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作者：Sabet, Navid; Liebald, Marius; Friebel, Guido
作者单位：Goethe University Frankfurt; Uppsala University; Goethe University Frankfurt; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We document that right-wing terrorism leads to significant increases in vote share for the right-wing, populist AfD (Alternative f & uuml;r Deutschland) party in Germany. To identify causal effects, we exploit quasi-random variation between successful and failed attacks across municipalities. Using the SOEP, a longitudinal panel of individuals, we find successful terror leads individuals to prefer the AfD and worry about migration. Political parties-the AfD in particular- adjust their messagin...
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作者：Silver, David; Zhang, Jonathan
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research; Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA)
摘要：We study impacts of VA disability compensation on the health and well-being of the large and rapidly growing population of veterans claiming mental disorders. We leverage quasi-random assignment of veterans to medical examiners with varying assessing tendencies. An additional $1,000 per year decreases food insecurity and homelessness by 4.1 and 1.3 percent over 5 years. Health care utilization increases, with greater engagement in preventive care. We estimate precise null average effects on he...
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作者：Pairolero, Nicholas A.; Toole, Andrew A.; Pappas, Peter-Anthony; de Grazia, Charles A. W.; Teodorescu, Mike H. M.
作者单位：University of Washington
摘要：Analyzing a randomized control trial at the United States Patent and Trademark Office that was designed to provide additional help to applicants who do not have legal representation, we find heterogeneous causal impacts across inventor gender, driven primarily by an increase in successful negotiations by women inventor teams via the use of examiner's amendments. While both men and women applicants benefited, the probability of obtaining a patent was over 12 percentage points greater for women....
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作者：Sager, Lutz; Singer, Gregor
作者单位：ESSEC Business School; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We assess the US Clean Air Act standards for fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Using high-resolution data, we find that the 2005 regulation reduced PM2.5 levels by 0.4 mu g/m3 over five years, with larger effects in more polluted areas. Standard difference-in-differences overstates these effects by a factor of three because time trends differ by baseline pollution, a bias we overcome with three alternative approaches. We show that the regulation contributed to narrowing Urban-Rural and Black-Wh...
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作者：Weill, Joakim A.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：This paper examines the provision of official flood risk information in the United States and its distributional impacts on residential flood insurance take-up. Assembling all flood maps produced after Hurricane Katrina, I document that updated maps decreased the number of properties zoned in high-risk floodplains and incorrectly omitted five million properties, primarily in neighborhoods with more Black and Hispanic residents. Leveraging the staggered timing of map updates, I estimate that up...
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作者：Berkouwer, Susanna B.; Dean, Joshua T.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago
摘要：Many routine daily activities-such as cooking and commuting- cause large recurring pollution spikes that may impact health without significantly affecting average exposure. We study pollution spikes by combining experimental variation in cooking technology with high-frequency data on individual pollution exposure and time-use in Kenya. Improved cookstoves reduce PM2.5 spikes while cooking by 51.3 mu mu g mu g/ mu g/m mu g/m3 ( (41 percent) and cause a 0.24 standard deviation reduction in self-...
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作者：Huttunen, Kristiina; Kaila, Martti; Macdonald, David C.; Nix, Emily
作者单位：Aalto University; VATT Institute for Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Glasgow; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Okanagan; University of Southern California
摘要：Financial crimes are costly to society but less severely punished than other nonviolent crimes. We investigate whether prison sentences reduce financial crimes. Using random assignment of judges in Finland to identify causal impacts, we find a prison sentence reduces defendant reoffending by 42.9 percentage points three years postsentencing. Given prior evidence of financial misconduct contagion, we also explore spillovers on colleagues. A prison sentence reduces the likelihood that a financia...
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作者：Bagwe, Gaurav; Margitic, Juan; Stashko, Allison
作者单位：Emory University
摘要：We study how distance to one's polling place affects the likelihood of voting using a geographic regression discontinuity design with data from Pennsylvania and Georgia. A one-mile increase in distance to the polling place reduces the likelihood of voting in person by 1 to 3 percentage points. Effects are two to three times higher among those closest to the polling place. When available, voters substitute to mail-in voting as distance to the polling place increases. In counterfactual exercises...
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作者：Crespin, Rene A.
作者单位：Michigan State University
摘要：Educational institutions increasingly measure and publish indicators of social climate. I exploit a plausibly exogenous shock of Chicago school information to examine how social climate information is capitalized into housing markets and affects homebuyer sorting. Using border discontinuities, event studies, and difference-in-differences designs, I find public disclosure raises prices for homes assigned to schools with better climate ratings, with suggestive evidence that higher-income familie...
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作者：Edwards, Ashley; Ortagus, Justin; Smith, Jonathan; Smythe, Andria
作者单位：University of Florida; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; Howard University
摘要：Using data from nearly 1.2 million Black SAT takers, we find that students initially enrolling in a historically Black college and university (HBCU) are 14.6 percentage points more likely to earn a bachelor's degree and, around age 30, have 5 percent higher household income and $12,000 more in student loan balances than those who do not enroll in an HBCU. We find that results are largely driven by an increased likelihood of completing a degree from relatively broad-access HBCUs in lieu of a tw...
