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作者：Cabral, Marika; Carey, Colleen; Miller, Sarah
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; National Bureau of Economic Research; Cornell University; Cornell University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Provider payments are the key determinant of insurance generosity within many health insurance programs covering low-income populations. This paper analyzes a large, federally mandated provider payment increase for primary care services provided to low-income elderly and disabled individuals. Using comprehensive administrative data, we leverage variation across beneficiaries and providers in the policy-induced payment increase in difference-in-differences and triple differences research design...
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作者：Leon-ciliotta, Gianmarco; Zejcirovic, Dijana; Fernandez, Fernando
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University; University of Vienna; University of Bern
摘要：We study a large-scale family planning intervention in which more than 260,000 Peruvian women were sterilized. Many of these medical procedures are alleged to have been performed without patient consent. The subsequent disclosure of alleged illegal sterilizations caused reductions in the usage of contraceptive methods and prenatal and birth delivery services and, more generally, the demand for medical services in affected areas. As a result, child health worsened. The results persist for at le...
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作者：Garcia, Jorge Luis
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要：I investigate the intrahousehold labor and resource allocation consequences of an employment guarantee targeting rural households in India. The guarantee insures household earnings, replacing women as added workers and shutting down a motive for saving. Despite sizable program-job take-up, the guarantee decreases participation in other working activities and, thus, labor force participation of married women and total time worked by their husbands. The guarantee accounts for up to 30 percent of...
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作者：Aizawa, Naoki; Kim, You Suk
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; National Bureau of Economic Research; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：This paper studies government and private advertising in market-based public programs. In a model of advertising, we first examine when government advertising increases welfare. Then, we estimate the effects of advertising on consumer demand and assess their welfare effects in the Affordable Care Act health insurance marketplaces. We find government advertising increases overall enrollment and enhances welfare. By contrast, the market expansion effect of private advertising is modest at most. ...
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作者：Li, Rui; Song, Hong; Zhang, Jun; Zhang, Junsen
作者单位：Fudan University; Zhejiang University; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：This study examines the effects of a government-led, large-scale, multifaceted poverty alleviation program on rural income in China. We find that the program has a positive impact on national key poor counties, with a 10.9 percent increase in rural income. This effect mainly arises via industrial support, agricultural development, and public service improvement. Poverty alleviation strategies consistent with local comparative advantages yield more significant effects. Household-level analyses ...
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作者：Bohne, Albrecht; Nimczik, Jan sebastian
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW); European School of Management & Technology
摘要：We evaluate a tax reform in Ecuador that introduced generous deductions from personal income taxes (PIT), encouraging consumers to request receipts. The reform addresses tax evasion by targeting small self-employed businesses that mainly sell goods or services not subject to value-added taxes (VAT) but that often evade income taxes. Exploiting plausibly exogenous variation in receipt demand due to the distribution of taxpayers across regions and professions, we find significant increases in re...
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作者：Firoozi, Daniel; Geyn, Igor
作者单位：Claremont Colleges; Claremont McKenna College; Claremont Graduate University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Civic externalities motivate education expenditures, but estimates of the civic returns to large-scale education subsidies are scarce. We use 16 million financial aid applications and a regression discontinuity (RD) design to estimate how a tuition-free college program impacts political participation. We find that each of the 2.6 million awards increased a student's voter turnout rate by 4-12 percentage points in 2020, raising total turnout and Biden's margin of victory in the awarding state. ...
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作者：Harris, Douglas N.; Mills, Jonathan
作者单位：Tulane University
摘要：We provide evidence on the effects of college financial aid from an eight-year randomized trial offering ninth graders a $12,000 merit-based grant. The program was designed to be free of tuition/fees at community colleges and substantially lower the cost of four-year colleges. During high school, eligibility for the grant increased students' expectations of college attendance and low-cost college preparation effort, but not higher-cost effort. The program may have increased graduation from two...
