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作者：Poterba, J
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：This paper describes the current estate and gift tax rules that apply to intergenerational transfers in the US. It summarizes the incentives for inter vivos giving, gifts from a donor to a recipient while the donor is alive, as a strategy for reducing estate tax liability. It shows that the current level of intergenerational transfers is much lower than the level that would be implied by simple models of dynastic utility maximization. Moreover, even among elderly households with net worth in e...
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作者：Mitsui, K; Sato, M
作者单位：Hitotsubashi University
摘要：This paper examines regional population distribution when there is an interregional transfer policy without commitment. We introduce explicitly the following time structure of actions. Individuals assumed to be identical make decisions on locational choices freely ex ante, but are immobile ex post. The fiscal policies of the local governments and the central government are implemented after individuals' migration decisions. The basic result is that locally stable no-conunitment equilibria are ...
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作者：Wolfe, B; Wilson, K; Haveman, R
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University System of Ohio; Kent State University; Kent State University Salem; Kent State University Kent; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：In this paper, we explore whether behaviors of youths that are likely to result in a teen nonmarital birth event are influenced by their expectations of the net economic benefits or costs associated with the occurrence of such a birth. We posit and find that an increase in the perceived costs associated with the occurrence of a nonmarital birth would lead to a reduction in these risky behaviors, and to a lower probability of a nonmarital birth event. We represent these economic incentives by t...
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作者：Ueng, KLG; Yang, CC
作者单位：Academia Sinica - Taiwan; National Chi Nan University
摘要：Chu [Journal of Public Economics, 41 (1990) 319-333] proposes a tax scheme called FATOTA, under which taxpayers are given the choice between paying a fixed amount of taxes and thus being exempted from tax audit, or paying only what taxpayers claim they owe and being subject to tax audits for possible evasion. In this paper we extend Chu's finding with regard to the Pareto-improving property of FATOTA to a more general setting, including nonlinear tax/penalty schedules, complicated audit rules,...
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作者：Andreoni, J; Levinson, A
作者单位：Georgetown University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Evidence suggests that some pollutants follow an inverse-U-shaped pattern relative to countries' incomes, a relationship that has been called an 'environmental Kuznets curve'. We present a simple and straight-forward static model of the microfoundations of this relationship, in which the curve depends on increasing returns in the technological link between consumption of a desired good and abatement of its undesirable byproduct. The curve does not depend on the dynamics of growth, political in...
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作者：Bradbury, KL; Mayer, CJ; Case, KE
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Boston; Wellesley College
摘要：This paper examines the impact of a specific property tax limit, Proposition 2 1/2 in Massachusetts, on the fiscal behavior of cities and towns in Massachusetts and the capitalization of that behavior into property values. Proposition 2 1/2 places a cap on the effective property tax rate at 2.5% and limits nominal annual growth in property tax revenues to 2.5%, unless residents pass a referendum allowing a greater increase. The study analyzes the 1990-1994 period, a time when Massachusetts mun...
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作者：Mayeres, I; Proost, S
作者单位：KU Leuven
摘要：The paper examines welfare improving revenue neutral marginal policy reforms for an economy with non-identical individuals and an externality with a feedback on the consumption of taxed commodities. The instruments considered are: indirect taxes, the uniform poll transfer and public abatement. This extends the framework of Ahmad and Stern [Journal of Public Economics, 25 (1984) 259-298], Bovenberg and de Mooij [American Economic Review, 84 (1994) 1085-1089] and Schob [Oxford Economic Papers 48...
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作者：Romano, R; Yildirim, H
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida
摘要：Charities frequently announce contributions of donors as they accrue. Doing so induces donors to play a sequential-move rather than simultaneous-move game. We examine the conditions under which a charity prefers such sequential play. It is known that if donors only value contributions through their effect on the total provision of a public good, then the charity will not announce contributions sequentially. However, with more general utility functions that include additional effects such as wa...
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作者：Gerlagh, R; Keyzer, MA
作者单位：Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
摘要：The paper describes an OLG economy with a single exhaustible resource that has amenity value. The steady states of this economy form a continuum, implying path-dependency. We compare three policy scenarios; first, a 'zero extraction' policy of enforced conservation that avoids environmental degradation, possibly at the expense of intertemporal efficiency. Second, a 'grandfathering' policy that endows the present generations with all resources, and that ensures efficiency but cannot prevent a p...
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作者：Arrondel, L; Laferrère, A
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：This paper studies inter-vivos transfers and bequests in France and their relation to the French inheritance law and taxation using administrative records and a national households survey. Transmission behavior is highly responsive to changes in the fiscal system: inter-vivos gifts increased after a 1992 law made them partly tax-free. Moreover, the probability of giving to children is greater (ceteris paribus) if parents' wealth is taxable. For children, the probability of receiving a gift ove...
