Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Null mutants of a tomato Rho of plants exhibit enhanced water use efficiency without a penalty to yield AI翻译
  作者：Puli, Mallikarjuna R.; Muchoki, Purity; Yaaran, Adi; Gershon, Noga; Dalal, Ahan; Nalufunjo, Felista; Dagan, Yoav; Rosental, Leah; Abadi, Shiran; Haber, Zachary; Silva, Lucas; Brotman, Yariv; Sade, Nir; Yalovsky, Shaul
  作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; University of Oregon; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
  摘要：Improving water use efficiency in crops is a significant challenge as it involves balancing water transpiration and CO2 uptake through stomatal pores. This study investigates the role of SlROP9, a tomato Rho of Plants protein, in guard cells and its impact on plant transpiration. The results reveal that SlROP9 null mutants exhibit reduced stomatal conductance while photosynthetic CO2 assimilation remains largely unaffected. Notably, there is a notable decrease in whole - plant transpiration in...
• ZBP1 activation triggers hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell death resulting in bone marrow failure in mice AI翻译
  作者：Roderick-Richardson, Justine E.; Lim, Sung-Eun; Suzuki, Sakiko; Ahmad, Mohd Hafiz; Selway, Jonathan; Suleiman, Reem; Karna, Keshab; Lehman, Jesse; O'Donnell, Joanne; Castilla, Lucio H.; Maelfait, Jonathan; Rehwinkel, Jan; Kelliher, Michelle A.
  作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; UMass Chan Medical School; University of Massachusetts Worcester; University of Massachusetts System; UMass Chan Medical School; University of Massachusetts Worcester; Monash University; Ghent University; Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB); University of Oxford
  摘要：Human bone marrow failure (BMF) syndromes result from the loss of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC), and this loss has been attributed to cell death; however, the cell death triggers, and mechanisms remain unknown. During BMF, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) increase. These ligands are known to induce necroptosis, an inflammatory form of cell death mediated by RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL. We previously discovered that mice with a hematopoietic R...
• Structure of a tripartite protein complex that targets toxins to the type VII secretion system AI翻译
  作者：Klein, Timothy A.; Shah, Prakhar Y.; Gkragkopoulou, Polyniki; Grebenc, Dirk W.; Kim, Youngchang; Whitney, John C.
  作者单位：McMaster University; McMaster University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; McMaster University
  摘要：Type VII secretion systems are membrane-embedded nanomachines used by Gram-positive bacteria to export effector proteins from the cytoplasm to the extracellular environment. Many of these effectors are polymorphic toxins comprised of an N-terminal Leu-x-Gly (LXG) domain of unknown function and a C-terminal toxin domain that inhibits the growth of bacterial competitors. In recent work, it was shown that LXG effectors require two cognate Lap proteins for T7SS-dependent export. Here, we present t...
• Direct measurement of dynamic attractant gradients reveals breakdown of the Patlak-Keller-Segel chemotaxis model AI翻译
  作者：Phan, Trung V.; Mattingly, Henry H.; Vo, Lam; Marvin, Jonathan S.; Looger, Loren L.; Emonet, Thierry
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Yale University
  摘要：Chemotactic bacteria not only navigate chemical gradients, but also shape their environments by consuming and secreting attractants. Investigating how these processes influence the dynamics of bacterial populations has been challenging because of a lack of experimental methods for measuring spatial profiles of chemoattractants in real time. Here, we use a fluorescent sensor for aspartate to directly measure bacterially generated chemoattractant gradients during collective migration. Our measur...
• MFP1 defines the subchloroplast location of starch granule initiation AI翻译
  作者：Sharma, Mayank; Abt, Melanie R.; Eicke, Simona; Ilse, Theresa E.; Liu, Chun; Lucas, Miriam S.; Pfister, Barbara; Zeeman, Samuel C.
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
  摘要：Starch is one of the major carbohydrate storage compounds in plants. The biogenesis of starch granules starts with the formation of initials, which subsequently expand into granules. Several coiled-coil domain-containing proteins have been previously implicated with the initiation process, but the mechanisms by which they act remain largely elusive. Here, we demonstrate that one of these proteins, the thylakoid-associated MAR-BINDING FILAMENT-LIKE PROTEIN 1 (MFP1), specifically determines the ...
• Hormonal basis of sex differences in anesthetic sensitivity AI翻译
  作者：Wasilczuk, Andrzej Z.; Rinehart, Cole; Aggarwal, Adeeti; Stone, Martha E.; Mashour, George A.; Avidan, Michael S.; Kelz, Max B.; Proekt, Alex
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Washington University (WUSTL); University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：General anesthesia-a pharmacologically induced reversible state of unconsciousnes-senables millions of life-saving procedures. Anesthetics induce unconsciousness in part by impinging upon sexually dimorphic and hormonally sensitive hypothalamic circuits regulating sleep and wakefulness. Thus, we hypothesized that anesthetic sensitivity should be sex-dependent and modulated by sex hormones. Using distinct behavioral measures, we show that at identical brain anesthetic concentrations, female mic...
• Efr3b is essential for social recognition by modulating the excitability of CA2 pyramidal neurons AI翻译
  作者：Wei, Xiaojie; Wang, Jing; Yang, Enlu; Zhang, Yiping; Qian, Qi; Li, Xuekun; Huang, Fude; Sun, Binggui
  作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Shaoxing University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
  摘要：CA2 pyramidal neurons ( PNs) are associated with social behaviors. The mechanisms, however, remain to be fully investigated. Here, we report that Efr3b, a protein essential for phospholipid metabolism at the plasma membrane, is widely expressed in the brain, especially in the hippocampal CA2/CA3 areas. To assess the functional significance of Efr3b in the brain, we generated Efr3bf/f mice and crossed them with Nestin-cre mice to delete Efr3b specifically in the brain. We find that Efr3b defici...
• Polyphosphate kinase-1 regulates bacterial and host metabolic pathways involved in pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis AI翻译
  作者：Chugh, Saurabh; Tiwari, Prabhakar; Suri, Charu; Gupta, Sonu Kumar; Singh, Padam; Bouzeyen, Rania; Kidwai, Saqib; Srivastava, Mitul; Rameshwaram, Nagender Rao; Kumar, Yashwant; Asthana, Shailendra; Singh, Ramandeep
  作者单位：Department of Biotechnology (DBT) India; Translational Health Science & Technology Institute (THSTI); Pasteur Network; Universite de Tunis-El-Manar; Institut Pasteur Tunis
  摘要：Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is primarily synthesized by Polyphosphate Kinase-1 (PPK-1) and regulates numerous cellular processes, including energy metabolism, stress adaptation, drug tolerance, and microbial pathogenesis. Here, we report that polyP interacts with acyl CoA carboxylases, enzymes involved in lipid biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We show that deletion of ppk-1 in M. tuberculosis results in transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming. In comparison to the parental s...
• Anomalously enhanced ion transport and uptake in functionalized angstrom- scale two- dimensional channels AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Mingzhan; Sadhukhan, Tumpa; Lewis, Nicholas H. C.; Wang, Maoyu; He, Xiang; Yan, Gangbin; Ying, Dongchen; Hoenig, Eli; Han, Yu; Peng, Guiming; Lee, One-Sun; Shi, Fengyuan; Tiede, David M.; Zhou, Hua; Tokmakoff, Andrei; Schatz, George C.; Liu, Chong
  作者单位：University of Chicago; Northwestern University; SRM Institute of Science & Technology Chennai; University of Chicago; University of Chicago; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; Florida Institute of Technology; Jiangxi Normal University
  摘要：Emulating angstrom -scale dynamics of the highly selective biological ion channels is a challenging task. Recent work on angstrom -scale artificial channels has expanded our understanding of ion transport and uptake mechanisms under confinement. However, the role of chemical environment in such channels is still not well understood. Here, we report the anomalously enhanced transport and uptake of ions under confined MoS2-based channels that are -five angstroms in size. The ion uptake preferenc...
• All SNAP25 molecules in the vesicle-plasma membrane contact zone change conformation during vesicle priming AI翻译
  作者：Zhao, Ying; Fang, Qinghua; Sharma, Satyan; Jakhanwal, Shrutee; Jahn, Reinhard; Lindau, Manfred
  作者单位：Max Planck Society; Uppsala University; Max Planck Society; University of Miami
  摘要：In neuronal cell types, vesicular exocytosis is governed by the SNARE (soluble NSF attachment receptor) complex consisting of synaptobrevin2, SNAP25, and syntaxin1. These proteins are required for vesicle priming and fusion. We generated an improved SNAP25-based SNARE COmplex Reporter (SCORE2) incorporating mCeruelan3 and Venus and overexpressed it in SNAP25 knockout embryonic mouse chromaffin cells. This construct rescues vesicle fusion with properties indistinguishable from fusion in wild-ty...