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作者：Ben-David, D
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：When examining the relationship between trade liberalization and income convergence across countries, it is important to distinguish between formal and actual periods of trade liberalization. Further-more, the degree of liberalization and the extent of trade between the liberalizing countries are important factors that influence the link between liberalization and convergence. Evidence suggests that postwar trade reforms in which major trade partners substantially reduced barriers on trade wit...
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作者：Magee, C
摘要：One of the strongest justifications for the existence of the trade adjustment assistance (TAA) program is that it reduces workers' lobbying efforts against trade liberalization. This paper tests the proposition that the government uses TAA to compensate workers for lost tariff protection. Consistent with this argument, a decline in tariffs over the previous year raises workers' chances of receiving adjustment assistance in some specifications of the model. Equity and efficiency considerations ...
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作者：Lane, PR; Milesi-Ferretti, GM
作者单位：Trinity College Dublin; International Monetary Fund
摘要：Although capital flows are closely monitored, surprisingly little is known about the accumulated stocks of foreign assets and liabilities held by various countries, especially in the developing world. This paper constructs estimates of foreign assets and liabilities and their equity and debt subcomponents for a sample of 67 industrial and developing countries. It characterizes the stylized facts of international balance sheets and asks whether there are trends in net foreign asset positions an...
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作者：Spector, D
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：How does international trade affect income redistribution? We consider a country where the government uses a non-linear income tax to maximize some redistributive social welfare function, subject to the constraint that it can observe only individual incomes but not individual characteristics. In autarky, the government can partially equalize equilibrium prices and wages by manipulating quantities through the tax system. If borders are open, prices are determined by world markets and the govern...
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作者：Hummels, D; Ishii, J; Yi, KM
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Stanford University
摘要：Dramatic changes are occurring in the nature of international trade. Production processes increasingly involve a sequential, vertical trading chain stretching across many countries, with each country specializing in particular stages of a good's production sequence. We document a key aspect of these vertical linkages - the use of imported inputs in producing goods that are exported - which we call vertical specialization. Using input-output tables from 10 OECD and four emerging market countrie...
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作者：Xiang, C
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Factor price equalization (FPE) is a central theme in trade theory, for which [Dixit, A.K., Norman, V., 1980. Theory of International Trade, Cambridge University Press, London] establish the necessary and sufficient condition (the Dixit-Norman condition). [Deardorff, A.V. 1994. The possibility of factor price equalization: revisited, Journal of International Economics 36, 167-175.] provides a more intuitive condition (the lens condition) and establishes its necessity in general, as well as its...
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作者：Blonigen, BA
作者单位：University of Oregon
摘要：Are foreign production and exports substitutes or complements? Standard theory of the multinational corporation (MNC) assumes substitution, while previous empirical work examining the relationship has generally found strong evidence of complementarity. This study examines product-level data, which more closely fits the assumption of a single-product firm often used in MNC theory, and finds substantial evidence for both a substitution and a complementarity effect between affiliate production an...
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作者：Lane, PR
作者单位：Trinity College Dublin; Trinity College Dublin
摘要：Since the 1995 publication of Obsteld and Rogoff's Redux model, there has been an outpouring of research on open-economy dynamic general equilibrium models that incorporate imperfect competition and nominal rigidities. This paper offers an interim survey of this recent literature. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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作者：Sener, F
作者单位：Union College
摘要：This paper develops a dynamic general equilibrium model of R&D-generated growth without scale effects and knowledge-based trade of higher quality products between two structurally-identical countries. A product replacement mechanism coupled with a time-consuming job-matching process generates Schumpeterian unemployment. A global reduction in tariffs stimulates innovation and growth. It also raises the relative wage of skilled workers, motivating more individuals to undergo skill upgrading. In ...
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作者：McCalman, P
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：This paper extends analysis of the GATT Uruguay Round by quantifying the impact of international patent harmonization as implied by the TRIPs agreement. Patent harmonization has the capacity to generate large transfers of income between countries, the US being the major beneficiary. Developing countries are major contributors to these transfers, but Canada, the UK, and Japan also make sizable contributions. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science BY All rights reserved.
