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作者：Fabregas, Raissa; Kremer, Michael; Lowes, Matthew; On, Robert; Zane, Giulia
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; CGIAR; International Water Management Institute (IWMI)
摘要：While some studies suggest mobile phone-based information programs change behavior; others find no effect. We evaluate six text message agricultural extension programs, collectively covering 128,000 farmers. A meta-analysis finds a 1.22-fold increase in the odds of adoption of recommended practices ( 95 percent CI: 1.16, 1.29). We cannot reject similar impacts across experiments. Impacts are increased by message repetition, but not by providing more granular information, using behavioral frami...
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作者：Harju, Jarkko; Jager, Simon; Schoefer, Benjamin
作者单位：Tampere University; Princeton University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We estimate the effects of worker voice on productivity, job quality, and separations. We study the 1991 introduction of a right to worker representation on boards or advisory councils in Finnish firms with at least 150 employees, designed to facilitate workforce-management communication. Consistent with information-sharing theories, our difference-in-differences design reveals that worker voice raised labor productivity. In contrast to exit-voice theory, we find no effects on voluntary job se...
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作者：Card, David; Rothstein, Jesse; Yi, Moises
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We use linked employer-employee data to study the causal effects of location on earnings in the United States. We estimate a model with employer and employee effects, then aggregate to the commuting zone ( CZ ) level. Sorting across firms biases traditional movers designs. Our model accurately predicts earnings changes for CZ movers after accounting for firm sorting. Worker skills explain half of observed earnings differences across CZs; observable characteristics understate this. Industry com...
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作者：Stephens, Melvin, Jr.; Toohey, Desmond
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research; U.S. Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC)
摘要：Prior research finds food expenditure decreases at retirement, which suggests households are inadequately saving. In contrast, other evidence shows that direct measures of food intake are unaffected by exiting the labor force. Using a wide array of data sources and methodologies, we find that food intake falls at retirement, including: declines in caloric and nutrient intake in cross-sectional datasets spanning 40 years, a decrease in caloric intake using longitudinal data, and a drop in a foo...
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作者：Borker, Girija; Eeckhout, Jan; Luke, Nancy; Mini, Shantidani; Munshi, Kaivan; Swaminathan, Soumya
作者单位：The World Bank; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Pompeu Fabra University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Christian Medical College & Hospital (CMCH) Vellore; Yale University; Communaute d'universites et etablissements de Toulouse (Comue); Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain sex selection in India: son preference, in which parents desire a male heir, and daughter aversion, in which dowry payments make parents worse off with girls. Our model incorporates both mechanisms, providing microfoundations, based on the organization of the marriage institution, for daughter aversion. Marital matching, sex selection, and dowries are jointly determined in the model, whose implications are tested on a representative sample of rural ...
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作者：Kumon, Yuzuru
作者单位：University of Manchester
摘要：Despite well-developed economic institutions, premodern Japan, 1600-1868, had among the lowest real wages according to available estimates, around half those in preindustrial England. However, many Japanese peasants owned land, unlike their mostly landless English counterparts, due to institutional differences in land inheritance. Using a Malthusian model, I show that this greater landownership equality paradoxically led to Japan's lower wages and GDP per capita. Evidence from Japanese village...
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作者：Rivera, Roman
作者单位：Georgetown University
摘要：This paper studies the effect of pretrial electronic monitoring (EM) relative to both pretrial release and pretrial detention (jail). EM often involves a defendant wearing an electronic bracelet, which aims to reduce pretrial misconduct at a low cost. Using the quasi-random assignment of bond court judges, I estimate the effect of EM versus release and EM versus detention on pretrial misconduct, case outcomes, future recidivism, and aggregate total costs. Results indicate that EM reduces overa...
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作者：Khanna, Gaurav; Liang, Wenquan; Mobarak, Ahmed Mushfiq; Song, Ran
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Tongji University; Jinan University; Deakin University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National University of Singapore
摘要：We quantify how pollution affects aggregate productivity and welfare in spatial equilibrium. We show that skilled workers in China emigrate away from polluted cities. These patterns are evident under various empirical specifications, such as when instrumenting for pollution using upwind power plants, or thermal inversions. Pollution changes the spatial distribution of skilled and unskilled workers, and wage returns by location. We quantify the loss in aggregate productivity due to this re-sort...
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作者：Renee, Laetitia
作者单位：Universite de Montreal
摘要：This paper studies the effects of a randomized control trial in which Canadian high school students were randomly invited to participate in a career guidance program during high school and/or made eligible for extra financial aid conditional on college enrollment. I use administrative records to examine the effects of the interventions on college enrollment, graduation, and income up to age 29. The guidance intervention increased students' four-year college enrollment and graduation rates and ...
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作者：Buyukeren, Berkeren; Makarin, Alexey; Xiong, Heyu
作者单位：Luiss Guido Carli University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University
摘要：Online dating apps have transformed the dating market, yet their broader effects remain unclear. We study Tinder's impact on college students using its initial marketing focus on Greek organizations for identification. We show that the full-scale launch of Tinder led to a sharp, persistent increase in sexual activity, but with little corresponding impact on the formation of long-term relationships or relationship quality. Dating outcome inequality, especially among men, rose, alongside rates o...
