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作者：Sheppard, BH; Sherman, DM
作者单位：Duke University
摘要：In this article we contend that trust can be conceptualized as four distinct and ordered forms-shallow dependence, shallow interdependence, deep dependence, and deep interdependence-determined by the nature of the interdependence between trusting parties. We argue that both the risks that trusting parties assume and the mechanisms for mitigating those risks emerge as a function of the form of interdependence in the relationship. By reviewing research in which trust is a central component, we i...
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作者：Dean, JW; Brandes, P; Dharwadkar, R
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：What is the nature of the extremely negative attitudes expressed by so many employees toward their organizations? To respond to this question, we introduce the concept of organizational cynicism. We review the literature from several disciplines on this concept and suggest that organizational cynicism is an attitude composed of beliefs, affect, and behavioral tendencies toward an organization. Following our review and conceptualization, we derive implications of this concept and propose a rese...
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作者：Becker, TE
作者单位：University of Delaware
摘要：In previous literature on employee selection, leadership, and organizational trust, scholars have identified integrity as a central aspect of work behavior. However, despite important contributions, their work often has confused integrity with other concepts (especially honesty and conscientiousness) and has treated integrity as either a morally neutral or relativistic phenomenon. The philosophy of Objectivism solves these problems by providing a definition of integrity that distinguishes the ...
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作者：O'Neill, HM; Pouder, RW; Buchholtz, AK
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Clemson University; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia
摘要：Firms often adopt strategies in spite of mixed evidence about the strategy's performance and of evidence that the strategy leads to inefficient outcomes. Here, we describe the conditions prompting the spread of inefficient strategies through a population of firms, as well as the characteristics of individual firms that affect their propensity to adopt efficient and inefficient strategies. We focus on one pattern that appears common to strategic adoptions: a pattern where the number of unsucces...
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作者：Moorman, C; Miner, AS
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：We define organizational improvisation as the degree to which the composition and execution of an action converge in time, and we examine the theoretical potential of this definition. We then propose that both organizational procedural memory (skill knowledge) and declarative memory (fact knowledge) moderate improvisation's impact on organizational outcomes in distinct ways. We also suggest that improvisation influences organizational memory by (1) generating experiments and (2) permitting the...
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作者：Bazerman, MH; Tenbrunsel, AE; Wade-Benzoni, K
作者单位：Northwestern University; University of Notre Dame
摘要：The field of organizational behavior includes the study of how individuals organize and manage conflict among themselves. Less visible has been the study of conflicts occurring within individuals. We propose that one form of intrapersonal conflict is the result of tension between what people want to do versus what they think they should do. We argue that this want/should distinction helps to explain the multiple-selves phenomenon and a recently discovered group of preference reversals noted in...
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作者：Brass, DJ; Butterfield, KD; Skaggs, BC
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Washington State University; University of Massachusetts System; University Massachusetts Dartmouth
摘要：Recent models of unethical behavior have begun to examine the combination of characteristics of individuals, issues, and organizations. We extend this examination by addressing a largely ignored perspective that focuses on the relationships among actors. Drawing on social network analysis, we generate propositions concerning types of relationships (strength, multiplexity, asymmetry, and status) and the structure of relationships (structural holes, centrality, and density). We also consider the...
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作者：Orlitzky, M; Jacobs, D
作者单位：University of Iowa; American University
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作者：Bigley, GA; Pearce, JL
作者单位：University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati; University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：We present a problem-centered organizing framework of trust, in which prominent conceptualizations of trust and distrust from the organizational and allied social sciences are categorized based on the questions they attempt to answer. The framework we outline here is intended to complement earlier typologies by suggesting alternative strategies for employing the diverse trust literature, identifying questions that could be profitably addressed through interdisciplinary research efforts, and di...
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作者：Cahill, DJ
