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作者：Janssen, Aljoscha; Zhang, Xuan
作者单位：Singapore Management University
摘要：This study investigates the role of retail pharmacy ownership in the opioid epidemic. Using data of prescription opioid orders, we show that compared with chain pharmacies, independent pharmacies dis-pense 39.1 percent more opioids and 60.5 percent more OxyContin. After an independent pharmacy becomes a chain pharmacy, opioid dispensing decreases. Using the OxyContin reformulation, which reduced nonmedical demand but not the legitimate medical demand, we show that at least one-third of the dif...
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作者：Deshpande, Manasi; Dizon-Ross, Rebecca
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Chicago
摘要：How does the expectation that a child will receive government benefits in adulthood affect parental investments in the child's human capital? Most parents whose children receive Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits overestimate the likelihood that their child will receive SSI benefits in adulthood. We present randomly selected families with the predicted likelihood that their child will receive SSI benefits in adulthood. Reducing parents' expectations that children will receive benefits...
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作者：Chan, David C.; Card, David; Taylor, Lowell
作者单位：US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); VA Palo Alto Health Care System; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：We study public versus private provision of health care for veterans aged 65 and older who may receive care provided by the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and in private hospitals financed by Medicare. Utilizing the ambulance design of Doyle et al. (2015), we find that the VA reduces 28- day mortality by 46 percent ( 4.5 percentage points) and that these survival gains are persistent. The VA also reduces 28- day spending by 21 percent and delivers strikingly different reported services...
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作者：Djourelova, Milena
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：I study the persuasive effects of slanted language, exploiting a ban on the politically charged term illegal immigrant by the Associated Press (AP) news wire. My empirical strategy combines the timing of the ban with variation across media outlets in their baseline reliance on AP copy. I document sizable diffusion of the ban from AP copy to media outlets. Moreover, individuals exposed to the ban through local media show significantly lower support for restrictive immi-gration policies. This ef...
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作者：Currie, Janet; Voorheis, John; Walker, Reed
作者单位：Princeton University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This project links administrative census microdata to spatially continuous measures of particulate pollution (PM2.5) to first doc-ument and then decompose the key drivers of convergence in black -white pollution exposure differences. We use quantile regression to show that a significant portion of the convergence in Black-White exposure is attributable to differential impacts of the Clean Air Act (CAA) in Black and White communities. Areas with larger Black populations saw greater CAA-related ...
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作者：Ito, Koichiro; Ida, Takanori; Tanaka, Makoto
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Kyoto University; National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies
摘要：We study a problem in which policymakers need to screen self- selected individuals by unobserved heterogeneity in social welfare gains from a policy intervention. In our framework, the marginal treatment effects and marginal treatment responses arise as key statistics to characterize social welfare. We apply this framework to a randomized field experiment on electricity plan choice. Consumers were offered welfare- improving dynamic pricing with randomly assigned take- up incentives. We find th...
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作者：Mulhern, Christine
作者单位：RAND Corporation
摘要：Counselors are a common school resource for students navigating complicated and consequential education choices. I estimate counselors' causal effects using quasi-random assignment policies in Massachusetts. Counselors vary substantially in their effectiveness at increasing high school graduation and college attendance, selectivity, and persistence. Counselor effects on educational attainment are similar in magnitude to teacher effects, but they flow through improved information and assistance...
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作者：Delacretaz, David; Kominers, Scott Duke; Teytelboym, Alexander
作者单位：University of Manchester; Harvard University; Harvard University; University of Oxford
摘要：Current refugee resettlement processes account for neither the prefer-ences of refugees nor the priorities of hosting communities. We intro-duce a new framework for matching with multidimensional knapsack constraints that captures the (possibly multidimensional) sizes of refugee families and the capacities of communities. We propose four refugee resettlement mechanisms and two solution concepts that can be used in refugee resettlement matching under various institutional and informational cons...
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作者：Egorov, Konstantin; Mukhin, Dmitry
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Empirical evidence shows that most international prices are sticky in dollars. This paper studies the policy implications of this fact in the context of an open economy model with general preferences, tech-nologies, asset markets, nominal rigidities, and a rich set of shocks. We show that although monetary policy is less efficient and cannot implement the flexible-price allocation, inflation targeting and a floating exchange rate remain robustly optimal in non-US econo-mies. The capital contro...
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作者：Sraer, D. A. V. I. D.; Thesmar, D. A. V. I. D.
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：We propose a method to estimate the effect of firm policies (e.g., bankruptcy laws) on allocative efficiency using (quasi -)experimen-tal evidence. Our approach takes general equilibrium effects into account and requires neither a structural estimation nor a precise assumption on how the experiment affects firms. Our aggregation formula relies on treatment effects of the policy on the distribution of output-to-capital ratios, which are easily estimated. We show this method is valid for a large...
