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作者：Wyllie, Ryan M.; Jensen, Paul A.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Microbes use quorum-sensing systems to respond to ecological and environmentalchanges. In the oral microbiome, the pathogenic bacteriumStreptococcus mutansusesquorum-sensing to control the production of bacteriocins. These antimicrobial peptideskill off ecological competitors and allowS. mutansto dominate the microenvironmentof dental plaques and form dental caries. One class of bacteriocins produced byS. mutans, the lantibiotic mutacins, are particularly effective at killing due to theirbroad...
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作者：Magesh, Shruthi; Schrope, Jonathan H.; Soto, Nayanna Mercado; Li, Chao; Hurley, Amanda I.; Huttenlocher, Anna; Beebe, David J.; Handelsman, Jo
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Biofilms are three- dimensional structures containing one or more bacterial species embedded in extracellular polymeric substances. Although most biofilms are stationary, Flavobacterium johnsoniae forms a motile spherical biofilm called a zorb, which is propelled by its base cells and contains a polysaccharide core. Here, we report the formation of spatially organized, motile, multispecies biofilms, designated co- zorbs, that are distinguished by a core-shell structure. F. johnsoniae forms zor...
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作者：Nghiem, Trang-Anh E.; Witten, Jenny L.; Dufour, Oscar; Harmening, Wolf M.; da Silveira, Rava Azeredo
作者单位：Universite Paris Cite; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); University of Bonn; University of Basel; University of Zurich
摘要：Perception and action are inherently entangled: our world view is shaped by how we explore our environment through complex and variable self-motion. Even when fixating stable stimuli, our eyes undergo small, involuntary movements. Fixational eye movements (FEM) render a stable world jittery on our retinae, which can be expected to harm neural coding. Yet, empirical evidence suggests that FEM help rather than harm human perception of fine detail. Here, we elucidate this paradox by uncovering un...
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作者：Smits, Alexander J.; Mulleners, Karen
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
摘要：Airborne insects generate a leading edge vortex when they flap their wings. This coherent vortex is a low-pressure region that enhances the lift of flapping wings compared to fixed wings. Insect wings are thin membranes strengthened by a system of veins that does not allow large wing deformations. Bat wings are thin compliant skin membranes stretched between their limbs, hand, and body that show larger deformations during flapping wing flight. This study examines the role of the leading edge v...
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作者：Bunbury, Freddy; Rivas, Carlos; Calatrava, Victoria; Malkovskiy, Andrey, V; Joubert, Lydia - Marie; Parvate, Amar D.; Evans, James E.; Grossman, Arthur R.; Bhaya, Devaki
作者单位：University of Chicago; Carnegie Institution for Science; Stanford University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Washington State University; Stanford University
摘要：Microbial mats are stratified communities often dominated by unicellular and filamentous phototrophs within an exopolymer matrix. It is challenging to quantify the dynamic responses of community members in situ as they experience steep gradients and rapid fluctuations of light. To address this, we developed a binary consortium using two representative isolates from hot spring mats: the unicellular oxygenic phototrophic cyanobacterium Synechococcus OS-B ' (Syn OS-B ') and the filamentous anoxyg...
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作者：Wang, Jiayi; Butler, Jason E.; Ladd, Anthony J. C.
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida
摘要：migration of DNA, which occurs when a polyelectrolyte solution flowing through a microfluidic channel is subjected to an electric field. The coupling of the weak shearing with the axial electric field is highly selective for long, flexible, charged molecules, of which DNA is the sole example in a typical cell lysate. As a result of migration to the walls, DNA is held near the channel inlet by electrophoresis (there is no flow near the channel walls), while the remaining components are eluted b...
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作者：Xu, Zhuo; Zhu, Changliang; Shen, Hongchuan; Liu, Yuan; Tang, Jiashen; Weitz, David A.; Xu, Lei
作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：We develop a technology based on competitive adsorption between drug molecules and water, specifically designed to address the critical issue of poor drug solubility. By specially engineering silica nanosurfaces with ultrahigh densities of silanol, we significantly enhance their affinity for both drug molecules and water, with a notably greater increase in water affinity. Such surfaces can effectively adsorb a variety of drug molecules under dry conditions. Upon exposure to water, these surfac...
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作者：Yin, Xin; Zhang, Zihan; Zhou, Rui; Zuo, Peng; Sang, Di; Zhou, Shuang; Shi, Bihan; Chen, Lin; Wu, Chongyang; Guo, Ying; Wang, Fengchao; Zhang, Eric Erquan; Li, Qi; Yanagisawa, Masashi; Liu, Qinghua
作者单位：Peking University; National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Peking Union Medical College; Tsinghua University; Beijing Normal University; Tsinghua University; University of Tsukuba; Tsinghua University
摘要：Sleep need accumulates during waking and dissipates during sleep to maintain sleep homeostasis (process S). Besides the regulation of daily (baseline) sleep amount, homeostatic sleep regulation commonly refers to the universal phenomenon that sleep deprivation (SD) causes an increase of sleep need, hence, the amount and intensity of subsequent recovery sleep. The central regulators and signaling pathways that govern the baseline and homeostatic sleep regulations in mammals remain unclear. Here...
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作者：Gadea, Esteban D.; Sirkin, Yamila A. Perez; Molinero, Valeria; Scherlis, Damian A.
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作者：Messina, Marco S.; Torrente, Laura; Pezacki, Aidan T.; Humpel, Hanna I.; Li, Erin L.; Miller, Sophia G.; Verdejo-Torres, Odette; Padilla-Benavides, Teresita; Brady, Donita C.; Killilea, David W.; Killilea, Alison N.; Ralle, Martina; Ward, Nathan P.; Ohata, Jun; Denicola, Gina M.; Chang, Christopher J.
作者单位：University of Delaware; H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Princeton University; Oregon Health & Science University; Wesleyan University; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; North Carolina State University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Copper is an essential nutrient for sustaining vital cellular processes spanning respiration, metabolism, and proliferation. However, loss of copper homeostasis, particularly misregulation of loosely bound copper ions which are defined as the labile copper pool, occurs in major diseases such as cancer, where tumor growth and metastasis have heightened requirement for this metal. To help decipher the role of copper in the etiology of cancer, we report a histochemical activity- based sensing app...
