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作者：Carrillo, Paul; Pomeranz, Dina; Singhal, Monica
作者单位：George Washington University; University of Zurich; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：Reducing tax evasion is a priority for many governments. A growing literature argues that verifying taxpayer reports against third-party information is critical for tax collection. However, effectiveness can be limited when tax authorities face constraints to credible enforcement and taxpayers make offsetting adjustments on other margins. We exploit a policy intervention in which Ecuadorian firms were notified about detected revenue discrepancies. Most firms simply failed to respond. Firms tha...
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作者：La Ferrara, Eliana; Milazzo, Annamaria
作者单位：Bocconi University; Bocconi University
摘要：We study the role of traditional norms in land allocation and human capital investment. We exploit a policy experiment in Ghana that increased the land that children from matrilineal groups could inherit from their fathers. Boys exposed to the reform received 0.9 less years of education-an effect driven by landed households, for whom the reform was binding. We find no effect for girls, whose inheritance was de facto unaffected. These patterns suggest that before the reform matrilineal groups i...
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作者：Behaghel, Luc; de Chaisemartin, Clement; Gurgand, Marc
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; INRAE; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Paris School of Economics; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：Boarding schools substitute school to home, but little is known on effects this substitution produces on students. We present results of an experiment in which seats in a boarding school for disadvantaged students were randomly allocated. Boarders enjoy better studying conditions than control students. However, they start outperforming control students in mathematics only two years after admission, and this effect mostly comes from strong students. Boarders initially experience lower levels of...
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作者：Ganguli, Ina
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
摘要：I estimate the impact of a historic grant program, funded by George Soros, that provided grants to over 28,000 Soviet scientists shortly after the end of the USSR. Exploiting a discontinuity in the grant eligibility formula, I show that the grants more than doubled publications on the margin, significantly induced scientists to remain in the science sector, and had long-lasting impacts. While existing evidence shows negligible impacts of scientific grants, I show that funding for science can h...
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作者：Chimeli, Ariaster B.; Soares, Rodr R.
作者单位：Universidade de Sao Paulo; Columbia University; Getulio Vargas Foundation
摘要：We provide evidence on the effect of market illegality on violence. Brazil was historically the main exporter of mahogany. Starting in the 1990s, trade was restricted and eventually prohibited. We build on previous evidence that mahogany trade persisted after prohibition and document relative increases in violence in areas with natural occurrence of mahogany. We show that as illegal activity receded in the late 2000s so did the relative increase in violence. We describe an experience of increa...
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作者：Bassi, Vittorio; Rasul, Imran
作者单位：University of Southern California; University of London; University College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We study the persuasive impacts of non-informative communication on the short-run beliefs and long-run behavior of individuals. We do so in the context of the Papal visit to Brazil in October 1991, in which persuasive messages related to fertility were salient in Papal speeches during the visit. We use individual's exposure to such messages to measure how persuasion shifts short-run beliefs such as intentions to contracept and long-term fertility outcomes such as the timing and total number of...
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作者：Doleac, Jennifer L.
作者单位：University of Virginia
摘要：Every US state has a database of criminal offenders' DNA profiles. These databases receive widespread attention in the media and popular culture, but there has been no rigorous analysis of their impact on crime. This paper intends to fill that gap. I exploit the details and timing of state DNA database expansions in two ways, first to address the effects of DNA profiling on individuals' subsequent criminal behavior and then to address the aggregate effects on crime rates. I show that DNA datab...
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作者：Rocha, Rudi; Ferraz, Claudio; Soares, Rodrigo R.
作者单位：Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Columbia University; Getulio Vargas Foundation
摘要：This paper documents the persistence of human capital over time and its association with long-term development. We exploit variation induced by a state-sponsored settlement policy that attracted immigrants with higher levels of schooling to particular regions of Brazil in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. We show that one century after the policy, municipalities that received settlements had higher levels of schooling and higher income per capita. We provide evidence that long-r...
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作者：Bazzi, Samuel
作者单位：Boston University
摘要：How do income shocks affect international migration flows from poor countries? Income growth not only increases the opportunity cost of migration but also eases liquidity constraints. I develop a method to separate these countervailing individual effects and identify the overall income elasticity of migration. Using new administrative and census data from Indonesia, I find that positive agricultural income shocks increase labor emigration flows, particularly in villages with relatively more sm...
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作者：Edelman, Benjamin; Luca, Michael; Svirsky, Dan
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University; Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：In an experiment on Airbnb, we find that applications from guests with distinctively African American names are 16 percent less likely to be accepted relative to identical guests with distinctively white names. Discrimination occurs among landlords of all sizes, including small landlords sharing the property and larger landlords with multiple properties. It is most pronounced among hosts who have never had an African American guest, suggesting only a subset of hosts discriminate. While rental ...
