Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• In situ structures of the Legionella Dot/Icm T4SS identify the DotA-IcmX complex as the gatekeeper for effector translocation AI翻译
  作者：Yue, Jian; Heydari, Samira; Park, Donghyun; Chetrit, David; Tachiyama, Shoichi; Guo, Wangbiao; Botting, Jack M.; Wu, Shenping; Roy, Craig R.; Liu, Jun
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Yale University; Scripps Research Institute; Johns Hopkins University
  摘要：The Dot/Icm machine of Legionella pneumophila is among the most versatile type IV secretion systems (T4SSs), capable of translocating more than 330 distinct effector proteins across the bacterial envelope into host cells. Assembly and function of the system require at least 27 Dot and Icm proteins, yet its architecture and activation mechanism remain poorly understood at the molecular level. Here, we deploy in situ single-particle cryoelectron microscopy to determine near-atomic structures of ...
• Reply to Quillien: Intuitive preferences and interpretive humility in intentionality judgments AI翻译
  作者：Gervais, Will M.; McKay, Ryan T.; Brown-Iannuzzi, Jazmin L.; Ross, Robert M.; Pennycook, Gordon; Jong, Jonathan; Lanman, Jonathan A.
  作者单位：Brunel University; University of London; Royal Holloway University London; University of Virginia; Macquarie University; Cornell University; Coventry University; Queens University Belfast
• Nanoscale restructuring of the immune synapse with an engager enhances NK cell function AI翻译
  作者：Hazime, Khodor S.; Sheppard, Sam; Niembro-Vivanco, Olatz; Hosty, Cathal; Thomas, Heather; Loosbroock, Christopher; Peiser, Leanne; Davis, Daniel M.
  作者单位：Imperial College London; University of Manchester; Bristol-Myers Squibb
  摘要：Engagers are antibody-based therapies which bind immune cell receptors and a target cell ligand. Next-gen engagers typically bind two activating receptors, but the effect of this on immune synapse formation and signaling is unknown. Here, we coligated activating receptors CD16a and NKG2D on natural killer (NK) cells with a CD33-binding anti-acute myeloid leukemia (AML) engager. Superresolution microscopy revealed that coligating CD16a and NKG2D with a single molecule triggered their nanoscale ...
• Designing for cooperative grain boundary segregation in multicomponent alloys AI翻译
  作者：Wagih, Malik; Naunheim, Yannick; Lei, Tianjiao; Schuh, Christopher A.
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Northwestern University
  摘要：Tailoring the nanoscale distribution of chemical species at grain boundaries is a powerful method to dramatically influence the properties of polycrystalline materials. However, classical approaches to the problem have tacitly assumed that only competition is possible between solute species. In this paper, we show that solute elements can cooperate in the way they segregate to grain boundaries: In properly targeted alloys, the different chemical species cooperate to each fill complementary gra...
• Single-cell transcriptome combined with genetic tracing reveals a roadmap of fibrosis formation during proliferative vitreoretinopathy AI翻译
  作者：Liao, Mengyu; Ye, Zhisheng; Zhao, Yumeng; Nan, Jiaying; Liu, Yuming; Yao, Xueming; Yang, Tianjing; Guo, Ju; Jin, Xin; Zhang, Hong; You, Caiyun; Xu, Heping; Yu, Jinguo; Chen, Yupeng; Wang, Xiaohong; Yan, Hua
  作者单位：Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin Medical University; Nankai University; Harbin Medical University; Queens University Belfast; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin Medical University
  摘要：Ocular fibrosis, a severe consequence of excessive retinal wound healing, can lead to vision loss following retinal injury. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), a common form of ocular fibrosis, is a major cause of blindness, characterized by the formation of extensive fibrous proliferative membranes. Understanding the cellular origins of PVR-associated fibroblasts (PAFs) is essential to decipher the mechanisms of ocular wound healing. In this study, we combined single-cell transcriptomics w...
• Interventions to bolster benefits take-up: Assessing intensity, framing, and targeting of government outreach AI翻译
  作者：Linos, Elizabeth; Lasky-Fink, Jessica; Dorie, Vincent; Rothstein, Jesse
  作者单位：Harvard University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
  摘要：Behaviorally informed nudges are widely used in government outreach but are often seen as too modest to address poverty at scale. In four field experiments over 2 y (n = 542,804 low-income households), we test whether more proactive communication, varying message framing, and more precise targeting can boost take-up of tax-based benefits in California above and beyond traditional light-touch approaches. Our interventions focused on extremely vulnerable households, most with no prior-year earni...
• Spontaneous glutamate release activates mGluR signaling to drive rapid antidepressant responses AI翻译
  作者：McCarthy, Clara I.; Ma, Z. Zack; Monteggia, Lisa M.; Kavalali, Ege T.
  作者单位：Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University
  摘要：Major depressive disorder affects millions worldwide, yet current treatments require prolonged administration. In contrast, ketamine produces rapid antidepressant effects by blocking spontaneous N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor signaling, which lifts the suppression of protein synthesis and triggers homeostatic synaptic plasticity. Here, we identify a parallel signaling pathway involving metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) that promotes rapid antidepressant-like effects. We show tha...
• Neonatal and Pediatric Critical Care AI翻译
  作者：Racette, Molly
  作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
  摘要：There are significant differences in the critical care of neonatal and pediatric patients as compared with adults. These patients have their own reference intervals, which can change rapidly as they develop. The rate of this change will be unique to the individual and the veterinary literature provides few concrete recommendations. As recommendations are applied to each patient, close reassessment is needed to further refine their treatment plan. Attention to how neonatal and pediatric physiol...
• Measuring multisubunit mechanics of geometrically programmed colloidal assemblies via cryo-EM multi-body refinement AI翻译
  作者：[Anonymous]
  摘要：Programmable self-assembly has recently enabled the creation of complex structures through precise control of the interparticle interactions and the particle geometries. Targeting ever more structurally complex, dynamic, and functional assemblies necessitates going beyond the design of the structure itself, to the measurement and control of the local flexibility of the intersubunit connections and its impact on the collective mechanics of the entire assembly. In this study, we demonstrate a me...
• Quantum metric-induced giant and reversible nonreciprocal transport phenomena in chiral loop-current phases of kagome metals AI翻译
  作者：Tazai, Rina; Yamakawa, Youichi; Morimoto, Takahiro; Kontani, Hiroshi
  作者单位：Kyoto University; Nagoya University; University of Tokyo
  摘要：Emergence of quantum orders with nontrivial quantum geometric properties in metals represent central issues in condensed matter physics. In this context, recently discovered chiral loop-current order in kagome metals has garnered significant attention. Particularly noteworthy is the giant electrical magnetochiral anisotropy (eMChA) observed in CsV3Sb5, which provides compelling evidence for the simultaneous breaking of time-reversal and inversion symmetries. However, the origin of the eMChA an...