Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• The file drawer problem in social science survey experiments AI翻译
  作者：Moniz, Philip; Druckman, James N.; Freese, Jeremy
  作者单位：Northeastern University; University of Rochester; Stanford University
  摘要：The file drawer problem-often operationalized in terms of statistically significant results being published and statistically insignificant not being published-is widely documented in the social sciences. We extend Franco's et al. [Science 345, 1502-1505(2014)] seminal study of the file drawer problem in survey experiments submitted to the Time-sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences (TESS) data collection program. We examine projects begun after Franco et al. The updated period coincides ...
• Dynamics of an algae-bacteria microcosm: Photosynthesis, chemotaxis, and expulsion in inhomogeneous active matter AI翻译
  作者：Prakash, Praneet; Baig, Yasa; Peaudecerf, Francois J.; Goldstein, Raymond E.
  作者单位：University of Cambridge; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Physics (INP); Universite de Rennes
  摘要：In nature, there are significant relationships known between microorganisms from two kingdoms of life, as in the supply of vitamin B12 by bacteria to algae. Such interactions motivate general investigations into the spatiotemporal dynamics of metabolite exchanges. Here we study by experiment and theory a model system: a coculture of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis, an obligate aerobe that is chemotactic to oxygen, and a nonmotile mutant of the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which photosynthet...
• Connectional axis of individual functional variability: Patterns, structural correlates, and relevance for development and cognition AI翻译
  作者：Yang, Hang; Wu, Guowei; Li, Yaoxin; Xu, Xiaoyu; Cong, Jing; Xu, Haoshu; Ma, Yiyao; Li, Yang; Chen, Runsen; Pines, Adam; Xu, Ting; Sydnor, Valerie J.; Satterthwaite, Theodore D.; Cui, Zaixu
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Peking Union Medical College; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Psychology, CAS; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Beijing Normal University; Peking University; Tsinghua University; Stanford University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：The human cerebral cortex exhibits intricate interareal functional synchronization at the macroscale, with substantial individual variability in these functional connections. However, the spatial organization of functional connectivity (FC) variability across the human connectome edges and its significance in cognitive development remain unclear. Here, we identified a connectional axis in the edge-level FC variability. The variability declined continuously along this axis from within-network t...
• Behold the scale of global zoogeomorphic activity AI翻译
  作者：Francis, Robert A.
  作者单位：University of London; King's College London
• Cell-matrix feedback controls stretch- induced cellular memory and fibroblast activation AI翻译
  作者：Hong, Yuan; Peng, Xiangjun; Yu, Haomin; Jafari, Mohammad; Shakiba, Delaram; Huang, Yuxuan; Qu, Chengqing; Melika, Ermia E.; Tawadros, Andrew K.; Mujahid, Aliza; Huang, Yin-Yuan; Sandler, Jacob A.; Pryse, Kenneth M.; Sacks, Justin M.; Elson, Elliot L.; Genin, Guy M.; Alisafaei, Farid
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Johns Hopkins University; New Jersey Institute of Technology; Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL)
  摘要：Mechanical stretch can activate long- lived changes in fibroblasts, increasing their contractility and initiating phenotypic transformations. This activation, critical to wound healing and procedures such as skin grafting, increases with mechanical stimulus for cells cultured in two- dimensional but is highly variable in cells in three- dimensional (3D) tissue. Here, we show that static mechanical stretch of cells in 3D tissues can either increase or decrease fibroblast activation depending up...
• NBS1 facilitates preribosomal RNA biogenesis AI翻译
  作者：Luo, Man; Yu, Xiaochun
  作者单位：Fudan University; Westlake Laboratory; Westlake University; Westlake University
  摘要：Mutations in the NBS1 gene result in Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS), and the gene encodes NBS1 that forms a complex with MRE11 and RAD50 and participates in DNA damage repair. However, the molecular mechanism by which NBS1 mutations cause clinical phenotypes of NBS, such as craniofacial dysmorphism, is still unclear. Here, we show that NBS1 localizes at the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) loci in nucleoli and interacts with ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcription machinery including RNA polymerase I (PolI) ...
• Quantifying compositional variability in microbial communities with FAVA AI翻译
  作者：Morrison, Maike L.; Xue, Katherine S.; Rosenberg, Noah A.; Clark, Andrew
  作者单位：Stanford University
  摘要：Microbial communities vary across space, time, and individual hosts, generating a need for statistical methods capable of quantifying variability across multiple microbiome samples at once. To understand heterogeneity across microbiome samples from different host individuals, sampling times, spatial locations, or experimental replicates, we present FAVA (FST-based Assessment of Variability across vectors of relative Abundances), a framework for characterizing compositional variability across t...
• Periarteriolar niches become inflamed in aging bone marrow, remodeling the stromal microenvironment and depleting lymphoid progenitors AI翻译
  作者：Du, Liming; Freitas, Maria Angelica; Zhang, Jingzhu; Zhang, Jingzhu; Xue, Yuanyuan; Veettil, Reshma T.; Zhao, Zhiyu; Morrison, Sean J.
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
  摘要：In early postnatal and young adult bone marrow, Leptin receptor-expressing (LepR+) stromal cells and endothelial cells synthesize factors required for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance, including Stem Cell Factor (SCF) and Cxcl12. However, little is known about how these stromal cells change during aging. We performed single- cell RNA sequencing of mouse bone marrow stromal cells at 2, 12, and 24 mo of age. We identified five transcriptionally distinct subsets of LepR+ cells, all of wh...
• Emergent quantum state unveiled by ultrafast collective dynamics in 1T-TaS2 AI翻译
  作者：Hasaien, Jiazila; Wu, Yanling; Shi, Mengzhu; Zhai, Yanni; Wu, Qiong; Liu, Zheng; Zhou, Yi; Chen, Xianhui; Zhao, Jimin
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Tsinghua University; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory
  摘要：Charge density wave (CDW) material 1T- TaS2 was proposed as a quantum spin liquid candidate, on which a cluster Mott insulator comes into being below the transition temperature. We report an experimental ultrafast generation and detection of the coherent amplitude mode (AM) of its CDW state. A salient feature emerges: The coherent CDW mode AM exhibits an unusual T3.56 temperature dependence below 65 K, in addition to the T2 temperature dependence observed in the 65 to 200 K range. This behavio...
• Deep-water corals indicate the Red Sea survived the last glacial lowstand AI翻译
  作者：Chakraborty, Morgan I.; Sharifi, Arash; Benzoni, Francesca; Tissot, Francois L. H.; Pourmand, Ali; Taviani, Marco; Howes, Bolton; Swart, Peter K.; Lu, Choajin; Rodrigue, Mattie; Purkis, Sam J.; Kennett, James
  作者单位：University of Miami; King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; California Institute of Technology; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto di Scienze Marine (ISMAR-CNR); Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn
  摘要：The Red Sea, a nascent ocean basin connected to the Indian Ocean via a shallow strait, is assumed to have experienced significant environmental changes during the last glacial period due to a sea- level drop likely exceeding 110 m. This study investigates the hypothesis that hydrodynamic restriction led to severe ecological impacts, including basin- wide extinction due to elevated salinity followed by a short time of oxygen depletion. Uranium-Thorium dating of deep- water corals (DWCs) from 26...