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作者：Kirby, Monica B.; Petersen, Brian M.; Faris, Jonathan G.; Kells, Siobhan P.; Sprenger, Kayla G.; Whitehead, Timothy A.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：Immunological interventions, like vaccinations, are enabled by the predictive control of humoral responses to novel antigens. While the development trajectories for many broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) have been measured, it is less established how human subtype- specific antibodies develop from their precursors. In this work, we evaluated the retrospective development trajectories for eight anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike human antibodies (Abs). To mimic the immunological process of BCR selecti...
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作者：Ruyle, Bridger J.; Pennoyer, Emily H.; Vojta, Simon; Becanova, Jitka; Islam, Minhazul; Webster, Thomas F.; Bernays, Wendy Heiger-; Lohmann, Rainer; Westerhoff, Paul; Schaefer, Charles E.; Sunderland, Elsie M.
作者单位：Harvard University; Carnegie Institution for Science; New York University; New York University Tandon School of Engineering; Boston University; University of Rhode Island; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Harvard University; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
摘要：Wastewater receives per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from diverse consumer and industrial sources, and discharges are known to be a concern for drinking water quality. The PFAS family includes thousands of potential chemical structures containing organofluorine moieties. Exposures to a few well- studied PFAS, mainly perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAA), have been associated with increased risk of many adverse health outcomes, prompting federal drinking water regulations for six compounds in 2...
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作者：Viegas, Jennifer
作者单位：Tel Aviv University
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作者：Chuckran, Peter F.; Estera-Molina, Katerina; Nicolas, Alexa M.; Sieradzki, Ella T.; Dijkstra, Paul; Firestone, Mary K.; Pett-Ridge, Jennifer; Blazewicz, Steven J.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Columbia University; Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Institut National des Sciences Appliquees de Lyon - INSA Lyon; Ecole Centrale de Lyon; Northern Arizona University; University of California System; University of California Merced; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：In soils, the first rain after a prolonged dry period represents a major pulse event impacting soil microbial community function, yet we lack a full understanding of the genomic traits associated with the microbial response to rewetting. Genomic traits such as codon usage bias and genome size have been linked to bacterial growth in soils-however, often through measurements in culture. Here, we used metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) with O-18-water stable isotope probing and metatranscriptomi...
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作者：Ancaten-Gonzalez, Carlos; Meza, Rodrigo C.; Gonzalez -Sanabria, Naileth; Segura, Ignacio; Alcano, Alejandro; Pena-Pichicoi, Antonio; Latorre, Ramon; Chiu, Chiayu Q.; Chavez, Andres E.
作者单位：Universidad de Valparaiso; Universidad de Valparaiso
摘要：BK channels can control neuronal function, but their functional relevance in activity- dependent changes of synaptic function remains elusive. Here, we report that repetitive low- frequency stimulation activates BK channels through 12(S)HPETE, an arachidonic acid metabolite, produced downstream of postsynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) to trigger long- term depression (LTD) at CA3-CA1 synapses in hippocampal slices from P7-P10 mice. Activation of BK channels is subunit specific...
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作者：Chen, Shuqiang; He, Mingjian; Brown, Ritchie E.; Eden, Uri T.; Prerau, Michael J.
作者单位：Boston University; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); VA Boston Healthcare System; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Boston University; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
摘要：Sleep spindles are cortical electrical oscillations considered critical for memory consolidation and sleep stability. The timing and pattern of sleep spindles are likely to be important in driving synaptic plasticity during sleep as well as preventing disruption of sleep by sensory and internal stimuli. However, the relative importance of factors such as sleep depth, cortical up/down-state, and temporal clustering in governing sleep spindle dynamics remains poorly understood. Here, we analyze ...
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作者：Herd, Christopher D. K.; Bosak, Tanja; Hausrath, Elisabeth M.; Hickman-Lewis, Keyron; Mayhew, Lisa E.; Shuster, David L.; Simon, Justin I.; Siljestrom, Sandra; Weiss, Benjamin P.; Wadhwa, Meenakshi; Zorzano, Maria - Paz; Maki, Justin N.; Farley, Kenneth A.; Stack, Kathryn M.
作者单位：University of Alberta; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Las Vegas; University of London; Birkbeck University London; University of Bologna; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; RISE Research Institutes of Sweden; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Johnson Space Center; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Centro de Astrobiologia (INTA); National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology
摘要：The NASA Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover Mission has collected samples of rock, regolith, and atmosphere within the Noachian-aged Jezero Crater, once the site of a delta- lake system with a high potential for habitability and biosignature preservation. Between sols 109 and 1,088 of the mission, 27 sample tubes have been sealed, including witness tubes. Each sealed sample tube has been collected along with detailed documentation provided by the Perseverance instrument payload, preserving geologica...
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作者：Jenewein, Christian; Maiz-Sicilia, Aurora; Rull, Fernando; Gonzalez-Souto, Lorena; Garcia-Ruiz, Juan Manuel
作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (IACT); Universidad de Valladolid; Universidad de Cadiz
摘要：Revealing the origin of life and unambiguously detecting fossil remains of the earliest organisms are closely related aspects of the same scientific research. The synthesis of prebiotic molecular building blocks of life and the first compartmentalization into protocells have been considered two events apart in time, space, or both. We conducted lightning experiments in borosilicate reactors filled with a mixture of gases mimicking plausible geochemical conditions of early Earth. In addition to...
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作者：Smith, William P. J.; Armstrong -Bond, Ewan; Coyte, Katharine Z.; Knight, Christopher G.; Basler, Marek; Brockhurst, Michael A.
作者单位：University of Manchester; University of Manchester; University of Basel
摘要：The bacterial type 6 secretion system (T6SS) is a toxin- injecting nanoweapon that mediates competition in plant- and animal- associated microbial communities. Bacteria can evolve de novo resistance against T6SS attacks, but resistance is far from universal in natural communities, suggesting key features of T6SS weaponry may act to limit its evolution. Here, we combine ecoevolutionary modeling and experimental evolution to examine how toxin type and multiplicity in Acinetobacter baylyi attacke...
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作者：Wu, Mingxuan; Jia, Gaogan; Liu, Yaoqian; Lou, Yiyun; Li, Yunjie; Xia, Mingyu; Li, Huawei; Li, Wenyan
作者单位：Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University
摘要：Understanding the role of metabolic processes during inner ear development is essential for identifying targets for hair cell (HC) regeneration, as metabolic choices play a crucial role in cell proliferation and differentiation. Among the metabolic processes, growing evidence shows that glucose metabolism is closely related to organ development. However, the role of glucose metabolism in mammalian inner ear development and HC regeneration remains unclear. In this study, we found that glycolyti...
