNA condensates in vitro AI翻译
  作者：Lewis, Natasha S.; Zedlitz, Silja; Ausserwoger, Hannes; McCall, Patrick M.; Hubatsch, Lars; Nousch, Marco; Gruss, Martine Ruer -; Hoege, Carsten; Juelicher, Frank; Eckmann, Christian R.; Knowles, Tuomas P. J.; Hyman, Anthony A.
  作者单位：Max Planck Society; University of Cambridge; Technische Universitat Dresden; Leibniz Institut fur Polymerforschung Dresden; Max Planck Society; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg; University of Cambridge
  摘要：MEX-5 regulates the formation and dissolution of P granules in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos, yet the thermodynamic basis of its activity remains unclear. Here, using a time-resolved in vitro reconstitution system, we show that MEX-5 dissolves preassembled liquid-like PGL-3/RNA condensates by altering RNA availability and shifting the phase boundary. We develop a microfluidic assay to systematically analyze how MEX-5 influences phase separation. By measuring the contribution of PGL-3 to phase...
• Exact and efficient phylodynamic simulation from arbitrarily large populations AI翻译
  作者：Celentano, Michael; Dewitt, William S.; Prillo, Sebastian; Song, Yun S.
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
  摘要：Many biological studies involve inferring the evolutionary history of a sample of individuals from a large population and interpreting the reconstructed tree. Such an ascertained tree typically represents only a small part of a comprehensive population tree and is distorted by survivorship and sampling biases. Inferring evolutionary parameters from ascertained trees requires modeling both the underlying population dynamics and the ascertainment process. A crucial component of this phylodynamic...