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作者：Voigtlander, Nico; Voth, Hans-Joachim
作者单位：University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Zurich
摘要：We show that the building of the Autobahn network in Nazi Germany boosted popular support forAdolf Hitler, helping to entrench the Nazi dictatorship. Direct local economic benefits are unlikely to explain the effect. Instead, it reflects successful propaganda: The regime portrayed the Autobahn as a symbol of recovery and the end of austerity. Support rose particularly strongly where highway construction coincided with greater radio availability and in politically unstable regions. Our findings...
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作者：Timm, Lisa Marie; Giuliodori, Massimo; Muller, Paul
作者单位：University of Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We examine how income taxes affect international mobility and wages. We study a Dutch preferential tax scheme for migrants, which introduced an income threshold for eligibility in 2012. The threshold is low relative to similar schemes in other countries, thereby offering eligibility to migrants with mid-level earnings. We find migration more than doubles closely above the income threshold, while migration below the threshold remains unchanged. These effects appear to be driven by additional mi...
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作者：Rivera, Roman
作者单位：Princeton University
摘要：Increasing underrepresented groups' representation in police departments is a common proposal to reduce aggressive policing. This paper documents the effects of peer composition in the Chicago police academy on officers' future arrests by exploiting the lottery system, which provides exogenous variation in cohort composition. I find that higher shares of peers from groups that police less aggressively, such as female and older officers, reduce all officers' future low-level arrests. Peer race ...
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作者：Fenton, George; Koenig, Felix
作者单位：United States Department of the Treasury; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：We study the impact of entertainment technology on labor supply. Using Social Security work histories and a natural experiment arising from the regulated US rollout of television, we estimate that a station launch reduced the probability of working by around 0.3 percentage points, driven mainly by an increase in older-age-group retirement rates. The results support the hypothesis that television's rise contributed to the midcentury transition of retirement from a necessity to golden years of e...
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作者：Schneider-strawczynski, Sarah; Valette, Jerome
摘要：This paper investigates the effect of media coverage on immigration attitudes. It combines data on immigration coverage in French television with individual panel data from 2013 to 2017 that records respondents'preferred television channel and attitudes toward immigration. The analysis focuses on within-individual variations over time, addressing ideological self-selection into channels. We find that increased coverage of immigration polarizes attitudes, with initially moderate individuals bec...
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作者：Artiles, Miriam
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
摘要：Is ethnic diversity good or bad for economic development? Most studies find corrosive effects. This paper shows that historical exposure to economic exchange can mitigate these effects in the long run. I collect data from a natural experiment of Peru's colonial history: the forced resettlement of native populations in the sixteenth century. Where the resettlement concentrated ethnically diverse populations with a history of internal crop exchange, contemporary populations perform better system...
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作者：Nagengast, Arne j.; Yotov, Yoto v
作者单位：Deutsche Bundesbank; Drexel University
摘要：We nest an extended two-way fixed effect ( ETWFE ) estimator for staggered difference-in-differences within the structural gravity model. To test the ETWFE, we estimate the effects of regional trade agreements ( RTAs ) . The results suggest that RTA estimates in the current gravity literature may be biased downward ( by more than 50 percent in our sample). Sensitivity analyses confirm the robustness of our main findings and demonstrate the applicability of our methods across settings. We expec...
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作者：Dahis, Ricardo; Szerman, Christiane
作者单位：Monash University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Changes in political boundaries aimed at devolving power to local governments are common across many countries. We examine the economic impacts of government unit creation through splitting. Exploiting reforms that led to sharp increases in the number of municipalities in Brazil, we show that voluntary splitting enlarges the public sector, enhances public service delivery, and stimulates long-term economic activity in new local governments. These gains are not offset by losses elsewhere and ar...
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作者：Anderson, Michael L.; Dobkin, Carlos; Gorry, Devon; Tseng, Hung-Fu
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Clemson University; Kaiser Permanente
摘要：Influenza causes substantial illness among children. RCTs demonstrate that the influenza vaccine reduces active-surveillance-detected influenza but have insufficient samples to examine outcomes such as health care provider visits. This study documents that children whose well-child visits occur when the seasonal influenza vaccine is broadly available are 23.4 pp more likely to be vaccinated than children whose visits do not. Using large administrative health care datasets, we leverage this vac...
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作者：Blundell, Richard; Lopez, Hugo; Ziliak, James P.
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Chicago; University of Kentucky
摘要：We estimate the full distribution of life cycle wages for cohorts of men and women in the United States using a quantile selection model to account for systematic differences in employment by gender and education group. Although common within-group time effects are shown to be a key driver of labor market inequalities across gender, important additional differences by birth cohort emerge with more recent cohorts of women delaying child rearing and, by implication, the onset of child penalties ...
