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作者：Hansen, Lars Peter; Miao, Jianjun; Xing, Hao
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Chicago; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Boston University; Boston University
摘要：Rational inattention models characterize optimal decision-making in data-rich environ-ments. In such environments, it can be costly to look carefully at all of the information.Some information is much more salient for the decision at hand and merits closerscrutiny. The inattention decision model formalizes this choice and deduces how bestto navigate through the potentially vast array of data when making decisions. In therational formulation, the decision-maker commits fully to a subjective pri...
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作者：Preh, Ebimobowei O.; Ramirez, Manuel A.; Mohan, Sidharth; Guy, Chante R.; Bell-Pedersen, Deborah
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要：Misregulation of the activity of GCN2, the kinase that phosphorylates and inactivates translation initiation factor eIF2 alpha, has been implicated in several health disorders, underscoring the need to determine the mechanisms controlling GCN2 activation. During nutrient starvation, increased uncharged tRNA levels trigger GCN1 and GCN20 proteins to mediate the binding of uncharged tRNA to GCN2 to activate the kinase to phosphorylate eIF2 alpha. Under constant conditions, activation of the Neur...
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作者：Towsif, Ekram M.; Shekhar, Shashank
作者单位：Emory University
摘要：Cellular actin networks exhibit distinct assembly and disassembly dynamics, primarily driven by multicomponent reactions occurring at the two ends of actin filaments. While barbed ends are recognized as the hotspot for polymerization, depolymerization is predominantly associated with pointed ends. Consequently, mechanisms promoting barbed- end depolymerization have received relatively little attention. Here, using microfluidics- assisted three- color single- molecule imaging, we reveal that cy...
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作者：Zheng, Guoxin; Zhu, Yuan; Chen, Kuan-Wen; Kang, Byungmin; Zhang, Dechen; Jenkins, Kaila; Chan, Aaron; Zeng, Zhenyuan; Xu, Aini; Valenzuela, Oscar A.; Blawat, Joanna; Singleton, John; Li, Shiliang; Lee, Patrick A.; Li, Lu
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory
摘要：In metals, electrons in a magnetic field undergo cyclotron motion, leading to oscillations in physical properties called quantum oscillations. This phenomenon has never been seen in a robust insulator because there are no mobile electrons. We report an exception to this rule. We study a Mott insulator on a kagome lattice which does not order magnetically down to milli-Kelvin temperatures despite antiferromagnetic interactions. We observe a plateau at magnetization equal to 9 1Bohr magneton per...
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作者：Effenberger, Felix; Carvalho, Pedro; Dubinin, Igor; Singer, Wolf
作者单位：Max Planck Society
摘要：The dynamics of neuronal systems are characterized by hallmark features such as oscillations and synchrony. However, it has remained unclear whether these characteristics are epiphenomena or are exploited for computation. Due to the challenge of selectively interfering with oscillatory network dynamics in neuronal systems, we simulated recurrent networks of damped harmonic oscillators in which oscillatory activity is enforced in each node, a choice well supported by experimental findings. When...
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作者：Khadim, Fahad K.; Getirana, Augusto; Bindlish, Rajat; Biswas, Nishan Kumar; Nie, Wanshu; Lahmers, Timothy M.; Kumar, Sujay V.
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作者：Tlusty, Tsvi; Libchaber, Albert
作者单位：Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology (UNIST); Rockefeller University
摘要：Life is invasive, occupying all physically accessible scales, stretching between almost nothing (protons, electrons, and photons) and almost everything (the whole biosphere). Motivated by seventeenth-century insights into this infinity, this paper proposes a language to discuss life as an infinite double cascade of machines making machines. Using this simplified language, we first discuss the micro-cascade proposed by Leibniz, which describes how the self-reproducing machine of the cell is bui...
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作者：Wang, Lianlei; Liu, Zhaoyang; Zhao, Sen; Xu, Kexin; Aceves, Valeria; Qiu, Cheng; Feng, Hong Colleen; Bian, Fangzhou; He, Jingyu; Song, Christina J.; Troutwine, Benjamin; Liu, Lian; Ma, Samuel; Niu, Yuchen; Wang, Shengru; Yuan, Suomao; Li, Xiaoxin; Zhao, Lina; Liu, Xinyu; Qiu, Guixing; Wu, Zhihong; Zhang, Terry Jianguo; Gray, Ryan S.; Wu, Nan
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Peking Union Medical College; Peking Union Medical College Hospital; Shandong University; University of Southern California; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Southern California; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Peking Union Medical College Hospital; Peking Union Medical College
摘要：SOX9 is a crucial transcriptional regulator of cartilage development and homeostasis. Dysregulation of SOX9 is associated with a wide spectrum of skeletal disorders, including campomelic dysplasia, acampomelic campomelic dysplasia, and scoliosis. Yet how SOX9 variants contribute to the spectrum of axial skeletal disorders is not well understood. Here, we report four pathogenic variants of SOX9 identified in a cohort of patients with congenital vertebral malformations. We report a pathogenic mi...
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作者：Chen, Fang-Yuan; Geng, Wen-Chao; Chen, Meng-Meng; Fu, Rong; Han, Han; Zhang, Zhan-Zhan; Li, Wen-Bo; Cheng, Yuan-Qiu; Li, Juan-Juan; Stoddart, J. Fraser; Cai, Kang; Guo, Dong-Sheng
作者单位：Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering Tianjin; Nankai University; Nankai University; University of Hong Kong; Tianjin Medical University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：On the one hand, nature utilizes hierarchical assemblies to create complex biological binding pockets, enabling ultrastrong recognition toward substrates in aqueous solutions. On the other hand, chemists have been fervently pursuing high-affinity recognition by constructing covalently well-preorganized stereoelectronic cavities. The potential of noncovalent assembly, however, for enhancing molecular recognition has long been underestimated. Inspired by (strept)avidin, an amphiphilic azocalix[4...
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作者：Atlas, Rachel; Podglajen, Aurelien; Wilson, Richard; Hertzog, Albert; Plougonven, Riwal
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Sorbonne Universite; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; Sorbonne Universite
摘要：The tropical stratosphere is the gateway to the global stratosphere and a commonly proposed location for solar geoengineering. The dynamics of this remote and difficult to observe region are poorly understood, particularly at turbulent length scales. Existing observational estimates of turbulence frequency and strength vary widely. Furthermore, the sources of turbulence and the relationship between turbulence and the mean flow are largely unknown. We assembled a 21-y database of high vertical ...
