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作者：Cohen, Jonathan; Johnston, Andrew C.; Lindner, Attila
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of California System; University of California Merced; University of London; University College London
摘要：We examine the depreciation of skills among unemployed German workers using a panel of skill measures linked to administrative data. Both the reemployment hazard and reemployment earnings steadily decline with unemployment duration. Indicators of depression and loneliness also rise substantially. However, we find no decline in a wide range of cognitive and noncognitive skills while workers remain unemployed. We find the same pattern in a panel of American workers. The results imply that skill ...
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作者：Haeck, Catherine; Laliberte, Jean-william
作者单位：University of Quebec; University of Quebec Montreal; University of Calgary
摘要：This paper uses census microdata linked with tax records to quantify the contribution of occupations to intergenerational income mobility. We document substantial segregation into occupations by parental income. Children of high-income parents are significantly more likely to pursue high-paying and more desirable occupations. Since parents may pass on their occupations to their children, we further describe patterns of intergenerational occupational following and show they vary substantially a...
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作者：Clemens, Michael A.; Lewis, Ethan G.
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Dartmouth College; National Bureau of Economic Research; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：US firms hiring foreign workers in low-skill nonfarm jobs face a binding quota on the H-2B visa, allocated in part through a randomized lottery. We evaluate the quota's marginal impact using the lottery, a novel firm survey, and a pre-analysis plan. Firms exogenously employing more H-2B workers in low-skill jobs increase production (elasticity 0.20-0.22), investment (1.5-2.1), and profits (0.15). The elasticity of substitution between H-2B and US workers is very low (0.8-2.2). Thus, the effect...
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作者：Ahmad, Husnain F.; Ali, Ayesha; Meeks, Robyn C.; Wang, Zhenxuan; Younas, Javed
作者单位：Trinity University; Lahore University of Management Sciences; Duke University; North Carolina State University; American University of Sharjah
摘要：We study the effects of a technical intervention in Karachi, Pakistan-- converting bare distribution wires to aerial bundled cables (ABCs)-- that was intended to prevent illegal grid connections and improve utility cost recovery. Theft-resistant cables reduced losses. This occurred primarily through decreases in unbilled consumption, with the number of formal utility customers and their billed consumption both increasing. Load-shedding outages decreased. In areas with these cables installed, c...
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作者：Beath, Andrew; Christia, Fotini; Enikolopov, Ruben
作者单位：The World Bank; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona School of Economics; ICREA
摘要：We exploit a randomized controlled trial conducted between 2007 and 2011 to identify the effect of Afghanistan's largest local governance and development program on the strength of the insurgency. We find that the program reduced violence, improved economic outcomes, and increased government support in interior regions of the country, but increased violence in villages close to the Pakistani border, where foreign insurgents were more numerous. The results suggest that development programs can ...
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作者：Blonz, Joshua; Palmer, Karen; Wichman, Casey j.; Wietelman, Derek c.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors; Resources for the Future; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Can automation complement economic incentives? We explore this question by randomly encouraging households to activate a feature on their existing smart thermostat that automates responsiveness to time-of-use electricity pricing. The feature reduces air conditioning use during the highest-priced afternoon period, raising indoor temperatures above a household's preferred temperature, primarily for customers who are typically home during the day. Customers infrequently override the feature when ...
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作者：Kuruc, Kevin; Lopalo, Melissa; O'CoNNoR, Sean
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman; Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman; Federal Housing Finance Agency
摘要：The climate economy literature has documented adverse effects of extreme temperatures on well-being through mechanisms such as mortality, productivity, and conflict. Impacts due simply to discomfort are less well understood. This paper investigates individuals' valuations of weather using a revealed preference approach. We first quantify the decline in attendance at Major League Baseball games on hot and cold days. Leveraging this finding coupled with the historically informed assumption of a ...
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作者：Sejas-portillo, Rodolfo; Moro, Mirko; Stowasser, Till
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Stirling
摘要：Using British data on over 7 million residential property sales, we find that the simplified energy efficiency ( EE ) information leads to important market effects. UK legislation requires the use of an energy label that shows an EE rating score ( 1-100 ) mapped into arbitrary color-coded rating bands ( A-G). Applying a regression discontinuity design, we document significant price discontinuities at rating band thresholds, indicating heuristic thinking in the market. These price discontinuiti...
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作者：Kinnerud, Karin; Lorentzon, Louise
作者单位：BI Norwegian Business School
摘要：We conduct a large-scale field experiment in the Swedish pension system to examine to what extent information and search frictions explain dominated high-fee index fund choices. Three findings stand out: (i) Letters that increase awareness of a dominated choice and reduce search costs of finding the dominating alternative improve savers' investment choices. (ii) While the average effects are positive, a majority of investors are unresponsive to information that essentially removes search costs...
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作者：Jensen, Mathias Fjaellegaard; Manning, Alan
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：In Europe, the children of migrants often have worse economic outcomes than those with local-born parents. This paper shows that children born in Denmark with immigrant parents (first-generation locals) have lower earnings, higher unemployment, less education, more welfare transfers, and more criminal convictions than children with local-born parents. However, when we condition on parental socioeconomic characteristics, first-generation locals generally perform as well or slightly better than ...
