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作者：van de Klundert, T; Smulders, S
作者单位：Tilburg University; Tilburg University
摘要：History shows that rich countries may lose their productivity advantage by changing to a rentier economy with large investments abroad. In our two-country two-sector model with firm-specific knowledge and perfect international capital markets, the initially most productive country is being overtaken by the initially backward country. The two countries share the same structural parameters but have different initial knowledge stocks. The larger the initial productivity gap is, the larger is the ...
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作者：Baldwin, RE; Ottaviano, GIP
作者单位：Bocconi University
摘要：Global patterns of FDI and trade are remarkably similar, yet mainstay theory has them as substitutes. We posit a model where multiproduct, final-goods firms simultaneously engage in intraindustry FDI and intraindustry trade. The logic behind this two-way FDI is analogous to that of two-way trade in the Brander-Krugman reciprocal-dumping model. Namely, multiproduct firms use tmde costs to reduce inter-variety competition by placing production of some varieties abroad. Since the varieties are di...
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作者：Bergin, PR; Feenstra, RC
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper explores an explanation for the high degree of persistence and volatility observed in real exchange rate data. In particular, it considers a class of preferences that are translogin Form, which exhibit the property that the elasticity of demand is not constant. This property is shown to he important for generating pricing-to-market behavior in price-setting firms and for helping staggered contracts to generate endogenous persistence. The paper finds that translog preferences generat...
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作者：Yang, GF; Maskus, KE
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：We develop a dynamic general-equilibrium model of the product cycle to study the effects of stronger intellectual property rights (IPRs) in the South on the incentives of firms in the North to innovate and to License advanced technologies. Innovation and licensing are random processes requiring resources. Stronger IPRs increase the licensor's share of rents and reduce the costs of licensing contracts. Thus, the returns to both licensing and innovation would rise while additional resources woul...
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作者：Gandal, N; Shy, O
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; University of Haifa
摘要：We analyze governments' incentives to recognize foreign standards when there are potentially both network effects and conversion costs. When government policy is limited to either recognizing all foreign standards or not recognizing any foreign standard, recognition is always the outcome. We then consider a setting in which countries can form standardization unions. When conversion costs are relatively large, two countries can increase their welfare by forming a standardization union that does...
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作者：Bacchetta, P
作者单位：Study Center Gerzensee
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作者：Aw, BY; Batra, G; Roberts, MJ
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; The World Bank; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper uses firm-level data to determine if there are systematic differences in the export and domestic prices charged by Taiwanese electronics producers. The analysis exploits new micro data that allow us to measure firm-level prices in both the domestic and export market for each of 30 disaggregated products in 1986 and 24 products in 1991. We find a substantial difference in the average domestic and export price of most products but trace much of the difference to heterogeneity in price...
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作者：Manasse, P; Turrini, A
作者单位：Bocconi University; University of Milano-Bicocca; University of Bergamo
摘要：We study the effects of 'globalization' on income inequality in an economy where sellers with higher skills enjoy larger market shares and higher earnings. In our 'global' economy: (a) innovations in production and communication technologies enable suppliers to reach a larger mass of consumers and to improve the (perceived) quality of their products, and (b) trade barriers fall. When transport costs fall, income is redistributed away from the non-exporting to the exporting sector of the econom...
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作者：Horn, H; Persson, L
作者单位：Stockholm University; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)
摘要：Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) is the dominant form of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), but has only received scarce attention in the theory literature on trade and investment. This paper highlights how the international pattern of ownership of productive assets may depend on features of trade and production costs. It suggests how high trade costs may be conducive to national ownership of assets, while international firms may arise at lower trade costs, contrary to what the 'tariff jumping' ar...
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作者：Loisel, O; Martin, P
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole des Ponts ParisTech; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We present a micro-founded model where governments have an incentive to devalue to increase the national market share in a monopolistically competitive sector. Currency crises generated by self-fulfilling expectations are possible because workers demand high wages when they expect a devaluation. This decreases the competitiveness and profits of national firms and induces the government to devalue. We show that the more important trade competition, the more likely self-fulfilling speculative cr...
