Science

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• Pharmaceutical pollution influences river-to-sea migration in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) AI翻译
  作者：Brand, Jack A.; Michelangeli, Marcus; Shry, Samuel J.; Moore, Eleanor R.; Bose, Aneesh P. H.; Cerveny, Daniel; Martin, Jake M.; Hellstroem, Gustav; McCallum, Erin S.; Holmgren, Annika; Thore, Eli S. J.; Fick, Jerker; Brodin, Tomas; Bertram, Michael G.
  作者单位：Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Zoological Society of London; Griffith University; Monash University; Karlstad University; Max Planck Society; University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice; Deakin University; Stockholm University; University of Namur; KU Leuven; Umea University
  摘要：Despite the growing threat of pharmaceutical pollution, we lack an understanding of whether and how such pollutants influence animal behavior in the wild. Using laboratory- and field-based experiments across multiple years in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar; n = 730), we show that the globally detected anxiolytic pollutant clobazam accumulates in the brain of exposed fish and influences river-to-sea migration success. Clobazam exposure increased the speed with which fish passed through two hydrop...
• Rules of engagement for condensins and cohesins guide mitotic chromosome formation AI翻译
  作者：Samejima, Kumiko; Gibcus, Johan H.; Abraham, Sameer; Cisneros-Soberanis, Fernanda; Samejima, Itaru; Beckett, Alison J.; Puacekova, Nina; Abad, Maria Alba; Spanos, Christos; Medina-Pritchard, Bethan; Paulson, James R.; Xie, Linfeng; Jeyaprakash, A. Arockia; Prior, Ian A.; Mirny, Leonid A.; Dekker, Job; Goloborodko, Anton; Earnshaw, William C.
  作者单位：University of Edinburgh; University of Massachusetts System; UMass Chan Medical School; University of Massachusetts Worcester; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Liverpool; University of Liverpool; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Oshkosh; University of Munich; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Worcester; UMass Chan Medical School; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Vienna Biocenter (VBC); Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA)
  摘要：We used Hi-C, imaging, proteomics, and polymer modeling to define rules of engagement for SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) complexes as cells refold interphase chromatin into rod-shaped mitotic chromosomes. First, condensin disassembles interphase chromatin loop organization by evicting or displacing extrusive cohesin. Second, condensin bypasses cohesive cohesins, thereby maintaining sister chromatid cohesion as sisters separate. Studies of mitotic chromosomes formed by cohesin, con...
• A PASSION FOR BATS AI翻译
  作者：Sunday, Orji
• AI drug development's data problem AI翻译
  作者：Gold, E. Richard; Cook-Deegan, Robert
  作者单位：McGill University; McGill University; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
  摘要：The future of drug discovery may be artificial intelligence (AI), but its present is not. AI is in its infancy in the field. To help AI mature, developers need nonproprietary, open, large, high-quality datasets to train and validate models, managed by independent organizations.
• Targeted MYC2 stabilization confers citrus Huanglongbing resistance AI翻译
  作者：Zhao, Pingzhi; Yang, Huan; Sun, Yanwei; Zhang, Jingyin; Gao, Kaixing; Wu, Jinbao; Zhu, Chengrong; Yin, Cece; Chen, Xiaoyue; Liu, Qi; Xia, Qiudong; Li, Qiong; Xiao, Han; Sun, Hai-Xi; Zhang, Xiaoxiao; Yi, Long; Zhou, Changyong; Kliebenstein, Daniel J.; Fang, Rongxiang; Wang, Xuefeng; Ye, Jian
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Microbiology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Guangxi University; Gannan Normal University; Southwest University - China; University of California System; University of California Davis
  摘要：Huanglongbing (HLB) is a devastating citrus disease. In this work, we report an HLB resistance regulatory circuit in Citrus composed of an E3 ubiquitin ligase, PUB21, and its substrate, the MYC2 transcription factor, which regulates jasmonate-mediated defense responses. A helitron insertion in the PUB21 promoter introduced multiple MYC2-binding cis-elements to create a regulatory circuit linking the PUB21 activity with MYC2 degradation. Ectopic expression of a natural dominant-negative PUB21 p...
• Commander complex regulates lysosomal function and is implicated in Parkinson's disease risk AI翻译
  作者：Minakaki, Georgia; Safren, Nathaniel; Bustos, Bernabe I.; Lubbe, Steven J.; Mencacci, Niccolo E.; Krainc, Dimitri
  作者单位：Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine
  摘要：Variants in GBA1 resulting in decreased lysosomal glucocerebrosidase (GCase) activity are a common risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Incomplete penetrance of GBA1 variants suggests that additional genes contribute to PD and DLB manifestation. By using a pooled genome-wide CRISPR interference screen, we identified copper metabolism MURR1 domain-containing 3 (COMMD3) protein, a component of the COMMD/coiled-coil domain-containing protein 22 (CCDC22)/CC...
• AGRICULTURE Is Indonesia's rice farming megaproject doomed to fail? AI翻译
  作者：Rochmyaningsih, Dyna
• Editor's note AI翻译
  作者：Thorp, H. Holden
• Direct neutrino-mass measurement based on 259 days of KATRIN data AI翻译
  作者：Aker, Max; Batzler, Dominic; Beglarian, Armen; Behrens, Jan; Beisenkoetter, Justus; Biassoni, Matteo; Bieringer, Benedikt; Biondi, Yanina; Block, Fabian; Bobien, Steffen; Boettcher, Matthias; Bornschein, Beate; Bornschein, Lutz; Caldwell, Tom S.; Carminati, Marco; Chatrabhuti, Auttakit; Chilingaryan, Suren; Daniel, Byron A.; Debowski, Karol; Descher, Martin; Barrero, Deseada Diaz; Doe, Peter J.; Dragoun, Otokar; Drexlin, Guido; Edzards, Frank; Eitel, Klaus; Ellinger, Enrico; Engel, Ralph; Enomoto, Sanshiro; Felden, Arne; Fengler, Caroline; Fiorini, Carlo; Formaggio, Joseph A.; Forstner, Christian; Fraenkle, Florian M.; Gauda, Kevin; Gavin, Andrew S.; Gil, Woosik; Glueck, Ferenc; Grohmann, Steffen; Groessle, Robin; Gumbsheimer, Rainer; Gutknecht, Nathanael; Hannen, Volker; Hasselmann, Leonard; Haussmann, Norman; Helbing, Klaus; Henke, Hanna; Heyns, Svenja; Hickford, Stephanie; Hiller, Roman; Hillesheimer, David; Hinz, Dominic; Hoehn, Thomas; Huber, Anton; Jansen, Alexander; Karl, Christian; Kellerer, Jonas; Khosonthongkee, Khanchai; Kleifges, Matthias; Klein, Manuel; Kohpeiss, Joshua; Koehler, Christoph; Koellenberger, Leonard; Kopmann, Andreas; Kovac, Neven; Kovalik, Alojz; Krause, Holger; La Cascio, Luisa; Lasserre, Thierry; Lauer, Joscha; Le, Thanh-Long; Lebeda, Ondrej; Lehnert, Bjoern; Li, Gen; Lokhov, Alexey; Machatschek, Moritz; Mark, Martin; Marsteller, Alexander; Martin, Eric L.; Melzer, Christin; Mertens, Susanne; Mohanty, Shailaja; Mostafa, Jalal; Mueller, Klaus; Nava, Andrea; Neumann, Holger; Niemes, Simon; Onillon, Anthony; Parno, Diana S.; Pavan, Maura; Pinsook, Udomsilp; Poon, Alan W. P.; Lopez Poyato, Jose Manuel; Pozzi, Stefano; Priester, Florian; Ralis, Jan; Ramachandran, Shivani; Robertson, R. G. Hamish; Rodenbeck, Caroline; Roellig, Marco; Roettele, Carsten; Rysav, Milos; Sack, Rudolf; Saenz, Alejandro; Salomon, Richard; Schaefer, Peter; Schloesser, Magnus; Schloesser, Klaus; Schlueter, Lisa; Schneidewind, Sonja; Schnurr, Ulrich; Schrank, Michael; Schuermann, Jannis; Schuetz, Ann-Kathrin; Schwemmer, Alessandro; Schwenck, Adrian; Sefcik, Michal; Siegmann, Daniel; Simon, Frank; Spanier, Felix; Spreng, Daniela; Sreethawong, Warintorn; Steidl, Markus; Storek, Jaroslav; Stribl, Xaver; Sturm, Michael; Suwonjandee, Narumon; Jerome, Nicholas Tan; Telle, Helmut H.; Thorne, Larisa A.; Thuemmler, Thomas; Tirolf, Simon; Titov, Nikita; Tkachev, Igor; Urban, Korbinian; Valerius, Kathrin; Venos, Drahoslav; Weinheimer, Christian; Welte, Stefan; Wendel, Juergen; Wiesinger, Christoph; Wilkerson, John F.; Wolf, Joachim; Wuestling, Sascha; Wydra, Johanna; Xu, Weiran; Zadorozhny, Sergey; Zeller, Genrich
  作者单位：Helmholtz Association; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Helmholtz Association; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; University of Munster; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Helmholtz Association; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Duke University; North Carolina State University; Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory; Polytechnic University of Milan; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Chulalongkorn University; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Wuppertal; Helmholtz Association; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Czech Academy of Sciences; Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Technical University of Munich; Max Planck Society; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Helmholtz Association; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Suranaree University of Technology; Suranaree University of Technology; Universite Paris Cite; CEA; Universite Paris Saclay; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Society; University of Milano-Bicocca; Autonomous University of Madrid; Humboldt University of Berlin; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Duke University
  摘要：That neutrinos carry a nonvanishing rest mass is evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model of elementary particles. Their absolute mass holds relevance in fields from particle physics to cosmology. We report on the search for the effective electron antineutrino mass with the KATRIN experiment. KATRIN performs precision spectroscopy of the tritium beta-decay close to the kinematic endpoint. On the basis of the first five measurement campaigns, we derived a best-fit value of m(nu)(2) = -0.14...
• Beyond-classical computation in quantum simulation AI翻译
  作者：King, Andrew D.; Nocera, Alberto; Rams, Marek M.; Dziarmaga, Jacek; Wiersema, Roeland; Bernoudy, William; Raymond, Jack; Kaushal, Nitin; Heinsdorf, Niclas; Harris, Richard; Boothby, Kelly; Altomare, Fabio; Asad, Mohsen; Berkley, Andrew J.; Boschnak, Martin; Chern, Kevin; Christiani, Holly; Cibere, Samantha; Connor, Jake; Dehn, Martin H.; Deshpande, Rahul; Ejtemaee, Sara; Farre, Pau; Hamer, Kelsey; Hoskinson, Emile; Huang, Shuiyuan; Johnson, Mark W.; Kortas, Samuel; Ladizinsky, Eric; Lanting, Trevor; Lai, Tony; Li, Ryan; MacDonald, Allison J. R.; Marsden, Gaelen; McGeoch, Catherine C.; Molavi, Reza; Oh, Travis; Neufeld, Richard; Norouzpour, Mana; Pasvolsky, Joel; Poitras, Patrick; Poulin-Lamarre, Gabriel; Prescott, Thomas; Reis, Mauricio; Rich, Chris; Samani, Mohammad; Sheldan, Benjamin; Smirnov, Anatoly; Sterpka, Edward; Trullas Clavera, Berta; Tsai, Nicholas; Volkmann, Mark; Whiticar, Alexander M.; Whittaker, Jed D.; Wilkinson, Warren; Yao, Jason; Yi, T. J.; Sandvik, Anders W.; Alvarez, Gonzalo; Melko, Roger G.; Carrasquilla, Juan; Franz, Marcel; Amin, Mohammad H.
  作者单位：University of British Columbia; Jagiellonian University; University of Toronto; Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence; University of Waterloo; Max Planck Society; Boston University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Simon Fraser University
  摘要：Quantum computers hold the promise of solving certain problems that lie beyond the reach of conventional computers. However, establishing this capability, especially for impactful and meaningful problems, remains a central challenge. Here, we show that superconducting quantum annealing processors can rapidly generate samples in close agreement with solutions of the Schrodinger equation. We demonstrate area-law scaling of entanglement in the model quench dynamics of two-, three-, and infinite-d...