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作者：Gine, Xavier; Mansuri, Ghazala
作者单位：The World Bank; The World Bank
摘要：In many emerging democracies women are less likely to vote than men and, when they do vote, are likely to follow the wishes of male household and clan heads. We assess the impact of a voter awareness campaign on female turnout, candidate choice and party vote shares. Geographic clusters within villages were randomly assigned to treatment or control, and within treated clusters, some households were not targeted. Compared to women in control clusters, both targeted and untargeted women in treat...
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作者：Meghir, Costas; Palme, Marten; Simeonova, Emilia
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC); Stockholm University; Johns Hopkins University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We examine the effects on mortality and health due to a major Swedish educationol reform that increased the years of compulsory schooling. Using the gradual phase-in of the reform between 1949 and 1962 across municipalities, we estimate insignificant effects of the reform on mortality in the affected cohort. From the confidence intervals, we con rule out effects' larger than 1-1.4 months of increased life expectancy. We find no significant impacts on mortality for individuals of low socioecono...
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作者：Chandrasekhar, Arun G.; Kinnan, Cynthia; Larreguy, Horacio
作者单位：Stanford University; Tufts University; Harvard University
摘要：Lack of well-functioning formal institutions leads to reliance on social networks to enforce informal contracts. Social proximity and network centrality may affect cooperation. To assess the extent to which networks substitute for enforcement, we conducted - high-stakes games across 34 Indian villages. We randomized subjects' partners and whether contracts were enforced to estimate how partners' relative network position differentially matters across contracting environments. While socially cl...
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作者：Ozier, Owen
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：I investigate whether a school-based deworming intervention in Kenya had long-term effects on young children. I exploit positive externalities from the program to estimate impacts on younger children who were not directly treated. Ten years after the intervention, I find large cognitive effects-comparable to between 0.5 and 0.8 years of schooling-for children who were less than one year old when their communities received school-based mass deworming treatment. I find no effect on child height ...
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作者：Oster, Emily
作者单位：Brown University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Individuals with obesity and related conditions are often reluctant to change their diet. Evaluating the details of this reluctance is hampered by limited data. I use household scanner data to estimate food purchase response to a diagnosis of diabetes. I use a machine learning approach to infer diagnosis from purchases of diabetes-related products. On average, households show significant, but relatively small, calorie reductions. These reductions are concentrated in unhealthy foods, suggesting...
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作者：Borgschulte, Mark; Martorell, Paco
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：This paper provides revealed preference estimates of the monetary value to workers of a lower unemployment rate at the time of job separation. By examining the decision between reenlisting and exiting the military, we find that service members would sacrifice 1.5-2 percent in earnings to avoid a 1 percentage point increase in the home-state unemployment rate during job search. Comparing these quantities to realized earnings losses for those who separate suggests that the value of nonwork time ...
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作者：Bartolucci, Cristian; Devicienti, Francesco; Monzon, Ignacio
作者单位：Collegio Carlo Alberto; University of Turin; Collegio Carlo Alberto
摘要：We propose a novel methodology to uncover the sorting pattern in labor markets. We identify the strength of sorting solely from a ranking affirms by profits. To discern the sign of sorting, we build a noisy ranking of workers from wage data. Our test for the sign of sorting is consistent even with noisy worker rankings. We apply our approach to a panel dataset that combines social security earnings records with detailed financial data for firms in the Veneto region of Italy. We find robust evi...
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作者：Attanasio, Orazio; Guarin, Arlen; Medina, Carlos; Meghir, Costas
作者单位：University of London; University College London; Banco de la Republica Colombia; Yale University
摘要：We evaluate the long-term impacts of a randomized Colombian training and job placement program. Following the large short-term effects, we now find that the program effects persist, increasing formal participation and earnings contributions to social security and working in larger firms. By using a large administrative source we are also able to establish that the program improved both male and female labor market outcomes by a similar amount-a result that was not apparent with the smaller eva...
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作者：Hjort, Jonas; Solvsten, Mikkel; Wust, Miriam
作者单位：Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This paper examines the long-run health effects of a universal infant health intervention, the 1937 Danish home visiting program, which targeted all infants. Using administrative population data and exploiting variation in the timing of implementation across municipalities, we find that treated individuals enjoy higher age-specific survival rates during middle age (45-64), experience fewer hospital nights, and are less likely to be diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. These results suggest t...
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作者：Li, Danielle
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：Evaluators with expertise in a particular field may have an informational advantage in separating good projects from bad. At the same time, they may also have personal preferences that impact their objectivity. This paper examines these issues in the context of peer review at the US National Institutes of Health. I show that evaluators are both better informed and more biased about the quality of projects in their own area. On net, the benefits of expertise weakly dominate the costs of bias. A...
