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作者：Anis, AH; Benarroch, M; Wen, Q
作者单位：University of Winnipeg; St. Paul's Hospital; University of British Columbia; Vanderbilt University
摘要：This paper examines the strategic behavior of two countries in a duopoly exit game with declining demand in the export market. We consider whether countries have a strategic rational to maintain, rather than unilaterally or jointly reduce, their subsidies. Conditions under which persistent subsidization is justified from a national perspective are derived. By maintaining subsidies one country can gain a strategic advantage by forcing its rival to exit earlier. An outcome where only one country...
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作者：Gervais, JP; Lapan, HE
作者单位：Iowa State University; Laval University; Laval University
摘要：We investigate the strategic behavior between exporting countries that face endogenous terms of trade on the world market. In a non-cooperative setting, if production decisions occur before consumption decisions, the ex-ante optimal export quota is not time consistent as the ex-post elasticity of the residual foreign import demand curve is lower than the ex-ante elasticity. However, we show that the exporters' inability to irrevocably commit to their quota may be welfare superior to the precom...
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作者：Glass, AJ; Saggi, K
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Southern Methodist University
摘要：This paper develops a product cycle model with endogenous innovation, imitation, and foreign direct investment (FDI). We use this model to determine how stronger intellectual property rights (IPR) protection in the South affects innovation, imitation and FDI. We find that stronger IPR protection keeps multinationals safer from imitation, but no more so than Northern firms. Instead, the increased difficulty of imitation generates resource wasting and imitation disincentive effects that reduce b...
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作者：Venables, AJ; Limao, N
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：We analyse the trade and production patterns of countries located at varying distances from an economic centre. Exports and imports of final and intermediate goods bear transport costs which increase with distance. We show how production and trade depend on factor endowments and factor intensities, and also on countries' locations and the transport intensities of different goods. Countries divide into zones with different trade patterns, some export oriented and others import substituting. We ...
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作者：Rapach, DE; Wohar, ME
作者单位：Seattle University; University of Nebraska System
摘要：We test the long-run monetary model of exchange rate determination for a collection of 14 industrialized countries using data spanning the late nineteenth or early twentieth century to the late twentieth century. Interestingly, we find support for a simple form of the long-run monetary model in over half of the countries we consider. For these countries, we estimate vector error-correction models to investigate the adjustment process to the long-run monetary equilibrium. In the spirit of Meese...
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作者：Casella, A; Rauch, JE
作者单位：Columbia University; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：History provides many examples of cohesive groups dispersed over several countries who exploit the ties between their members to gain entry into foreign markets. The phenomenon is well-established empirically and noteworthy because it suggests the importance of informational barriers in international transactions, We present a simple model where output is produced through a joint venture, and agents have complete information domestically but are unable to judge the quality of their match abroa...
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作者：Favero, CA; Giavazzi, F
作者单位：Bocconi University
摘要：This paper tests for the presence of non-linearities in the propagation of devaluation expectations among the countries that were members of the Exchange Rate Mechanism of the EMS. We show that whenever it is possible to estimate a model for financial interdependence, a full-information technique to detect such non-linearities is more efficient than the limited-information estimator proposed, in a similar context, by Rigobon (2000). This happens, in particular, when the periods of market turbu...
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作者：Lundborg, P; Segerstrom, PS
作者单位：University of Gothenburg; Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：We analyze the effects of immigration quotas on growth and welfare in a North-South version of the quality ladders growth model. Quotas in the North increase the growth rate. However, they lower the static utility level and the discounted welfare of Northern workers. Also the discounted welfare of asset owners drops. Hence, unlike in the static migration model where the representative agent in the host country benefits from immigration, in our dynamic model, the representative agent loses desp...
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作者：Herguera, I; Kujal, P; Petrakis, E
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Complutense University of Madrid; University of Crete
摘要：In a vertically differentiated industry a domestic and a foreign firm first choose the quality of their goods and then compete in quantities, or prices, in the home market. We investigate the cases in which a tariff is chosen before, or after, the firms' quality decision. These cases are referred to as the ex-ante and the ex-post game, respectively. Optimal ex-post tariffs are positive and ensure that the domestic firm always produces the high quality good. The optimal ex-ante tariff is prohib...
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作者：Dutt, P; Mitra, D
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida International University; University of Alberta
摘要：The median-voter approach to trade policy determination (within a Heckscher-Ohlin framework) as in Mayer [Am. Econ. Rev. 74(5) (1984) 9701 predicts that an increase in inequality, holding constant the economy's overall relative endowments, raises trade barriers in capital-abundant economies and lowers them in capital-scarce economies. We find support for this prediction using cross-country data on inequality, capital-abundance and diverse measures of protection. We perform certain robustness c...
