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作者：Coen-Pirani, Daniele
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：The evolution of education spending in California has received plenty of attention from both academics and practitioners after this state's education finance reform in the 1970's. This paper quantifies the contribution of immigration to the relative decline in elementary and secondary public education spending per student in California in the period 1970-2000. A quantitative model of school choice and voting over public education is used to perform the counterfactual experiments of interest. T...
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作者：Cremer, Helmuth; Gahvari, Firouz; Pestieau, Pierre
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; Institut Universitaire de France; University of Liege
摘要：This paper provides a unified treatment of externalities associated with fertility and human capital accumulation within pay-as-you-go pension systems. It considers an overlapping generations model in which every generation consists of high earners and low earners with the proportion of types being determined endogenously. The number of children is deterministically chosen but the children's future ability is in part stochastic, in part determined by the family background, and in part through ...
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作者：Olsen, Trond E.; Osmundsen, Petter
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Universitetet i Stavanger
摘要：We analyze tax competition when a multinational firm has invested in two countries but also has an outside option, e.g., towards a third country. An interesting finding is that more attractive outside options for firms may constitute a win-win situation; the firm as well as its present host countries may gain when this occurs. The reason that it benefits the host countries is that an enhanced outside option reduces the inefficiencies of tax competition. An implication of the result is that bet...
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作者：Ellingsen, Tore; Johannesson, Magnus
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：We develop a simple model of generous behavior. It is based on the premise that some people are generous, but everyone wants to appear generous-especially in the eyes of other generous people. Although non-monetary donations are always inefficient, they frequently occur in equilibrium because they facilitate signaling. The model helps to explain the prevalence of volunteering, the nature of Christmas gifts, and the taboo against paying cash in return for friendly favors. Finally, and perhaps m...
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作者：Marion, Justin; Muehlegger, Erich
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Harvard University
摘要：The incidence of taxes on consumers and producers plays a central role in evaluating energy tax policy, yet the literature testing the main predictions of the tax incidence model is sparse. In this paper, we examine the pass-through rate of state gasoline and diesel taxes to retail prices, and importantly we estimate the dependence of pass-through on factors constraining the gasoline and diesel supply chains. We consider several factors that alter the elasticity of supply, including within sta...
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作者：Buchholz, Wolfgang; Cornes, Richard; Ruebbelke, Dirk
作者单位：Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3); University of Regensburg; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Australian National University; Basque Foundation for Science
摘要：If the equilibrium generated by a matching mechanism is to be the desired Pareto optimal outcome, it is necessary for every player to be at an interior solution at that equilibrium. Using the aggregative game approach developed by Comes and Hartley (2003, 2007), this paper analyzes the conditions under which matching mechanisms in a public good economy lead to interior matching equilibria at which all agents make strictly positive flat contributions to the public good. In particular, we show t...
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作者：Breman, Anna
作者单位：University of Arizona
摘要：This paper conducts two natural field experiments to test inter-temporal choices in charitable giving by varying the timing of commitment and payment. Monthly donors were asked to increase their contributions (1) immediately, (2) in one month, (3) in two months. The results are consistent between the two field experiments; first, mean increases in donations are significantly higher when donors are asked to commit to future donations. Second, follow-up data shows that the treatment effect is pe...
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作者：Arcidiacono, Peter; Khan, Shakeeb; Vigdor, Jacob L.
摘要：Given the existence of non-selective universities, the question of whether to employ racial preferences in college admissions reduces to one of optimal allocation of a finite resource: students who are members of under-represented racial or ethnic groups. In this paper, we assess recent legal arguments that racial preferences at selective colleges promote meaningful on-campus interracial interaction. As such, we model such interaction as a function of minority representation and, in some cases...
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作者：Decreuse, Bruno; van Ypersele, Tanguy
作者单位：Aix-Marseille Universite
摘要：Controlling for country fixed effects, there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between the degree of housing market regulation (HMR) and the strictness of employment protection legislation (EPL) in OECD countries. We provide a model in which HMR increases foreclosure costs in case of mortgage default, while EPL raises the administrative cost of dismissal. Owing to banks' lending behavior, individuals' demand for job protection increases with the cost of foreclosure. We u...
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作者：Hahn, Volker
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：We introduce the notion of verifiable information into a model of sequential debate among experts who are motivated by career concerns. We show that self-censorship may hamper the efficiency of information aggregation, as experts withhold evidence contradicting the conventional wisdom. In this case, silence is telling and undermines the prevailing view over time if this view is incorrect. As a result, withholding arguments about the correct state of the world is only a temporary phenomenon, an...
