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作者：Messacar, Derek
作者单位：Statistics Canada; Memorial University Newfoundland; Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal
摘要：I assess whether the tax code is a viable policy lever for influencing labor supply among older workers. Specifically, using administrative data from Canada, I estimate the earnings responses to a unique reform that lowered tax burdens for couples with a pensioner, using quasi -experimental methods. I find that workers decrease labor supply as tax bills decline but do not respond to changes in marginal tax rates. Hence, while public policy often aims to keep people in the workforce longer, the...
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作者：Gilpin, Gregory; Karger, Ezra; Nencka, Peter
作者单位：Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; University System of Ohio; Miami University
摘要：Local governments spend over $12 billion annually funding the operation of 15,427 public libraries in the United States , yet we know little about their effects. We use data describing the near universe of public libraries to show that public library capital investment increases library visits , children's attendance at library events , and children's circulation by an average of 5-15 percent in the years following investment. Increases in library use translate into improved test scores in nea...
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作者：Alpert, Abby; Dykstra, Sarah; Jacobson, Mireille
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research; Amazon.com; University of Southern California
摘要：We study hassle costs versus information provision in explaining how prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) decrease opioid prescribing. PDMPs aim to reduce opioid prescribing through information provision but may also unintentionally affect prescribing through the hassle of required record checks. We analyze Kentucky's landmark PDMP to disentangle these two mechanisms. Hassle costs reduce opioid prescribing across the board, including to opioid-naive patients; however, physicians conti...
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作者：Barnett, Michael L.; Olenski, Andrew; Sacarny, Adam
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Lehigh University; Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Efforts to raise US health-care productivity have proceeded slowly, potentially due to the fragmentation of payment across insurers. Each insurer's efforts to improve care could influence how doc-tors practice for other insurers, leading to unvalued externalities. We study a randomized letter intervention by Medicare to cur-tail overuse of antipsychotics. The letters did not mention private insurance but reduced prescribing to these patients by 12 percent, much like the 17 percent effect in Me...
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作者：Holz, Justin E.; Rivera, Roman G.; Ba, Bocar A.
作者单位：University of Chicago; Columbia University; Duke University
摘要：We study the link between police officers' on-duty injuries and their peers' force use using a network of officers who attended the police academy together through a random lottery. On-duty inju-ries increase the probability of officers using force by 7 percent in the subsequent week. Officers are also more likely to injure sus-pects and receive complaints about neglecting victims and violat-ing constitutional rights. The effect is concentrated in a narrow time window following the event and i...
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作者：Carrillo, Bladimir; Charris, Carlos; Iglesias, Wilman
作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation; Universidade Catolica de Brasilia
摘要：During the South African apartheid, Black people were forced to move to homelands during the 1960s and 1970s, resulting in one of history's largest segregation policy experiments. We examine how and why relocation to the homelands affected human capital attain-ment. Exploiting the staggered timing of homeland establishment in a cross-cohort identification strategy, we find that moving to the home-lands during childhood significantly reduces educational attainment, labor earnings, and employmen...
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作者：Bi, Huixin; Zubairy, Sarah
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We construct a database of public pension policy changes with motiStructural pension reforms, motivated by long-run sustainability concerns, often come with prolonged phase-in periods. In response retirement stay in the workforce longer. News about future pension retrenchments with implementation lags, however, is likely to lead this group to exit the labor market. This decline in the labor force participation rate is particularly strong for reforms with long lags, ones that introduce fundamen...
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作者：Ohrn, Eric
作者单位：Grinnell College
摘要：I analyze the effect of two corporate tax breaks, bonus depreciation and the Domestic Production Activities Deduction (DPAD), on executive compensation in publicly traded US firms. I find both tax breaks significantly increase executive compensation. For every dollar a firm benefits from the tax breaks, compensation of the firm's top five highest-paid executives increases by $0.17 to $0.25. The tax breaks increase compensation primarily in firms with weaker governance structures, suggesting th...
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作者：Feng, Josh; Hwang, Thomas; Maini, Luca
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University
摘要：Using a difference-in-difference approach, we find that an increase to Medicaid's minimum drug rebate under the Affordable Care Act in 2010 lowered non-Medicaid drug spending by 2.5 percent. A stylized bargaining model shows that this is likely driven by the interaction of this reform with Medicaid's most-favored customer clause (MFCC). By examining the response of drugs that faced a change in incentives equivalent to the removal of Medicaid's MFCC, we estimate that removing the Medicaid MFCC ...
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作者：Torslov, Thomas; Wier, Ludvig; Zucman, Gabriel
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We show that the fiscal authorities of high-tax countries can lack the incentives to combat profit shifting to tax havens. Instead, they have incentives to focus their enforcement efforts on relocating profits booked by multinationals in other high-tax countries, crowding out the enforcement on transactions that shift profits to tax havens, and reducing the global tax payments of multinational companies. The predictions of our model are motivated and supported by the analysis of two new datase...
