Journal of Public Economics

最新文章

• The effect of capital gains taxation on home sales: Evidence from the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 AI翻译
  作者：Shan, Hui
  作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
  摘要：The Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 (TRA97) significantly changed the tax treatment of housing capital gains in the United States. Before 1997, homeowners were subject to capital gains taxation when they sold their houses unless they purchased replacement homes of equal or greater value. Since 1997, homeowners can exclude capital gains of $500,000 (or $250,000 for single filers) when they sell their houses. Such dramatic changes provide a good opportunity to study the lock-in effect of capital gai...
• Redistribution in a model of voting and campaign contributions AI翻译
  作者：Campante, Filipe R.
  作者单位：Harvard University
  摘要：I propose a framework in which individual political participation can take two distinct forms, voting and contributing resources to campaigns, in a context in which the negligible impact of any individual's actions on aggregate outcomes is fully recognized by all agents. I then use the framework to reassess the relationship between inequality and redistribution. The model shows that, even though each contribution has a negligible impact, the interaction between contributions and voting leads t...
• Constrained after college: Student loans and early-career occupational choices AI翻译
  作者：Rothstein, Jesse; Rouse, Cecilia Elena
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：In the early 2000s, a highly selective university introduced a no-loans policy under which the loan component of financial aid awards was replaced with grants. We use this natural experiment to identify the causal effect of student debt on employment outcomes. In the standard life-cycle model, young people make optimal educational investment decisions if they are able to finance these investments by borrowing against future earnings; the presence of debt has only income effects on investment d...
• Are we taxing ourselves? How deliberation and experience shape voting on taxes AI翻译
  作者：Sausgruber, Rupert; Tyran, Jean-Robert
  作者单位：University of Vienna; University of Innsbruck; University of Copenhagen
  摘要：We let consumers vote on tax regimes in experimental markets. We test if taxes on sellers are more popular than taxes on consumers, i.e. on voters themselves, even if taxes on sellers are inefficiently high. Taxes on sellers are more popular if voters underestimate the extent of tax-shifting in the market. We show that inexperienced voters are prone to such a tax-shifting bias, that experience is an effective de-biasing mechanism, but that pre-vote deliberation about tax regimes makes initiall...
• Entrepreneurship, firm entry, and the taxation of corporate income: Evidence from Europe AI翻译
  作者：Da Rin, Marco; Di Giacomo, Marina; Sembenelli, Alessandro
  作者单位：Tilburg University; University of Turin
  摘要：Can tax policy foster the creation of new companies? To answer this question, we assemble a novel country-industry level panel database with data on entry (by incorporation) for 17 European countries between 1997 and 2004. Our analysis is based on recent models of how corporate taxation affects firm's incorporation decision. We compute effective average tax rates and study how the taxation of corporate income affects entry rates at the country-industry level. Drawing on the political economy l...
• Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement AI翻译
  作者：Alkire, Sabina; Foster, James
  作者单位：George Washington University; University of Oxford
  摘要：This paper proposes a new methodology for multidimensional poverty measurement consisting of an identification method rho(k) that extends the traditional intersection and union approaches, and a class of poverty measures M-alpha. Our identification step employs two forms of cutoff: one within each dimension to determine whether a person is deprived in that dimension, and a second across dimensions that identifies the poor by 'counting' the dimensions in which a person is deprived. The aggregat...
• Pay for politicians and candidate selection: An empirical analysis AI翻译
  作者：Kotakorpi, Kaisa; Poutvaara, Panu
  作者单位：Tampere University; University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
  摘要：A growing theoretical literature on the effect of politicians' salaries on the average level of skills of political candidates yields ambiguous predictions. In this paper, we estimate the effect of pay for politicians on the level of education of parliamentary candidates. We take advantage of an exceptional reform where the salaries of Finnish MPs were increased by 35% in the year 2000, intended to make the pay for parliamentarians more competitive. A difference-in-differences analysis, using ...
• Do fairness and race matter in generosity? Evidence from a nationally representative charity experiment AI翻译
  作者：Fong, Christina M.; Luttmer, Erzo F. P.
  作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Dartmouth College
  摘要：We present a dictator game experiment where the recipients are local charities that serve the poor. Donors consist of approximately 1000 participants from a nationally representative sample. We manipulate the perceived worthiness and race of the charities' recipients with an audiovisual presentation. Respondents then decide how much to give to the charities and report their perceptions of recipient worthiness and racial composition. We have four main findings. First, treatments describing reci...
• The short-term mortality consequences of income receipt AI翻译
  作者：Evans, William N.; Moore, Timothy J.
  作者单位：University of Notre Dame; National Bureau of Economic Research; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
  摘要：Researchers and retailers have documented that consumption declines before the receipt of income, and then rises afterwards. In this paper, we identify a related phenomenon, where mortality rises immediately after income receipt. We find that mortality increases following the arrival of monthly Social Security payments, regular wage payments for military personnel, the 2001 tax rebates, and Alaska Permanent Fund dividend payments. The increase in short-run mortality is large, and occurs for ma...
• Optimal tax and transfer programs for couples with extensive labor supply responses AI翻译
  作者：Immervoll, Herwig; Kleven, Henrik Jacobsen; Kreiner, Claus Thustrup; Verdelin, Nicolaj
  作者单位：University of Essex; Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD); University of Essex; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Copenhagen
  摘要：This paper analyzes the optimal design of general nonlinear tax-transfer schedules for couples under unitary and collective approaches to family decision making. We consider a double-extensive model of labor supply where each spouse makes a labor force participation choice for given hours of work. We present simple and intuitive optimal tax rules that generalize existing findings on the optimal taxation of single-person households with extensive responses (Saez, 2002) to the case of two-person...