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作者：Gonzalez, Robert; Komisarow, Sarah
作者单位：University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia; Duke University
摘要：This paper investigates the effect of community-based monitoring on crime in the context of a school safety initiative that employed community members tomonitor city blocks during students' travel to and fromschool. Although we find that total crime decreased by 17% relative to neighboring non-treated blocks, these main effects are not the complete story. We find evidence of treatment spillovers in blocks closest to treated areas, butwe also uncover cross-crime substitution within treated bloc...
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作者：Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
作者单位：University of Bergen; University of Warwick; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Do labor market concerns affect support for immigration? Using a large, representative sample of the US population, we first elicit beliefs about the labor market impact of immigration. To generate exogenous variation in beliefs, we then provide respondents in the treatment group with research evidence showing no adverse labor market impacts of immigration. Treated respondents update their beliefs and become more supportive of immigration, as measured by self-reported policy views and petition...
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作者：Ge, Yanbo; Knittel, Christopher R.; MacKenzie, Don; Zoepf, Stephen
作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); National Renewable Energy Laboratory - USA; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Stanford University
摘要：In a randomized audit study, we sent passengers in Boston, MA on nearly 1000 rides on controlled routes using the Uber and Lyft smartphone apps, recording key performance metrics. Passengers randomly selected between accounts that used African American-sounding and white-sounding names. We find that the probability an Uber driver accepts a ride, sees the name, and then cancels doubles when passengers used the account attached to the African American-sounding name. In contrast, Lyft drivers obs...
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作者：Eika, Lasse; Mogstad, Magne; Vestad, Ola L.
作者单位：Statistics Norway; University of Chicago
摘要：A major difficulty faced by researchers who want to study the consumption and savings behavior of households is the lack of reliable panel data on household expenditures. One possibility is to use surveys that follow the same households over time, but such data are rare and they typically have small sample sizes and face significant measurement issues. An alternative approach is to use the accounting identity that total household spending is equal to income plus capital gains minus the change ...
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作者：Erixson, Oscar; Escobar, Sebastian
作者单位：Uppsala University; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)
摘要：We estimate the extent of inheritance tax avoidance among married decedents in Sweden. Following Kopczuk (2007), we compare estates of decedents who pass away from terminal illness and those of decedents who pass away suddenly, the assumption being that the onset of terminal illness triggers planning. Extending on Kopczuk (2007), we also use exogenous variation in the incentives for tax planning created by an inheritance tax repeal in Sweden, which allows us to account for factors related to i...
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作者：Frimmel, Wolfgang; Pruckner, Gerald J.
作者单位：Johannes Kepler University Linz
摘要：Pension systems and reforms thereof are often discussed in the context of financial viability. In industrialized countries, these debates grow in intensity with the aging of the population; however, an increase in the retirement age may create unintended side effects with regard to retirees' health or healthcare costs. This study empirically analyzes the effect of (early) retirement on individual inpatient and outpatient healthcare utilization in Austria. We use comprehensive labor market and ...
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作者：Kindermann, Fabian; Mayr, Lukas; Sachs, Dominik
作者单位：University of Regensburg; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Tilburg University; University of Essex; University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：The taxation of bequests can have a positive impact on the labor supply of heirs through wealth effects. This leads to an increase in labor income tax revenue on top of direct bequest tax revenue. We first show in a theoretical model that a simple back-of-the-envelope calculation, based on existing estimates for the reduction in earnings after wealth transfers, fails: the marginal propensity to earn out of unearned income is not a sufficient statistic for the calculation of this effect because...
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作者：Gelman, Michael; Kariv, Shachar; Shapiro, Matthew D.; Silverman, Dan; Tadelis, Steven
作者单位：Claremont Colleges; Claremont McKenna College; Claremont Graduate University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Using comprehensive account records, this paper examines how individuals adjusted spending and saving in response to a temporary drop in liquidity due to the 2013 U.S. government shutdown. The shutdown cut paychecks by 40% for affected employees, which was recovered within 2 weeks. Because the shutdown affected only the timing of payments, it provides a distinctive experiment allowing estimates of the response to a liquidity shock holding income constant. Spending dropped sharply, implying a n...
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作者：Gallego, Francisco A.; Malamud, Ofer; Pop-Eleches, Cristian
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Columbia University
摘要：This paper explores the role of parental information and control on children's internet use in Chile. We designed and implemented a randomized experiment whereby 7700 parents were sent weekly SMSs messages that (i) provided specific information about their children's internet use, and/or (ii) offered assistance with the installation of parental control software. We find that providing parents with specific information changes parenting behavior and reduces children's internet use by 6-10%. Evi...
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作者：Albouy, David; Christensen, Peter; Sarmiento-Barbieri, Ignacio
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Public goods may exhibit complementarities that are essential for determining their individual value. Our results indicate that improving safety near parks can turn them from public bads to goods. Ignoring complementarities may lead to i) undervaluing the potential value of public goods: ii) overestimating heterogeneity in preferences: and iii) understating the value of public goods to minority households. Recent reductions in crime have unlocked almost $7 billion in property value in Chicago,...
