-
作者：Bettinger, Eric; Slonim, Robert
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Economic research examining how educational intervention programs affect primary and secondary schooling focuses largely on test scores although the interventions can affect many other outcomes. This paper examines how an educational intervention, a voucher program, affected students' altruism. The voucher program used a lottery to allocate scholarships among low-income applicant families with children in K-8th grade. By exploiting the lottery to identify the voucher effects, and using experim...
-
作者：Bennedsen, M; Feldmann, SE
作者单位：Northwestern University; Copenhagen Business School
摘要：Interest groups can potentially influence political decision-makers by offering contributions and by providing relevant information that sways the decision in the group's favor. What mix of these two instruments should an interest group choose, and how does the use of one instrument affect the effectiveness of the other? In this paper we identify an information externality that raises the cost of offering contributions and show that this indirect search cost reduces the group's incentive to ga...
-
作者：Diamond, P
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Tax-favored contributions for financing some public goods may be a useful part of optimal nonlinear income tax and expenditure policy. There are two sides to the potential gain from subsidized donations. First, for a given level of public good provision, higher private donations from high earners than low earners eases the incentive compatibility constraint for donors and so can raise social welfare. This follows since considering a lower-paid job includes a perception of a drop in public good...
-
作者：Fearon, G; Busch, LA
作者单位：York University - Canada; University of Waterloo
摘要：This paper investigates the impact of a ministry's budget size on the choice between auditing a (Niskanen)bureau and employing competitive bidding in the provision of a publicly funded good. The ministry's marginal expected payoff increases fastest with budget size for auctioning as opposed to auditing. However, the ministry is shown to switch from a purely public provision to a competitive provision as the budget size increases even if expected fixed costs favor the audit. The study contribut...
-
作者：Petrucci, A
作者单位：University of Molise; Luiss Guido Carli University
摘要：This paper analyzes the effects of a land rent tax on capital fort-nation and foreign investment in a life-cycle small open economy with endogenous labor-leisure choices. The consequences of land taxation critically depend on how the tax proceeds are used by the government. A land tax depresses capital formation, crowds out foreign investment and increases national wealth and consumption when the land tax revenues are distributed as lump-sum payments. If the proceeds from land taxation are use...
-
作者：Brunetti, Michael J.
摘要：This paper uses data from San Francisco probate records to estimate if, and to what extent, the estate tax forces the sale of family businesses and farms; this question cannot be addressed with estate tax return data. Farmers and small business owners frequently complain that the estate tax makes it difficult to pass their operations on to their heirs. If there are insufficient liquid assets in the entrepreneur's estate, the heirs may be forced to sell the enterprise in order to pay the estate...
-
作者：Fleurbaey, Marc
作者单位：Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：In a model where agents have unequal skills and heterogeneous preferences about consumption goods and leisure, this paper studies how to combine commodity taxes and non-linear income tax. It proposes a particular social welfare function on the basis of fairness principles. It then derives a simple criterion for evaluating the social welfare consequences of various tax schedules. Under the proposed approach, the optimal tax should have no commodity tax for some range of consumptions, and income...
-
作者：Gravel, Nicolas; Poitevin, Michel
作者单位：Universite de Montreal; Universite de Montreal
摘要：We investigate the conditions under which an inequality averse and additively separable welfarist central government would choose to set up a progressive equalization payments scheme in a federation with local public goods. A progressive equalization payments scheme is a list of per capita net (possibly negative) subsidies - one such net subsidy for every jurisdiction - that are decreasing with respect to jurisdictions per capita wealth. We examine this question in a setting where the case for...
-
作者：Echevarria, Cruz A.; Iza, Amaia
摘要：We analyze the effects of changes in the mortality rate upon life expectancy, education, retirement age, human capital and growth in the presence of social security. We build a vintage growth, overlapping generations model in which individuals choose the length of education and the age of retirement, and where unfunded social security pensions depend on workers' past contributions. Social security has a positive effect on education, but pension benefits favor reductions in retirement age. The ...
-
作者：Gaube, Thomas
作者单位：Max Planck Society
摘要：In this paper, an economy is analyzed where one group of agents, the altruists, cares about the wellbeing of another group of agents, the recipients. it is asked how changes in the size of these groups affect the altruists' charitable giving in the Nash equilibrium. I show that a pure group size effect, i.e., a proportional expansion of both subgroups can lead to less free riding and to a lower degree of underprovision relative to the efficient level of charitable giving. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V...
