Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Gut sulfide metabolism modulates behavior and brain bioenergetics AI翻译
  作者：Kumar, Roshan; Sykes, Delawrence J.; Band, Victor I.; Schaller, Megan L.; Patel, Romel; Vitvitsky, Victor; Sajjakulnukit, Peter; Singhal, Rashi; Wong, Harrison K. A.; Hourigan, Suchitra K.; Ichinose, Fumito; Lyssiotis, Costas A.; Shah, Yatrik M.; Banerjee, Ruma
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID); University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
  摘要：The host-microbiome interface is rich in metabolite exchanges and exquisitely sensitive to diet. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is present at high concentrations at this interface and is a product of both microbial and host metabolism. The mitochondrial enzyme, sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR), couples H2S detoxification to oxidative phosphorylation; its inherited deficiency presents as Leigh disease. Since an estimated two-thirds of systemic H2S metabolism originates in the gut, it raises questi...
• Structural basis of the hepatitis B virus X protein in complex with DDB1 AI翻译
  作者：Tanaka, Hiroki; Dias, Joao Diogo; Jay, Basile; Kita, Shunsuke; Sasaki, Mina; Takeda, Hiroyuki; Kishimoto, Naoki; Sasaki, Shunsuke; Misumi, Shogo; Mizokami, Masashi; Neuveut, Christine; Sumikama, Takashi; Shibata, Mikihiro; Maenaka, Katsumi; Machida, Shinichi
  作者单位：Universite de Montpellier; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Hokkaido University; Ehime University; Kumamoto University; Japan Institute for Health Security (JIHS); National Center for Global Health & Medicine - Japan; Kanazawa University; Kanazawa University; Hokkaido University; Hokkaido University; Hokkaido University; Kumamoto University
  摘要：A cure for chronic hepatitis B requires eliminating or permanently silencing covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). A pivotal target of this approach is the hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein (HBx), which is a key factor that promotes transcription from cccDNA. However, the HBx structure remains unsolved. Here, we present the cryoelectron microscopy structure of HBx in complex with DDB1, which is an essential complex for cccDNA transcription. In this structure, hydrophobic interactions within...
• Longitudinal trajectories of brain development from infancy to school age and their relationship with literacy development AI翻译
  作者：Turesky, Ted K.; Escalante, Elizabeth S.; Loh, Megan; Gaab, Nadine
  作者单位：Harvard University
  摘要：Reading is one of the most complex skills that we utilize daily, and it involves the early development and interaction of various lower- level subskills, including phonological processing and oral language. These subskills recruit brain structures, which begin to develop long before the skill manifests and exhibit rapid development during infancy. However, how longitudinal trajectories of early brain development in these structures support long- term acquisition of literacy subskills and subse...
• Resilience of deep aquifer microbial communities to seasonal hydrological fluctuations AI翻译
  作者：Giroud, Sebastien; Deng, Longhui; Lever, Mark A.; Schilling, Oliver S.; Kipfer, Rolf
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science & Technology (EAWAG); Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Basel; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
  摘要：The influence of seasonal variations in temperature and precipitation on subsurface biogeochemical processes remains poorly understood. In the Lavey-les-Bains thermal system in the Swiss Alps, annual variations in electrical conductivity are observed to depths of 500 m, suggesting a potential link to surface environmental changes. Here we show, through year-round analyses of stable water isotopes, noble gases, and conductivity, that seasonally varying contributions of shallow groundwater from ...
• Anthropogenic iron alters the spring phytoplankton bloom in the North Pacific transition zone AI翻译
  作者：Hawco, Nicholas J.; Conway, Tim M.; Coesel, Sacha N.; Barone, Benedetto; Seelen, Emily A.; Yang, Shun - Chung; Bundy, Randelle M.; Gonzalez, Paulina; Bian, Xiaopeng; Sieber, Matthias; Lanning, Nathan T.; Fitzsimmons, Jessica N.; Foreman, Rhea K.; Konig, Daniela; Groussman, Mora J.; Allen, James G.; Juranek, Lauren W.; White, Angelicque E.; Karl, David M.; Armbrust, E. Virginia; John, Seth G.
  作者单位：University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Southern California; University of Alaska System; University of Alaska Fairbanks; Oregon State University; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Morgan State University; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
  摘要：Industrial activities have increased the supply of iron to the ocean, but the magnitude of anthropogenic input and its ecological consequences are not well-constrained by observations. Across four expeditions to the North Pacific transition zone, we document a repeated supply of isotopically light iron from an atmospheric source in spring, reflecting an estimated 39 +/- 9 % anthropogenic contribution to the surface ocean iron budget. Expression of iron-stress genes in metatranscriptomes, and e...
• Increased excitatory synapse size in hippocampal place cells compared to silent cells AI翻译
  作者：Heredi, Judit; Olah, Gaspar; Sumegi, Mate; Lukacs, Istvan Paul; Aldahabi, Mohammad; Ujfalussy, Balazs B.; Makara, Judit K.; Nusser, Zoltan
  摘要：Neuronal activity in the hippocampus creates a cognitive map of space that is essential for navigation. In any given environment, a fraction of hippocampal pyramidal cells (PCs) is active at specific locations (place cells), others are sparsely active without spatial tuning, and a significant proportion of the PCs is entirely silent. The mechanisms underlying the vastly different activities of PCs in the rodent hippocampal CA1 area are unknown. Here, we measured the in vivo activity of CA1 PCs...
• Complexity myths and the misappropriation of evolutionary theory AI翻译
  作者：Lynch, Michael
  作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
  摘要：Recent papers by physicists, chemists, and geologists lay claim to the discovery of new principles of evolution that have somehow eluded over a century of work by evolutionary biologists, going so far as to elevate their ideas to the same stature as the fundamental laws of physics. These claims have been made in the apparent absence of any awareness of the theoretical framework of evolutionary biology that has existed for decades. The numerical indices being promoted suffer from numerous conce...
• The analgesic paracetamol metabolite AM404 acts peripherally to directly inhibit sodium channels AI翻译
  作者：Maatuf, Yossef; Kushnir, Yishai; Nemirovski, Alina; Ghantous, Mariana; Iskimov, Ariel; Binshtok, Alexander M.; Priel, Avi
  作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
  摘要：Paracetamol has been used for decades to relieve mild-to-moderate pain. Its analgesic effect is mainly attributed to its metabolite, AM404, acting on cannabinoid receptors or TRPV1 channels in central nervous system (CNS) neurons. Here, we show that AM404 is produced by primary sensory neurons. It inhibits sodium current in nociceptor neurons, blocking action potential (AP) generation and reducing nocifensive behavior in na & iuml;ve and inflamed rats. We demonstrated that this analgesic effec...
• Short- term study fails to capture negative impacts of livestock intensification on wildlife AI翻译
  作者：Ogutu, Joseph O.; Stabach, Jared A.; Hopcraft, J. Grant C.; Boone, Randall B.; Dublin, Holly T.; Dutton, Christopher L.; Gichira, Andrew; Guthmann, Abby; Herrik, Ask L.; Holekamp, Kay E.; Karimi, Rebekah R.; Kifugo, Shem C.; Leimgruber, Peter; Mogensen, Niels; Moiko, Stephen S.; Mukeka, Joseph M.; Nabaala, Harrison; Ndambuki, Stephen; Njino, Lucy M.; Ojwang, Gordon O.; Olff, Han; Packer, Craig; Parmuntoro, Lemein; Reid, Robin S.; Rioba, Rehema B.; Said, Mohammed Y.; Senteu, Jully S.; Subalusky, Amanda L.; Svenning, Jens- Christian; Thompson, Stewart; Uzal, Antonio; Veldhuis, Michiel P.; Buitenwerf, Robert
  作者单位：University Hohenheim; Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian National Zoological Park & Conservation Biology Institute; University of Glasgow; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Aarhus University; Michigan State University; University of Groningen; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; University of Nairobi; Nottingham Trent University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University
• ATP8B1 regulates PIP2 localization and cleavage of pyroptotic executioner Gasdermin D AI翻译
  作者：Bhandari, Nilam; Prince, Ashutosh; Khan, Mariam R.; Traughber, C. Alicia; Neupane, Kalash; Lorkowski, Shuhui W.; Brubaker, Gregory; Ertugral, Elif G.; Kothapalli, Chandrasekhar R.; Dubyak, George R.; Smith, Jonathan D.; Gulshan, Kailash
  作者单位：University System of Ohio; Cleveland State University; University System of Ohio; Cleveland State University; Cleveland Clinic Foundation; University System of Ohio; Cleveland State University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University
  摘要：Mutations in ATP8B1 cause progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, with symptoms including pruritus, pancreatitis, fat malabsorption, intestinal inflammation, and failure to thrive. High-throughput studies showed interconnection between ATP8B1 and phosphoinositide (PIPs), but the mechanism linking ATP8B1, lipid metabolism, and inflammation remains unclear. Atp8b1G308V/G308Vmouse model, unbiased RNAseq, high-resolution-stimulation emission depltion (STED)-microscopy, and Crispr-Cas9 gener...