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作者：BILODEAU, M
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：If individuals are free to direct their gifts to any charity, why would they contribute instead to an institution like the United Way that may not disburse their donations as they would have themselves? It is shown that 'contributing only to the United Fund' can be a Subgame Perfect Equilibrium, if the Fund plays after everyone else and is able to offset direct contributions. However, donations to a United Fund may be lower than direct contributions would have been, so that an optimal grants p...
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作者：THISSE, JF; WILDASIN, DE
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; heSam Universite; Universite Pantheon-Sorbonne
摘要：We consider a model in which the location of a single public facility is fixed somewhere in an urban area. There are two firms that choose locations; the locations of households, competing for space in the land market, are also endogenous. The analysis examines the nature of the spatial equilibrium and shows that different kinds of equilibria can emerge depending on the parameters of the model. The welfare implications of changes in transportation cost and the location of the public facility a...
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作者：NISHIMURA, K; ZHANG, JS
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario); Kyoto University; Australian National University
摘要：Veall's (1986) model of public pensions is generalized to allow for endogenous fertility. We show that gifts to the old, which can be viewed as social security contributions, are always positive in the steady state. An optimal stationary allocation is sustainable if savings are zero and fertility is exogenous. However, the optimal allocation is in general not sustainable. In particular, if a government enforces a social security plan setting the pension level at the optimal gifts and individua...
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作者：WILSON, LS
作者单位：University of Alberta; University of Essex
摘要：Those familiar with Kenya since independence will know of the importance of the Harambee system. The term Harambee has come to mean the provision of goods, usually social infrastructure, through the voluntary cooperation of members of the community. Provision of public goods in this way is an important alternative to the more normal method, provision through tax finance. Here we compare these two methods of provision with a view towards determining, first, the circumstances under which Harambe...
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作者：ANDERSON, JE; YOUNG, L
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：We characterize the time profile of the optimal consumption tax in a small open economy under foreseen fluctuations in the taste for current consumption, productivity, or external interest rates. We give conditions for the efficient tax to be lowered or raised when productivity rises. Taste fluctuations are parameterized to be equivalent to effective consumption price fluctuations. We give conditions under which the optimal tax rises or falls with the effective price. In contrast, the optimal ...
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作者：RONEN, J
摘要：This paper revisits the transfer pricing scheme proposed by J. Ronen in 1974 (Journal of Public Economics 3, 71-82) and the controversy it gave rise to (T. Groves and M. Loeb, Journal of Public Economics 5, 353 359). The latter suggested that through centralized decisions on commodity transfers, problems they point out in Ronen's decenralized scheme could be alleviated. I establish here that under the Ronen scheme, decentralized divisions within a firm or firms which exchange externalities wit...
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作者：FORTIN, B; LANOIE, P
作者单位：Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal; Universite de Montreal
摘要：This paper extends the literature on post-injury duration of absence from work by developing a model that incorporates substitution between unemployment insurance benefits and workers' compensation. A theoretical analysis is presented in which the worker maximizes expected utility over four possible states of nature. The model is tested empirically using pooled cross-section and time-series data at the two-digit industry level. The main findings support the predictions of the model: an increas...
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作者：KARP, L; LIVERNOIS, J
作者单位：University of Southampton; University of Guelph
摘要：The problem of using taxes to induce a monopolist supplier of a non-renewable resource to extract efficiently has been solved under the assumption that the government has perfect information about the monopolist's cost function and reserves and is able to precommit to an entire sequence of taxes over time. We extend this literature by constructing an efficiency-inducing tax mechanism that does not require the government to have any information about the cost function or reserves and which does...
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作者：HARRINGTON, JE
摘要：This paper shows that a party can credibly establish a platform more moderate than the ideology of its members and thereby raise the probability that the party's nominee wins the election. A lame duck incumbent optimally implements his party's platform in order to maintain his party's reputation for having a moderate platform. This increases the likelihood that his party retains power. When candidates credibly locate themselves in policy space via this mechanism, we show that if candidates are...
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作者：GANDERTON, PT
摘要：It is possible that government subsidies to higher education, disbursed in kind, can produce the anomalous result of reducing the consumption of the good being subsidized. In this paper, I employ individual and college data to estimate the effect of such subsidies on students' choices of college quality. Empirical estimates from a switching regression model with correction for the joint decisions to apply to college and choose the public or private sector are presented. Predictions from the mo...
