American Economic Journal: Applied Economics

最新文章

• Do Free Trade Agreements Affect Tariffs of Nonmember Countries? A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation AI翻译
  作者：Saggi, Kamal; Stoyanov, Andrey; Yildiz, Halis Murat
  作者单位：Vanderbilt University; York University - Canada; Toronto Metropolitan University
  摘要：We investigate the effects of free trade agreements (FTAs) on tariffs of nonmember countries. In our multi-country model, the formation of an FTA leads members to reduce their exports to the rest of the world. Such external trade diversion weakens the ability of nonmembers to manipulate their terms of trade vis-a-vis FTA members, a mechanism that induces them to lower their tariffs on FTA members. We empirically confirm this insight using industry-level trade data for 192 importing and 253 exp...
• Saving by Default: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Rural India AI翻译
  作者：Somville, Vincent; Vandewalle, Lore
  作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
  摘要：Access to banks is rapidly increasing worldwide, and allows account-based instead of cash transfers. We conduct a randomized experiment documenting the impact of the payment method on savings behavior. In India, we allocate identical weekly payments into a bank account (treated) or in cash (control). Savings in the account increase by 131 percent within 3 months, and the effect is long lasting. We also show that cash payments increase consumption and that-once everyone is paid in cash again-th...
• Do Risk Preferences Change? Evidence from the Great East Japan Earthquake AI翻译
  作者：Hanaoka, Chie; Shigeoka, Hitoshi; Watanabe, Yasutora
  作者单位：Toyo University; Simon Fraser University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Tokyo
  摘要：We investigate whether individuals' risk preferences change after experiencing a natural disaster, specifically, the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. Exploiting the panels of nationally representative surveys on risk preferences,wefind that men who experienced greater intensity of the earthquake became more risk tolerant a year after the Earthquake. Interestingly, the effects on men's risk preferences are persistent even five years after the Earthquake at almost the same magnitude as those sh...
• The Economic Impact of Hurricane Katrina on Its Victims: Evidence from Individual Tax Returns AI翻译
  作者：Deryugina, Tatyana; Kawano, Laura; Levitt, Steven
  作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; United States Department of the Treasury; University of Chicago
  摘要：Hurricane Katrina destroyed over 200,000 homes and led to massive economic and physical dislocation. Using a panel of tax return data, we provide one of the first comprehensive analyses of the hurricane's long-term economic impact on its victims. Hurricane Katrina had large and persistent impacts on where people live, hut small and surprisingly transitory effects on employment and income. Within just a few years, Katrina victims' incomes actually surpass that of controls from similar unaffecte...
• Why Has Urban Inequality Increased? AI翻译
  作者：Baum-Snow, Nathaniel; Freedman, Matthew; Pavan, Ronni
  作者单位：University of Toronto; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of Rochester
  摘要：This paper examines mechanisms driving the more rapid increases in wage inequality in larger cities between 1980 and 2007. Production function estimates indicate strong evidence of capital-skill complementarity and increases in the skill bias of agglomeration economies in the context of rapid skill-biased technical change. Immigration shocks are the source of identifying variation across cities in changes to the relative supply of skilled versus unskilled labor. Estimates indicate that changes...
• Foreign Rivals Are Coming to Town: Responding to the Threat of Foreign Multinational Entry AI翻译
  作者：Bao, Cathy Ge; Chen, Maggie Xiaoyang
  作者单位：University of International Business & Economics; George Washington University
  摘要：How do domestic firms respond to the threat of foreign competition? This paper quantifies foreign competition threats by exploiting news of potential multinational investments from over 35,000 media outlets around the world. Using firm-specific measures of foreign competition threat, the analysis shows that domestic firms respond by upgrading productivity, raising innovation, and altering product composition. However, there is a U-shape relationship between initial productivity and productivit...
• Emotional Judges and Unlucky Juveniles AI翻译
  作者：Eren, Ozkan; Mocan, Naci
  作者单位：Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University
  摘要：Employing the universe of juvenile court decisions in a US state between 1996 and 2012, we analyze the effects of emotional shocks associated with unexpected outcomes of football games played by a prominent college team in the state. We find that unexpected losses increase sentence lengths assigned by judges during the week following the game. Unexpected wins, or losses that were expected to be close contests ex ante have no impact. The effects of these emotional shocks are asymmetrically born...
• Asymmetric Information and Remittances: Evidence from Matched Administrative Data AI翻译
  作者：Joseph, Thomas; Nyarko, Yaw; Wang, Shing-Yi
  作者单位：Indian Institute of Management (IIM System); Indian Institute of Management Udaipur (IIMU); New York University; New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：Using new large-scale, administrative data matching remittances and monthly payroll disbursals, we demonstrate how migrants' earnings in the United Arab Emirates affect their remittances. We consider several types of income changes: Ramadan, weather shocks, a labor reform and returns to time in the UAE. We demonstrate that two key characteristics of the income changes that affect the income elasticity of remittances are the observability of the income and whether the income change is positive ...
• Role Models or Individual Consulting: The Impact of Personalizing Micro-entrepreneurship Training AI翻译
  作者：Lafortune, Jeanne; Riutort, Juno; Tessada, Jose
  作者单位：Universidad Adolfo Ibanez; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
  摘要：Using a randomized experiment in Chile, we study the impact role models have in the context of a training program for micro-entrepreneurs. We show that being in a group randomly chosen to be visited by a successful alumnus of the program increases household income one year after, mostly due to increased business participation and business income. We also randomized the provision of personalized consulting sessions vis-a-vis group sessions, and observe similar effects on income, with the role m...
• The Persistent Power of Behavioral Change: Long-Run Impacts of Temporary Savings Subsidies for the Poor AI翻译
  作者：Schaner, Simone
  作者单位：University of Southern California
  摘要：I use a field experiment in rural Kenya to study how temporary incentives to save impact long-run economic outcomes. Study participants randomly selected to receive large temporary interest rates on an individual bank account had significantly more income and assets 2.5-3.5 years after the interest rates expired. These changes are much larger than the short-run impacts on experimental bank account use and almost entirely driven by growth in entrepreneurship. In contrast, interest rates on join...