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作者：BARNUM, P; LIDEN, RC; DITOMASO, N
作者单位：Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick
摘要：The relation of age to pay rates for 197 Hispanic, black, and white nonmanagerial workers of both sexes was examined in two organizations. Disparity between the pay rates of women and minority group members, relative to white men, increased with age when organizational tenure, education, and skills were controlled.
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作者：WELBOURNE, TM; BALKIN, DB; GOMEZMEJIA, LR
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
摘要：This study examines the behavioral consequences of ''gainsharing'' using a theoretical framework that includes elements of agency and organizational justice theory. We propose that when gainsharing is used as a collective form of incentive alignment, mutual monitoring among employees is a direct function of procedural and distributive fairness. The hypothesis was supported in a quasi-experimental field study of 221 employees working for two firms, The implications of the study for future exten...
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作者：SHALLEY, CE
摘要：Social and contextual factors have been theorized to significantly influence creative performance. This research examined effects of three factors on individual creativity and productivity: coaction, expected evaluation, and goal setting. Study 1 indicated that high levels of creativity occurred when individuals worked alone, and productivity was high when they worked alone under no expectation of evaluation. Study 2 found the highest creativity occurred when individuals had a creativity goal ...
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作者：BECKER, TE; MARTIN, SL
摘要：Intentionally looking bad at work is a type of impression management in which employees purposefully attempt to convey unfavorable impressions. Drawing on the employment experiences of 162 individuals, we documented five forms of such behavior: decreasing performance, not working to potential, withdrawal, displaying a bad attitude, and broadcasting limitations. Motives for managing poor impressions were also documented. The management of poor impressions was discriminable from the management o...
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作者：BROWNING, LD; BEYER, JM; SHETLER, JC
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：This article presents the results of a grounded theory analysis of observation, interview, and archival data collected at SEMATECH, a research, development, and testing consortium in the semiconductor manufacturing industry. Three core categories of events and behaviors are described: (1) the factors underlying the consortium's early disorder and ambiguity, (2) the development of a moral community in which individuals and firms made contributions to the industry without regard for immediate an...
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作者：Bamberger, P; AdmatiDvir, M; Harel, G
摘要：Little is known about the degree to which unions protect women against gender-based wage and promotion discrimination, Data were collected for scientists and professionals in two matched firms, one unionized, one not. Similar overall patterns of discrimination emerged, with gender having no less of an impact on earnings and promotion in the unionized firm than in the nonunion firm. However, our results suggest that women in the unionized firm might have been less exposed to the negative earnin...
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作者：INGRAM, P; SIMONS, T
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：Whether and how organizations choose strategies that address pressures from both their exchange and the institutional environments has recently become a central question in organization theory. We used the National Organizations Study to replicate and extend Goodstein's application of Oliver's framework integrating resource dependence and institutional theories to explain organizational responsiveness to work-family issues. We found that organizations' responsiveness to work-family issues was ...
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作者：MEZNAR, MB; NIGH, D
作者单位：University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia
摘要：This article suggests corporate public affairs activities can be broken down into two types: activities that ''buffer'' from the social and political environment, and activities that ''bridge'' with that environment. Drawing on previous work related to contingency theory, resource dependence, and strategic management, we developed hypotheses concerning conditions under which firms will emphasize buffering, bridging, or both. The hypotheses were tested with data collected from large American fi...
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作者：GULATI, R
摘要：Exploring the factors that explain the choice of governance structures in interfirm alliances, this study challenges the use of a singular emphasis on transaction costs. Such an approach erroneously treats each transaction as independent and ignores the role of interfirm trust that emerges from repeated alliances between the same partners. Comprehensive multiindustry data on alliances made between 1970 and 1989 support the importance of such trust. Although support emerged for the transaction ...
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作者：MCALLISTER, DJ
摘要：This study addressed the nature and functioning of relationships of interpersonal trust among managers and professionals in organizations, the factors influencing trust's development, and the implications of trust for behavior and performance. Theoretical foundations were drawn from the sociological literature on trust and the social-psychological literature on trust in close relationships. An initial test of the proposed theoretical framework was conducted in a field setting with 194 managers...
