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作者：Dimitrova-Paternoga, Lyudmila; Kasvandik, Sergo; Beckert, Bertrand; Granneman, Sander; Tenson, Tanel; Wilson, Daniel N.; Paternoga, Helge
作者单位：University of Hamburg; University of Tartu; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; University of Edinburgh
摘要：Protein synthesis is a major energy-consuming process of the cell that requires the controlled production1-3 and turnover4,5 of ribosomes. Although the past few years have seen major advances in our understanding of ribosome biogenesis, structural insight into the degradation of ribosomes has been lacking. Here we present native structures of two distinct small ribosomal 30S subunit degradation intermediates associated with the 3 ' to 5 ' exonuclease ribonuclease R (RNase R). The structures re...
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作者：He, Feng; Wu, Cheng-Guo; Gao, Yang; Rahman, Sabrina N.; Zaoralova, Magda; Papasergi-Scott, Makaia M.; Gu, Ting-Jia; Robertson, Michael J.; Seven, Alpay B.; Li, Lingjun; Mathiesen, Jesper M.; Skiniotis, Georgios
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Copenhagen; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Stanford University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Liangzhu Laboratory
摘要：The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a family C G-protein-coupled receptor(1) (GPCR) that has a central role in regulating systemic calcium homeostasis(2,3). Here we use cryo-electron microscopy and functional assays to investigate the activation of human CaSR embedded in lipid nanodiscs and its coupling to functional G(i) versus G(q) proteins in the presence and absence of the calcimimetic drug cinacalcet. High-resolution structures show that both G(i) and G(q) drive additional conformation...
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作者：Liu, Guangdong; Shih, Arthur J.; Deng, Huiqiu; Ojha, Kasinath; Chen, Xiaoting; Luo, Mingchuan; Mccrum, Ian T.; Koper, Marc T. M.; Greeley, Jeffrey; Zeng, Zhenhua
作者单位：Hunan University; Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Clarkson University; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：Heterogeneous catalysts are widely used to promote chemical reactions. Although it is known that chemical reactions usually happen on catalyst surfaces, only specific surface sites have high catalytic activity. Thus, identifying active sites and maximizing their presence lies at the heart of catalysis research1-4, in which the classic model is to categorize active sites in terms of distinct surface motifs, such as terraces and steps1,5-10. However, such a simple categorization often leads to o...
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作者：Pettine, Jacob; Padmanabhan, Prashant; Shi, Teng; Gingras, Lauren; McClintock, Luke; Chang, Chun-Chieh; Kwock, Kevin W. C.; Yuan, Long; Huang, Yue; Nogan, John; Baldwin, Jon K.; Adel, Peter; Holzwarth, Ronald; Azad, Abul K.; Ronning, Filip; Taylor, Antoinette J.; Prasankumar, Rohit P.; Lin, Shi-Zeng; Chen, Hou-Tong
作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Menlo Systems GmbH; University of California System; University of California Davis; Columbia University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Intellectual Ventures
摘要：Controlled charge flows are fundamental to many areas of science and technology, serving as carriers of energy and information, as probes of material properties and dynamics1 and as a means of revealing2,3 or even inducing4,5 broken symmetries. Emerging methods for light-based current control5-16 offer particularly promising routes beyond the speed and adaptability limitations of conventional voltage-driven systems. However, optical generation and manipulation of currents at nanometre spatial ...
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作者：Sanderson, Katharine
摘要：Some palaeontologists want more rigorous guidelines for naming species, along with action to address problematic historical practices.
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作者：Atek, Hakim; Labbe, Ivo; Furtak, Lukas J.; Chemerynska, Iryna; Fujimoto, Seiji; Setton, David J.; Miller, Tim B.; Oesch, Pascal; Bezanson, Rachel; Price, Sedona H.; Dayal, Pratika; Zitrin, Adi; Kokorev, Vasily; Weaver, John R.; Brammer, Gabriel; van Dokkum, Pieter; Williams, Christina C.; Cutler, Sam E.; Feldmann, Robert; Fudamoto, Yoshinobu; Greene, Jenny E.; Leja, Joel; Maseda, Michael, V; Muzzin, Adam; Pan, Richard; Papovich, Casey; Nelson, Erica J.; Nanayakkara, Themiya; Stark, Daniel P.; Stefanon, Mauro; Suess, Katherine A.; Wang, Bingjie; Whitaker, Katherine E.
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Sorbonne Universite; Swinburne University of Technology; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; University of Geneva; University of Copenhagen; Niels Bohr Institute; University of Groningen; Kapteyn Astronomical Institute; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; Yale University; University of Arizona; University of Zurich; Waseda University; National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) - Japan; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ); Princeton University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; York University - Canada; Tufts University; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Valencia; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：The identification of sources driving cosmic reionization, a major phase transition from neutral hydrogen to ionized plasma around 600-800 Myr after the Big Bang(1-3), has been a matter of debate(4). Some models suggest that high ionizing emissivity and escape fractions (f(esc)) from quasars support their role in driving cosmic reionization(5,6). Others propose that the high f(esc) values from bright galaxies generate sufficient ionizing radiation to drive this process(7). Finally, a few studi...
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作者：Hofstra, Bas; Mulders, Anne Maaike
作者单位：Radboud University Nijmegen
摘要：A big-data analysis shows that men are starkly over-represented in online images, and that gender bias is stronger in images compared with text. Such images could influence enduring gender biases in our offline lives. Biased images on the Internet could influence beliefs about gender.
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作者：[Anonymous]
摘要：Soukaina El Idrissi Faouzi works to optimize the performance of the world's biggest working solar farm.
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作者：Okubo, Takumi; Rivron, Nicolas; Kabata, Mio; Masaki, Hideki; Kishimoto, Keiko; Semi, Katsunori; Nakajima-Koyama, May; Kunitomi, Haruko; Kaswandy, Belinda; Sato, Hideyuki; Nakauchi, Hiromitsu; Woltjen, Knut; Saitou, Mitinori; Sasaki, Erika; Yamamoto, Takuya; Takashima, Yasuhiro
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作者：Mathew, Sarah
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
