-
作者：He, Guojun; Wang, Shaoda
作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This study estimates the effect of improved bureaucrat quality on poverty alleviation by exploring a unique human capital reallocation policy in China-the College Graduate Village Officials (CGVOs) program. We find that introducing CGVOs into the village governance system improves the targeting and implementation of the central government's social assistance programs. CGVOs help eligible poor households understand and apply for relevant subsidies, thus increasing the number of pro-poor program...
-
作者：Martinez-Bravo, Monica
摘要：A by-product of the extension of mass education is the increase in the level of education of those eligible for political offices. This can have a profound impact on the effectiveness of local governments. In this paper, I examine the effects of a large school construction program in Indonesia on local governance and public good provision. The results show that the program led to important increases in the provision of public goods. Furthermore, I provide evidence consistent with the hypothesi...
-
作者：Rossin-Slater, Maya
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：With nearly half of US births occurring out of wedlock, understanding how parents navigate their relationship options is important. This paper examines the consequences of a large exogenous change to parental relationship contract options on parental behavior and child well-being. Identification comes from the staggered timing of state reforms that substantially lowered the cost of legal paternity establishment. I show that the resulting increases in paternity establishment are partially drive...
-
作者：Chen, Shuo; Lan, Xiaohuan
作者单位：Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University
摘要：The elimination of private property rights can lead to ineffcient use of productive assets. In China's collectivization movement from 1955 to 1957, instead of transferring draft animals to the ownership of the collectives, peasants slaughtered them to keep the meat and hide. By comparing 1,600 counties that launched the movement in different years, the difference-in-differences estimates suggest that the animal loss during the movement was 12 to 15 percent, or 7.4-9.5 million head. Grain outpu...
-
作者：MacLeod, W. Bentley; Riehl, Evan; Saavedra, Juan E.; Urquiola, Miguel
作者单位：Columbia University; University of Southern California
摘要：We explore how college reputation affects the big sort, the process by which students choose colleges and find their first jobs. We incorporate a simple definition of college reputation-graduates' mean admission scores-into a competitive labor market model. This generates a clear prediction: if employers use reputation to set wages, then the introduction of a new measure of individual skill will decrease the return to reputation. Administrative data and a natural experiment from the country of...
-
作者：Fisman, Raymond; Wang, Yongxiang
作者单位：Boston University; University of Southern California
摘要：We study a 2004 program designed to motivate Chinese bureaucrats to reduce accidental deaths. Each province received a set of death ceilings that, if exceeded, would impede government officials' promotions. For each category of accidental deaths, we observe a sharp discontinuity in reported deaths at the ceiling, suggestive of manipulation. Provinces with safety incentives for municipal officials experienced larger declines in accidental deaths, suggesting complementarities between incentives ...
-
作者：Jayachandran, Seema
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：The desire for smaller families is conjectured as one reason the male-to-female sex ratio has increased with economic development in several countries. Families that strongly want at least one son are less likely to obtain him by chance at low fertility, which could increase their use of sex-selective abortion. This paper quantifies the relationship between desired fertility and the sex ratio in India by eliciting sex composition preferences at specified fertility levels. I find that the desir...
-
作者：Gadenne, Lucie
作者单位：University of Warwick
摘要：Existing evidence suggests that extra grant revenues lead to little improvements in public services in developing countries but would governments spend tax revenues differently? This paper considers a program that invests in the tax capacity of Brazilian municipalities. Using variations in the timing of program uptake, I find that it raises local tax revenues and that the increase in taxes is used to improve both the quantity and quality of municipal education infrastructure. In contrast; incr...
-
作者：Miller, Conrad
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：I estimate the dynamic effects of federal affirmative action regulation, exploiting variation in the timing of regulation and deregulation across work establishments. Affirmative action increases the black share of employees over time: in 5 years after an establishment is first regulated, the black share of employees increases by an average of 0.8 percentage points. Strikingly, the black share continues to grow at a similar pace even after an establishment is deregulated. I argue that this per...
-
作者：Muralidharan, Karthik; Prakash, Nishith
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Connecticut; University of Connecticut
摘要：We study the impact of an innovative program in the Indian state of Bihar that aimed to reduce the gender gap in secondary school enrollment by providing girls who continued to secondary school with a bicycle that would improve access to school. Using data from a large representative household survey, we employ a triple difference approach (using boys and the neighboring state of Jharkhand as comparison groups) and find that being in a cohort that was exposed to the Cycle program increased gir...
