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作者：Gao, Xufeng; Zhou, Peng; Yuan, Xu; Li, Xiaoxu; Li, Bowen; Xia, Yu; Meng, Yifan; Zare, Richard N.; Zheng, Tingting; Zhang, Xinxing
作者单位：Nankai University; East China Normal University; Jianghan University; Stanford University
摘要：Adhesive interfaces store significant energy due to interlocking molecular chain entanglement and van der Waals forces. When two adhesive surfaces are separated, triboelectric effects induce charge transfer, generating a strong electric field at the peeling interface. This effect offers different opportunities for initiating chemical reactions. Here, we report that the stick-slip friction involved in peeling tape produces electric fields on the order of 109 V/m, as measured by the vibrational ...
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作者：Han, Chenxu; Zong, Hongxiang; Ding, Xiangdong; Sun, Jun; Ackland, Graeme J.
作者单位：Xi'an Jiaotong University; University of Edinburgh
摘要：Liquid-liquid phase transitions (LLPTs) are typically characterized as two-state systems, where transitions occur between two distinct liquid phases driven by local structural rearrangements. In this study, we observed a continuous LLPT with an inversion of electronegativity in a K-Rb binary alloy. This uniquely exhibits a three-state system behavior. The transition, induced by pressure-driven reordering of electronic orbital energies, progresses through a sequence from s-metal to electride to...
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作者：Juraszek, Jarek; Kadam, Rameshwar U.; Branduardi, Davide; van Ameijde, Jeroen; Garg, Divita; Dailly, Nicolas; Jongeneelen, Mandy; Vermond, Jan; Brakenhoff, Just P. J.; Brandenburg, Boerries; van Dongen, Maria J. P.; Vogels, Ronald; Friesen, Robert H. E.; Wilson, Ian A.
作者单位：Scripps Research Institute; Scripps Research Institute; Scripps Research Institute; Astex Pharmaceuticals
摘要：D-peptides hold great promise as therapeutics by alleviating the challenges of metabolic stability and immunogenicity in L-peptides. However, current D-peptide discovery methods are severely limited by specific size, structure, and the chemical synthesizability of their protein targets. Here, we describe a computational method for de novo design of D-peptides that bind to an epitope of interest on the target protein using Rosetta's hotspot-centric approach. The approach comprises identifying h...
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作者：Yoshida, Atsushi; Hikosaka, Okihide
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Eye Institute (NEI); Hokkaido University
摘要：The basal ganglia play a crucial role in action selection by facilitating desired movements and suppressing unwanted ones. The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), a key output nucleus, facilitates movement through disinhibition of the superior colliculus (SC). However, its role in action suppression, particularly in primates, remains less clear. We investigated whether individual SNr neurons in three male macaque monkeys bidirectionally modulate their activity to both facilitate and suppre...
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作者：Guo, Yongzhao; Mayr, Magdalena J.; Pereira, Olivia S.; Levin, Lisa A.; Orphan, Victoria J.; Goffredi, Shana K.
作者单位：Occidental College; California Institute of Technology; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography
摘要：Methane seeps harbor uncharacterized animal-microbe symbioses with unique nutritional strategies. Three undescribed sea spider species (family Ammotheidae; genus Sericosura) endemic to methane seeps were found along the eastern Pacific margin, from California to Alaska, hosting diverse methane-and methanol-oxidizing bacteria on their exoskeleton. S13C tissue isotope values of in situ specimens corroborated methane assimilation (-45 parts per thousand, on average). Live animal incubations with ...
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作者：Bai, Bowen; Zhang, Xiangmin; Zhang, Mengmeng; Ma, Weiwei; Li, Jiwei; Zhang, Haili; Na, Lei; Guo, Xing; Lin, Yuezhi; Wang, Xue - Feng; Wang, Xiaojun
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
摘要：Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is an important model for the study of pathogenesis in lentiviruses. Studies of viral genome organization and replication mechanisms are fundamental to the understanding of virus pathogenicity. In this study, we identified an unique transcript from EIAV in vivo and in vitro by Sanger sequencing and Northern blotting. The transcript contains a complete open reading frame and has length 369 nt. We named the protein encoded by this transcript S4 and demonstra...
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作者：Weh, Malgorzata Tyczynska; Kumar, Pragya; Marusyk, Viktoriya; Marusyk, Andriy; Basanta, David
作者单位：H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute
摘要：Darwinian evolution results from an interplay between stochastic diversification of heritable phenotypes, impacting the chance of survival and reproduction, and fitness-based selection. The ability of populations to evolve and adapt to environmental changes depends on rates of mutational diversification and the distribution of fitness effects of random mutations. In turn, the distribution of fitness effects of stochastic mutations can be expected to depend on the adaptive state of a population...
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作者：Mueller, Matthias; Barone, Matthias; van Dinther, Maarten; Motzny, Kathrin; Ren, Jiang; Eichhorst, Jenny; Albat, Dominik; Chiha, Slim; Lehmann, Martin; Volkmer, Rudolf; Oschkinat, Hartmut; Schmalz, Hans-Guenther; ten Dijke, Peter; Kuehne, Ronald
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Leibniz Forschungsinstitut furr Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP); Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Institute of Health; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); University of Cologne
摘要：Cancer therapy would benefit from suppressing cancer cell motility in the process of metastasis. Such directed cell migration relies on the propulsive force established by the filamentous actin network within lamellipodia. Proteins of the Ena/VASP family and the WAVE regulatory complex orchestrate lamellar protrusions and therefore provide promising targets for pharmacological interventions. Here, we report a cross-talk between Ena/VASP proteins and WAVE2 that is important for cancer cell extr...
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作者：Stevenson, Alisdair; Staats, Roxine; Dear, Alexander J.; Voderholzer, David; Dreier, Jesper E.; Meisl, Georg; Guido, Raphael; Knowles, Tuomas P. J.; Galvagnion, Celine; Buell, Alexander K.; Vendruscolo, Michele; Michaels, Thomas C. T.
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Cambridge; University of Copenhagen; Technical University of Denmark
摘要：The aggregation of a-synuclein into amyloid fibrils is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease. This process has been shown to directly involve interactions between proteins and lipid surfaces when the latter are present. Despite this importance, the molecular mechanisms of lipid-induced amyloid aggregation have remained largely elusive. Here, we present a global kinetic model to describe lipid-induced amyloid aggregation of a-synuclein. Using this framework, we find that a-synuclein fibrils form vi...
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作者：Boundy-Singer, Zoe M.; Ziemba, Corey M.; Goris, Robbe L. T.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Eye Institute (NEI)
摘要：Perception is fallible. Humans know this, and so do some nonhuman animals like macaque monkeys. When monkeys report more confidence in a perceptual decision, that decision is more likely to be correct. It is not known how neural circuits in the primate brain assess the quality of perceptual decisions. Here, we test two hypotheses. First, that decision confidence is related to the structure of population activity in the sensory cortex. And second, that this relation differs from the one between...
