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作者：Johnson, RW
摘要：This article develops a model, with deferred compensation and severance pay, that predicts that workers bear all the costs and receive all the returns of human capital investments and that specific investments yield higher returns than general investments. This model also predicts that pensions, which efficiently defer compensation, will be positively related to specific investments. Evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Older Men confirms these predictions; participation in compan...
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作者：Brewer, DJ
摘要：Conventional models predict that workers consider employment opportunities and monetary rewards expected over their lifetimes when making current period decisions such as whether to quit a job. This article tests the hypothesis that later career opportunities affect quit decisions by examining the relationship between teaching and school administration. Evidence on the extent to which administrative positions are available to teachers, and the salary premia associated with them, is presented. ...
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作者：Meyer, BD
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article analyzes an experimental program that offered payments to unemployment insurance (UI) recipients who found a job quickly. The experiment provided exogenous differences in individual incentives which I use to test labor supply and search theories of unemployment. I examine predictions about the timing of exits from unemployment and the effect of the fixed-amount bonus on different wage level groups. I also argue that the experimental evidence does not show the desirability of a per...
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作者：Abraham, KG; Taylor, SK
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：A firm's decision to contract out for business support services may be influenced by the wage and benefit savings it could realize, the volatility of its output demand, and the availability of specialized skills possessed by the outside contractor. Analysis of newly available establishment-level data shows that all three of these factors help to explain observed contracting behavior. The reported empirical findings are relevant both for understanding the recent growth in business support servi...
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作者：Swinnerton, KA
摘要：This article analyzes a minimum wage in a market with imperfect information and job search. It establishes that employment effects of a minimum wage do not generally indicate welfare effects. It shows that researchers interested in welfare consequences should ask two questions. First, is the existing minimum wage binding? Second, do some firms that would be bound by a new minimum wage presently experience labor shortages? If the answers to these questions are no and lies, respectively, this ar...
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作者：Boeri, T
摘要：In recent years several models have been developed in an attempt to explain countercyclical movements of job turnover, the sum of gross job creation and destruction rates. However, only in the United States is a negative and statistically significant correlation between job turnover and employment growth actually observed. In the other countries studied, job turnover is either acyclical or mildly procyclical. Rather than being associated with the greater flexibility of the United States compar...
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作者：Thomas, JM
摘要：Using Canadian data, I investigate the relationships among sectoral mobility, unemployment spells, and total unemployment. Recent North American evidence suggests that incidence shifts toward high wage-high tenure workers may increase equilibrium unemployment through decreasing sectoral mobility and increasing spells. Using a multiple spell transition model, I find that, while shifts toward such workers may have these effects, composition changes that lead to higher mobility can also increase ...
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作者：Carrington, WJ; McCue, K; Pierce, B
作者单位：United States Department of Labor
摘要：Self-employed workers are less likely to be affected by implicit contracts, efficiency wages, and other forces that mute wage cyclicality and exacerbate employment cyclicality. This observation motivates our comparison of the cyclical experience of the self-employed with ''wage and salary'' workers who clearly have an employer. We find negligible or small differences in annual hours cyclicality between the two groups, but hourly wages and annual earnings are much more cyclical for the self-emp...
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作者：Belzil, C
作者单位：Aarhus University
摘要：A model of employed and unemployed job search is estimated from a panel of new entrants into the labor force as well as prime-age workers. After investigating the relative efficiency of the two main search methods within a representative agent framework, I estimate the model under a specification that encompasses comparative advantages using the quit/layoff distinction and pretransition earnings. Overall, the data indicate that unemployed search is slightly more effective for younger workers a...
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作者：BARTEL, AP
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：A unique dataset collected from the personnel records of a large company is used to study the relationship between on-the-job training and worker productivity. The analysis shows how information contained in a company database is useful for eliminating heterogeneity bias in the estimation of training's impact on wages and job performance. Even when selection bias in assignment to training programs is eliminated, training is found to have a positive and significant effect on both wage growth an...
