Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Extracellular vesicle formation in Euryarchaeota is driven by a small GTPase AI翻译
  作者：Mills, Joshua; Gebhard, L. Johanna; Schubotz, Florence; Shevchenko, Anna; Speth, Daan R.; Liao, Yan; Duggin, Iain G.; Marchfelder, Anita; Erdmann, Susanne
  作者单位：Max Planck Society; University of Bremen; Max Planck Society; Max Planck Society; University of Technology Sydney; Ulm University
  摘要：Since their discovery, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have changed our view on how organisms interact with their extracellular world. EVs are able to traffic a diverse array of molecules across different species and even domains, facilitating numerous functions. In this study, we investigate EV production in Euryarchaeota, using the model organism Haloferax volcanii. We uncover that EVs enclose RNA, with specific transcripts preferentially enriched, including those with regulatory potential, and...
• The reach of reactivation: Effects of consciously triggered versus unconsciously triggered reactivation of associative memory AI翻译
  作者：Tal, Amir; Schechtman, Eitan; Caughran, Bruce; Paller, Ken A.; Davachi, Lila
  作者单位：Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine; Northwestern University; Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research
  摘要：Consolidating memories for long - term storage depends on reactivation. Reactivation occurs both consciously, during wakefulness, and unconsciously, during wakefulness and sleep. While considerable work has examined conscious awake and unconscious sleep reactivation, in this study, we directly compare the consequences of conscious and unconscious reactivation during wakefulness. Forty - one participants learned associations consisting of adjective-object-position triads. Objects were clustered...
• Mechanistic links between physiology and spectral reflectance enable previsual detection of oak wilt and drought stress AI翻译
  作者：Sapes, Gerard; Schroeder, Lucy; Scott, Allison; Clark, Isaiah; Juzwik, Jennifer; Montgomery, Rebecca A.; Guzman, J. Antonio Q.; Bares, Jeannine Cavender-
  作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); United States Forest Service; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  摘要：Tree mortality due to global change-including range expansion of invasive pests and pathogens-is a paramount threat to forest ecosystems. Oak forests are among the most prevalent and valuable ecosystems both ecologically and economically in the United States. There is increasing interest in monitoring oak decline and death due to both drought and the oak wilt pathogen (Bretziella fagacearum). We combined anatomical and ecophysiological measurements with spectroscopy at leaf, canopy, and airbor...
• Electrostatic coupling and water bridging in adsorption hierarchy of biomolecules at water-clay interfaces AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Jiaxing; Wilson, Rebecca S.; Aristilde, Ludmilla
  作者单位：Northwestern University
  摘要：Clay minerals are implicated in the retention of biomolecules within organic matter in many soil environments. Spectroscopic studies have proposed several mechanisms for biomolecule adsorption on clays. Here, we employ molecular dynamics simulations to investigate these mechanisms in hydrated adsorbate conformations of montmorillonite, a smectite-type clay, with ten biomolecules of varying chemistry and structure, including sugars related to cellulose and hemicellulose, lignin- related phenoli...
• Bioorthogonal chemical labeling of endogenous neurotransmitter receptors in living mouse brains AI翻译
  作者：Nonaka, Hiroshi; Sakamoto, Seiji; Shiraiwa, Kazuki; Ishikawa, Mamoru; Tamura, Tomonori; Okuno, Kyohei; Kondo, Takumi; Kiyonaka, Shigeki; Susaki, Etsuo A.; Shimizu, Chika; Ueda, Hiroki R.; Kakegawa, Wataru; Arai, Itaru; Yuzaki, Michisuke; Hamachi, Itaru
  作者单位：Kyoto University; Japan Science & Technology Agency (JST); Nagoya University; Juntendo University; RIKEN; University of Tokyo; Keio University
  摘要：Neurotransmitter receptors are essential components of synapses for communication between neurons in the brain. Because the spatiotemporal expression profiles and dynamics of neurotransmitter receptors involved in many functions are delicately governed in the brain, in vivo research tools with high spatiotemporal resolution for receptors in intact brains are highly desirable. Covalent labeling by chemical reaction (chemical labeling) of proteins without genetic manipulation is now a powerful m...
• Malignant tumor cells engender second membrane-lined organelles for self- protection and tumor progression AI翻译
  作者：Yi, Tingfang; Wagner, Gerhard
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
  摘要：Cancer is a leading cause of mortality in humans, but the efficacy of current treatments for many cancers is limited, as they lack unique mechanistically defined targets. Here, we show that, upon malignant transformation, aggressive oncocells generate a second membrane exterior to their plasma membrane to form cytocapsulas (CCs) and cytocapsular tubes (CCTs), which all together constitute cytocapsular oncocells with pleotropic biological functions in cancer patient tissues in vivo. Proteomic a...
• Nutrient- derived signals regulate eosinophil adaptation to the small intestine AI翻译
  作者：Kutyavin, Vassily I.; Korn, Lisa L.; Medzhitov, Ruslan
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Yale University
  摘要：Eosinophils are well recognized as effector cells of type 2 immunity, yet they also accumuWe observed that eosinophils gradually migrate along the crypt-villus axis, giving rise to a villus- resident subpopulation with a distinct transcriptional signature. Retinoic acid signaling was specifically required for maintenance of this subpopulation, while IL- 5 was largely dispensable outside of its canonical role in eosinophil production. Surprisingly, we found that a high- protein diet suppressed ...
• Single- cell analysis of refractory anti- SRP necrotizing myopathy treated with anti- BCMA CAR- T cell therapy AI翻译
  作者：Qin, Chuan; Dong, Ming-Hao; Zhou, Luo-Qi; Wang, Wen; Cai, Song-Bai; You, Yun-Fan; Shang, Ke; Xiao, Jun; Wang, Di; Li, Chun-Rui; Zhang, Min; Bu, Bi-Tao; Tian, Dai-Shi; Wang, Wei
  作者单位：Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Huazhong University of Science & Technology
  摘要：Immune- mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is an autoimmune disorder associated with the presence of autoantibodies, characterized by severe clinical presentation with rapidly progressive muscular weakness and elevated levels of creatine kinase, while traditional pharmacological approaches possess varying and often limited effects. Considering the pathogenic role of autoantibodies, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) - T cells targeting B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) have emerged as a promisin...
• A universal design of restructured dimer antigens: Development of a superior vaccine against the paramyxovirus in transgenic rice AI翻译
  作者：Ma, Fanshu; Xu, Qianru; Wang, Aiping; Yang, Daichang; Li, Qingmei; Guo, Junqing; Zhang, Longxian; Ou, Jiquan; Li, Rui; Yin, Heng; Li, Kunpeng; Wang, Li; Wang, Yanan; Zhao, Xiangyue; Niu, Xiangxiang; Zhang, Shenli; Li, Xueyang; Chai, Shujun; Zhang, Erqin; Rao, Zihe; Zhang, Gaiping
  作者单位：Henan Agricultural University; Peking University; Longhu Laboratory; Zhengzhou University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Henan University; Wuhan University; Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University
  摘要：The development of vaccines, which induce effective immune responses while ensuring safety and affordability, remains a substantial challenge. In this study, we proposed a vaccine model of a restructured head-to-tail dimer to efficiently stimulate B cell response. We also demonstrate the feasibility of using this model to develop a paramyxovirus vaccine through a low-cost rice endosperm expression system. Crystal structure and small-angle X-ray scattering data showed that the restructured hema...
• PROKR1-CREB-NR4A2 axis for oxidative muscle fiber specification and improvement of metabolic function AI翻译
  作者：Mok, Jongsoo; Park, Jeong Hwan; Yeom, Su Chong; Park, Joonghoon
  作者单位：Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU)
  摘要：Metabolic disorders are characterized by an imbalance in muscle fiber composition, and a potential therapeutic approach involves increasing the proportion of oxidative muscle fibers. Prokineticin receptor 1 (PROKR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor that plays a role in various metabolic functions, but its specific involvement in oxidative fiber specification is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the functions of PROKR1 in muscle development to address metabolic disorders and muscular d...