-
作者：Gemmo, Irina; Kubitza, Christian; Rothschild, Casey
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Bonn; Wellesley College
摘要：We prove the existence of the constrained efficient Miyazaki (1977)-Wilson (1977)-Spence (1978) equilibrium in competitive markets with adverse selection when the distribution of unobservable types is continuous. Our existence proof applies under extremely general assumptions about individual preferences. When we restrict preferences to have the widely-used-in-the-selection-markets-literature quasilinear form, we characterize the properties of this equilibrium by developing a simple and comput...
-
作者：Cage, Julia
作者单位：Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：This paper investigates the impact of increased media competition on the quantity and quality of news provided and, ultimately, on political participation. I build a new county-level panel dataset of local newspaper presence, newspapers' number of journalists, costs and revenues and political turnout in France, from 1944 to 2014. I estimate the effect of newspaper entry by comparing counties that experience entry to similar counties in the same years that do not. Both sets of counties exhibit ...
-
作者：Seg, Mariona
作者单位：Universite Paris Saclay
摘要：Vacancy is a common phenomenon across developed countries. Policymakers seek to reduce vacancy as it is seen as a challenge to housing affordability, especially in large cities. Taxing vacant housing is becoming a more popular tool among lawmakers, and yet this instrument has never been properly evaluated. This paper provides the first evaluation of a tax on vacant housing. First, I develop a model to understand the mechanisms of vacancy creation. Then, I use the quasi-experimental setting of ...
-
作者：Adams-Prassl, Abi; Boneva, Teodora; Golin, Marta; Rauh, Christopher
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Zurich; University of Cambridge
摘要：We present real time survey evidence from the UK, US and Germany showing that the immediate labor market impacts of Covid-19 differ considerably across countries. Employees in Germany, which has a well-established short-time work scheme, are substantially less likely to be affected by the crisis. Within countries, the impacts are highly unequal and exacerbate existing inequalities. Workers in alternative work arrangements and who can only do a small share of tasks from home are more likely to ...
-
作者：Fullerton, Don; Ta, Chi L.
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Improvements in energy efficiency reduce the cost of consuming services from household cars and appliances and can result in a positive rebound effect that offsets part of the direct energy savings. We use a general equilibrium model to derive analytical expressions that allow us to compare rebound effects from a costless technology shock (CTS) to those from a costly energy efficiency standard (EES). We decompose each total effect on the use of energy into a direct efficiency effect, direct re...
-
作者：Hansen, Benjamin; Miller, Keaton; Weber, Caroline
作者单位：University of Oregon; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Oregon; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Marijuana is partially prohibited: though banned federally, it is available to 1 in 4 US. adults under state statutes. We measure the size of the interstate trade generated by state-level differences in legal status with a natural experiment: Oregon allowed stores to sell marijuana for recreational use on October 1. 2015, next to Washington where stores had been selling recreational marijuana since July 2014. Using administrative data covering the universe of Washington's sales and a differenc...
-
作者：Figlio, David; Ozek, Umut
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; American Institutes for Research
摘要：In this study, we use microdata from 12 Florida county-level school districts to examine the effects of early grade retention on the short-, medium-, and long-term outcomes of English learners in a regression discontinuity design. We find that retention in the third grade coupled with instructional support substantially improves the English skills of these students, reducing the lime to proficiency by half and decreasing the likelihood of taking a remedial English course in middle school by on...
-
作者：Cox, James C.; Kreisman, Daniel; Dynarski, Susan
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Within five years of leaving school, 25% of student loan borrowers default on required minimum payments. These defaults are costly: they add to interest and penalties on loans and lower credit scores, which limits access to future credit and can adversely affect job prospects. We ask why so few student loan borrowers enroll in Income Driven Repayment (IDR) plans, which insure against default caused by low earnings. To do so we run an incentivized laboratory experiment using a facsimile of the ...
-
作者：Pattison, Nathaniel
作者单位：Southern Methodist University
摘要：Protections for defaulting debtors are a widely used form of consumption insurance. This paper evaluates the costs and benefits of this insurance, both inside and outside of bankruptcy. First, I show that consumption declines by 6% upon default, revealing a potential role for greater debtor protections to smooth consumption. Second, I use changes in states' laws to estimate the impact of one type of debtor protection, asset exemptions, on repayment in default and interest rates. While higher e...
-
作者：Bratu, Cristina; Dahlberg, Matz; Engdahl, Mattias; Nikolka, Till
作者单位：Aalto University; Uppsala University; Uppsala University; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：We provide evidence for the existence of spillover effects of national immigration policies by estimating the effect of stricter family reunification rules in Denmark on migration behavior. We reach three main conclusions. Using Danish register data, we first show that stricter rules for reunification led to a clear and significant increase in emigration of Danish citizens with immigrant background. Most of the emigrants left Denmark for Sweden, a neighboring country in which reunification was...
