Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• Reinstating memories' temporal context at encoding causes Sisyphus-like memory rejuvenation AI翻译
  作者：Baeuml, Karl-Heinz T.; Meixensperger, Sarah R.; Hirsch, Marilena L.
  作者单位：University of Regensburg
  摘要：As memories age, their immediate retrievability decreases albeit, due to ongoing memory consolidation, their future rate of forgetting weakens. Here, we show in two experiments (N = 1.216 participants) that mentally traveling back in time to older memories' temporal context at encoding reverses the two effects and makes the memories similar again to how they were at an earlier point in time. Mental time travel increased both the memories' immediate retrievability and their future rate of forge...
• Cognitive processes of ingroup favoritism across 20 countries: An eye- tracking investigation of culture, behavior, and cognition AI翻译
  作者：Rahal, Rima - Maria; Spuntrup, Frederik Schulze
  作者单位：Max Planck Society; Vienna University of Economics & Business
  摘要：Whether and to what degree culture modifies cognition has been an area of research often limited by possibilities to gather relevant data across societies. In this project, we leverage webcam- based eye- tracking to study cultural variations of cognitive processes underlying in- group favoritism. Participants (n = 1850, k = 20) are assigned to an in- group based on a color perception task, complete a group reinforcement stage, and then make decisions to allocate points between themselves and r...
• Late adolescents entering college intending a career as police officers hold more right-leaning views than their peers AI翻译
  作者：Reny, Tyler T.; Roman, Marcel F.; Newman, Benjamin J.; Sears, David O.
  作者单位：Claremont Colleges; Claremont Graduate University; Harvard University; University of California System; University of California Riverside; University of California System; University of California Riverside; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
  摘要：One longstanding explanation for bias and excessive force in policing is selection-the assertion that those who select to work in law enforcement are more likely to hold far-right, intolerant, and antiegalitarian, views than the public. While intuitive and widely believed, the evidence in support of the selection hypothesis is surprisingly thin. We offer a vital contribution to the literature by exploring selection at one of its earliest phases: late adolescents entering college and the career...
• Gene regulatory logic of the interferon-β enhancer is characterized by two selectively deployed modes of transcription factor synergy AI翻译
  作者：Schiffman, Allison; Cheng, Zhang; Ourthiague, Diana; Hoffmann, Alexander
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
  摘要：Type I interferon IFN beta is a key immune response cytokine, and when its expression is dysregulated, it causes disease. The regulation of IFN beta enhancer has been a touchpoint of mammalian gene control research since the discovery of functional synergy between two stimulus-responsive transcription factors (TFs), nuclear factor kappa B (NF kappa B) and interferon regulatory factors (IRF). However, subsequent gene knockout studies revealed that in some conditions either NF kappa B or IRF act...
• Dissociation of SYNGAP1 enzymatic and structural roles: Intrinsic excitability and seizure susceptibility (vol 122, e2427288122, 2025) AI翻译
  作者：Brill, Julia; Clarke, Blaise; Hong, Ingie; Huganir, Richard L.
• Immiscible proteins compete for RNA binding to order condensate layers AI翻译
  作者：Snead, Wilton T.; Skillicorn, Mary K.; Shrinivas, Krishna; Gladfelter, Amy S.
  作者单位：Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine; Duke University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University
  摘要：Biomolecular condensates mediate diverse and essential cellular functions by compartmentalizing biochemical pathways. Many condensates have internal subdomains with distinct compositional identities. A major challenge lies in dissecting the multicomponent logic that relates biomolecular features to emergent condensate organization. Nuclear paraspeckles are paradigmatic examples of multidomain condensates, comprising core and shell layers with distinct compositions that are scaffolded by the ln...
• SCoTCH- seq reveals that 5-hydroxymethylcytosine encodes regulatory information across DNA strands AI翻译
  作者：Hardwick, Jack S.; Dhir, Somdutta; Kirchner, Angie; Simeone, Angela; Flynn, Sean M.; Edgerton, James M.; Tavares, Rafael de Cesaris Araujo; Garcia, Isabel Esain -; Tannahill, David; Golder, Paula; Monahan, Jack M.; Gosal, Walraj S.; Balasubramanian, Shankar
  作者单位：University of Cambridge; CRUK Cambridge Institute; University of Cambridge; Cancer Research UK; University of Cambridge; University of Bristol; University of Exeter
  摘要：In mammalian genomes, cytosine modifications form a layer of regulatory information alongside the genetic code. Decoding this information is crucial to our understanding of biology and disease. Established sequencing methods cannot simultaneously resolve cytosine's three most common forms-cytosine (C), 5-methylcytosine (mC), and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC)-across both strands of the DNA double helix. Thus, how epigenetic information is distributed in DNA remains unclear. Here, we present Str...
• C11orf54 catalyzes L- xylulose formation in human metabolism AI翻译
  作者：Malatesta, Marco; De Rito, Carlo; Gasparini, Francesca; Merici, Giovanni; Dell'Accantera, Davide; Quilici, Giacomo; Sansone, Francesco; Percudani, Riccardo
  作者单位：University of Parma; University of Parma
  摘要：Excretion of L-xylulose is the hallmark of pentosuria, the fourth of Garrod's inborn errors of metabolism, yet the molecular basis for L-xylulose formation remains unknown. Here, by projecting coevolutionary data for 511,114 orthogroups across 1,929 eukaryotic genomes onto metabolic maps, we screen for unmapped genes in human metabolism. Among these, we show that the DUF1907 domain of C11orf54 catalyzes formation of L-xylulose by establishing a zinc-coordinated Michaelis complex with beta- ket...
• Thioether editing generally increases the photostability of rhodamine dyes on self-labeling tags AI翻译
  作者：Ling, Jing; Zhang, Yuan; Hei, Yongzhen; Kompa, Julian; Yang, Chen; Wang, Bo; Zhang, Junwei; Du, Jiasheng; Rudi, Tatjana; Zhang, Kecheng; Sun, Jingfu; Wang, Wenjuan; Fabritz, Sebastian; Li, Yulong; Deng, Wulan; Zou, Peng; Chen, Chunlai; Chen, Zhixing
  作者单位：Peking University; Peking University; Tsinghua University; Max Planck Society; Peking University; Peking University; Max Planck Society; Tsinghua University; Peking University; Peking University; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing; Peking University; Chinese Academy of Sciences
  摘要：Self- labeling protein tags are widely used in advanced bioimaging where dyes with high- photon budgets outperform their fluorescent protein counterparts. Further increasing the emitted photon numbers of dye- tag systems is actively pursued by both new fluorophore chemistry and protein engineering. By scrutinizing the protein microenvironment of fluorophores, here we propose that proximal thioether groups negatively affect the photostability of the dye- tag system. We attribute the disparity i...
• Sleeping upside- down: Knockdown of a sleep- associated gene induces daytime sleep in the jellyfish Cassiopea AI翻译
  作者：Abrams, Michael J.; Ohdera, Aki; Francis, Diana A.; Donayre, Owen; Chen, Henry; Lu, Kevin; Hsu, Celeste Y.; Zeigler, Hannah; Harland, Richard M.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Arizona
  摘要：The conservation of sleep among diverse animals provides clear evidence for its physiological importance, but the extent of its regulatory conservation is unknown. The upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea xamachana sleeps, and this behavior is controlled by radially spaced marginal ganglia. After defining a sleep-wake threshold, we compared gene expression profiles of ganglia from animals deprived of sleep and found differential expression in many sleep-related genes including GABAergic, melatonerg...