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作者：Vidal, Mayra C.; Liu, Cong; Wang, Shengpei; Segraves, Kari A.
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Boston; Harvard University; Syracuse University; National Science Foundation (NSF)
摘要：Coevolution is a ubiquitous driver of diversification in both mutualistic and antagonistic interactions between species. In mutualisms, coevolution can result in trait complementarity between partners that facilitates their persistence. Despite its importance, most of what we know about coevolution in mutualism comes from obligate interactions, whereas we know comparatively little about facultative interactions, arguably the most common type of mutualism. To evaluate coevolutionary dynamics in...
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作者：Gippert, Magdalena; Shih, Pei-Cheng; Heed, Tobias; Howard, Ian S.; Idaji, Mina Jamshidi; Villringer, Arno; Sehm, Bernhard; Nikulin, Vadim V.
作者单位：Max Planck Society; Salzburg University; Salzburg University; University of Plymouth; Technical University of Berlin; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg
摘要：Motor imagery is frequently utilized to improve the performance of specific target movements in sports and rehabilitation. In this study, we show that motor imagery can facilitate learning of not only the imagined target movements but also sequentially linked overt movements. Hybrid sequences comprising imagined and physically executed segments allowed participants to learn specific movement characteristics of the executed segments when they were consistently associated with specific imagined ...
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作者：Pelentritou, Andria; Pfeiffer, Christian; Iten, Manuela; Haenggi, Matthias; Zubler, Frederic; Schwartz, Sophie; De Lucia, Marzia
作者单位：University of Lausanne; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV); University of Bern; University Hospital of Bern; University of Zurich; University Zurich Hospital; University of Bern; University of Geneva; University of Geneva
摘要：In healthy awake individuals, the neural processing of bodily signals is not only essential for survival but can also influence perception and compete with external stimulus processing. Yet, the mechanism underlying this bidirectional processing of bodily and external stimuli, as well as its persistence or modulation in unconscious states, remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of cardiac activity on auditory regularity processing in coma. We recorded continuous electroencepha...
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作者：Santamaria, Carolina; Biegas, Kyle J.; Lim, Pamelia N.; Cabral, Jessica; Kim, Christi Y.; Lee, James R.; Gaidhane, Ishani, V; Papson, Casey; Gomard- Henshaw, Kyla; Rothchild, Alissa C.; Swarts, Benjamin M.; Siegrist, M. Sloan
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; Central Michigan University; Central Michigan University; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
摘要：Mycobacterial cell envelopes are rich in unusual lipids and glycans that play key roles during infection and vaccination. The most abundant envelope glycolipid is trehalose dimycolate (TDM). TDM compromises the host response to mycobacterial species via multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of phagosome maturation. The molecular mechanism by which TDM inhibits phagosome maturation has been elusive. We find that a clickable, photoaffinity TDM probe recapitulates key phenotypes of native TDM...
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作者：Mandelboim, Ofer; Porgador, Angel
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
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作者：Rambert, Camille; Nield, Joanna M.; Narteau, Clement; Delorme, Pauline; Wiggs, Giles F. S.; Baddock, Matthew C.; Best, Jim; Christensen, Kenneth T.; Claudin, Philippe
作者单位：Universite PSL; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite; University of Southampton; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite; Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Oxford; Loughborough University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver; Children's Hospital Colorado; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
摘要：Desert surfaces are typically nonuniform, with individual sand dunes generally surrounded by gravel or nonerodible beds. Similarly, beaches vary in composition and moisture that enhances cohesion between the grains. These bed heterogeneities affect the aeolian transport properties greatly and can then influence the emergence and dynamics of bedforms. Here, we propose a model that describes how, due to transport capacity being greater on consolidated than erodible beds, patches of sand can grow...
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作者：Biswas, Rupam; Lopez-Serrano, Ana Laura; Purohit, Apoorva; Ramirez-Navarro, Angelina; Huang, Hsiang-Ling; Grandinetti, Giovanna; Cheng, Xiaolin; Heissler, Sarah M.; Deschenes, Isabelle; Chinthalapudi, Krishna
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：Voltage- gated Nav1.5 channels are central to the generation and propagation of cardiac action potentials. Aberrations in their function are associated with a wide spectrum of cardiac diseases including arrhythmias and heart failure. Despite decades of progress in Nav1.5 biology, the lack of structural insights into intracellular regions has hampered our understanding of its gating mechanisms. Here, we present two cryo- EM structures of human Nav1.5 in open states, revealing sequential conform...
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作者：Smelyansky, Stephanie R.; Ma, Chi - Wang; Marando, Victoria M.; Babunovic, Gregory H.; Lee, So Young; Bryson, Bryan D.; Kiessling, Laura L.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Ragon Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Mtb cell envelope glycans are potent virulence factors that play key roles in mediating infection of host tissues and modulating the host immune response. However, there are few ways to site-selectively modify and label these or any glycans to study their functions in disease. This gap arises because glycans generally lack functional groups amenable to bioconjugation strategies. Methylthioxylofuranose (MTX), a rare monosac...
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作者：Hessel, Anthony L.
作者单位：University of Munster
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作者：Master, Allison; Meltzoff, Andrew N.; Tang, Daijiazi; Cheryan, Sapna
作者单位：University of Houston System; University of Houston; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：STEM disciplines are traditionally stereotyped as being for men and boys. However, in two preregistered studies of Grades 1 to 12 students in the United States (N = 2,765), we find a significant divergence in students' gender stereotypes about different STEM fields. Gender stereotypes about computer science and engineering more strongly favored boys than did gender stereotypes about math and science. These patterns hold across genders, intersections of gender and race/ethnicity, and two geogra...
