Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• Cultural tightness and resilience against environmental shocks in nonindustrial societies AI翻译
  作者：Tverskoi, Denis; Ember, Carol R.; Gelfand, Michele J.; Jones, Eric C.; Skoggard, Ian; Toutee, Louise; Gavrilets, Sergey
  作者单位：University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Yale University; Stanford University; Stanford University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Health Science Center Houston; University of Texas School Public Health; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville
  摘要：With climate change intensifying, building resilience against climate-related shocks is now a global imperative. Historically, many societies have faced natural hazards, with some adapting through specific social and cultural practices. Understanding these responses is key to developing modern sustainability strategies. Here, we address this issue by developing a mathematical model explicitly accounting for various environmental shock dimensions, cooperative activities common in nonindustrial ...
• Nanoscale dynamics of Dynamin 1 helices reveals squeeze-twist deformation mode critical for membrane fission AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Yuliang; Lillo, Javier Vera; Abdelrasoul, Mahmoud Shaaban Mohamed; Wang, Yaqing; Arrasate, Pedro; Frolov, Vadim A.; Noy, Aleksandr
  作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); University of Basque Country; CSIC - UPV EHU - Instituto Biofisika; University of Basque Country; Basque Foundation for Science; University of California System; University of California Merced; Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology; Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya; Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques (ICFO); Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Assiut University
  摘要：Dynamin 1 (Dyn1) GTPase, a principal driver of membrane fission during synaptic endocytosis, self-assembles into short mechanoactive helices cleaving the necks of endocytic vesicles. While structural information about Dyn1 helix is abundant, little is known about the nanoscale dynamics of the helical scaffolding at the moment of fission, complicating mechanistic understanding of Dyn1 action. To address the role of the helix dynamics in fission, we used High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy (HS-AF...
• Understanding the puzzle of angular momentum conservation in beta decay and related processes AI翻译
  作者：Baym, Gordon; Peng, Jen-Chieh; Pethick, C. J.
  作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Copenhagen; Niels Bohr Institute; Royal Institute of Technology; Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics; Stockholm University
  摘要：We ask the question of how angular momentum is conserved in electroweak interaction processes. To introduce the problem with a minimum of mathematics, we first raise the same issue in elastic scattering of a circularly polarized photon by an atom, where the scattered photon has a different spin direction than the original photon, and note its presence in scattering of a fully relativistic spin-1/2 particle by a central potential. We then consider inverse beta decay in which an electron is emit...
• It's time to rethink the role of limited submissions in research funding AI翻译
  作者：Gardner, Jennifer Lyon; Stoddart, Chasmine; Wigginton, Nicholas S.
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Johns Hopkins University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
• Identification of movie encoding neurons enables movie recognition AI AI翻译
  作者：Hiramoto, Masaki; Cline, Hollis T.
  作者单位：Scripps Research Institute
  摘要：Natural visual scenes are dominated by spatiotemporal image dynamics, but how the visual system integrates movie information over time is unclear. We characterized optic tectal neuronal receptive fields using sparse noise stimuli and reverse correlation analysis. Neurons recognized movies of similar to 200- 600 ms durations with defined start and stop stimuli. Movie durations from start to stop responses were tuned by sensory experience though a hierarchical algorithm. Neurons encoded families...
• Identification of a dengue 2 virus envelope protein receptor in Aedes aegypti critical for viral midgut infection AI翻译
  作者：Kantor, Asher M.; Talyuli, Octavio A. C.; Reid, William R.; Alvarenga, Patricia Hessab; Booker, Jasmine; Lin, Jingyi; Franz, Alexander W. E.; Barillas, Carolina
  作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID); University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia
  摘要：The establishment of a productive dengue virus (DENV) infection in the midgut epithelial cells of Aedes aegypti is critical for the viral transmission cycle. The hypothesis that DENVvirions interact directly with specific mosquito midgut proteins was explored. We found that DENV serotype 2 (DENV2) pretreated with trypsin interacted with a single 31 kDa protein, identified as AAEL011180 by protein mass spectrometry. This putative receptor is a highly conserved protein and has orthologs in culic...
• Predicting multiple conformations of ligand binding sites in proteins suggests that AlphaFold2 may remember too much AI翻译
  作者：Lazou, Maria; Khan, Omeir; Nguyen, Thu; Padhorny, Dzmitry; Kozakov, Dima; Mccarthy, Diane Joseph -; Vajda, Sandor
  作者单位：Boston University; Boston University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University
  摘要：The goal of this paper is predicting the conformational distributions of ligand binding sites using the AlphaFold2 (AF2) protein structure prediction program with stochastic subsampling of the multiple sequence alignment (MSA). We explored the opening of cryptic ligand binding sites in 16 proteins, where the closed and open conformations define the expected extreme points of the conformational variation. Due to the many structures of these proteins in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), we were able ...
• Indirect reciprocity under opinion synchronization AI翻译
  作者：Murase, Yohsuke; Hilbe, Christian
  作者单位：RIKEN; Max Planck Society
  摘要：Indirect reciprocity is a key explanation for the exceptional magnitude of cooperation among humans. This literature suggests that a large proportion of human cooperation is driven by social norms and individuals' incentives to maintain a good reputation. This intuition has been formalized with two types of models. In public assessment models, all community members are assumed to agree on each others' reputations; in private assessment models, people may have disagreements. Both types of model...
• Optical imaging of the stochastic nucleation kinetics and intrinsic activation energy of single spin- crossover nanoparticles AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Shasha; Wang, Wei
  作者单位：Nanjing University; Nanjing University
  摘要：Cooperative spin crossover (SCO) compounds are one of the most promising molecular bistable solids due to their intriguing thermal hysteresis phenomena around room temperature. It is well known that hysteresis is an essential kinetic effect, however, accurate assessment of the spin transition kinetics of SCO nanomaterials remains scarce. Herein, we developed a thermal- optical methodology to image the thermally induced spin transition kinetics of single SCO nanoparticles in a quantitative, rep...
• Light-regulated chloroplast morphodynamics in a single-celled dinoflagellate AI翻译
  作者：Schramma, Nico; Canales, Gloria Casas; Jalaal, Maziyar
  作者单位：University of Amsterdam; University of Amsterdam
  摘要：Photosynthetic algae play a significant role in oceanic carbon capture. However, their performance is constantly challenged by fluctuations in environmental light conditions. While phototaxis is a common strategy to cope with such fluctuations, nonmotile species must adopt alternative mechanisms to avoid light-induced damage. Here, we show that the nonmotile, single-celled marine dinoflagellate Pyrocystis lunula contains a chloroplast network that undergoes strong deformation in response to st...