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作者：[Anonymous]
摘要：Moths also accumulate static charge during flight that allows them to harvest pollen from flowers several millimetres away.
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作者：Sultan, Hussein; Takeuchi, Yoshiko; Ward, Jeffrey P.; Sharma, Naveen; Liu, Tian-Tian; Sukhov, Vladimir; Firulyova, Maria; Song, Yuang; Ameh, Samuel; Brioschi, Simone; Khantakova, Darya; Arthur, Cora D.; White, J. Michael; Kohlmiller, Heather; Salazar, Andres M.; Burns, Robert; Costa, Helio A.; Moynihan, Kelly D.; Yeung, Yik Andy; Djuretic, Ivana; Schumacher, Ton N.; Sheehan, Kathleen C. F.; Colonna, Marco; Allison, James P.; Murphy, Kenneth M.; Artyomov, Maxim N.; Schreiber, Robert D.
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; Almazov National Medical Research Centre; Natera, Inc.; Netherlands Cancer Institute; Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC
摘要：CD4+ T cells can either enhance or inhibit tumour immunity. Although regulatory T cells have long been known to impede antitumour responses1-5, other CD4+ T cells have recently been implicated in inhibiting this response6,7. Yet, the nature and function of the latter remain unclear. Here, using vaccines containing MHC class I (MHC-I) neoantigens (neoAgs) and different doses of tumour-derived MHC-II neoAgs, we discovered that whereas the inclusion of vaccines with low doses of MHC-II-restricted...
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作者：Woess, Katharina; Alonso-Curbelo, Direna
作者单位：Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology; Institute for Research in Biomedicine - IRB Barcelona; Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology
摘要：How spreading tumour cells gain the ability to grow in organs away from where they originated is not fully understood. The discovery that normal liver cells help invading tumour cells to thrive in this organ sheds light on this process.
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作者：Ukkusuri, Satish V.; Park, Sang Ung; Mittal, Shagun; Chapman, Lee; Manoli, Gabriele; Santos, Andrea; Jones, Nicholas K. W.; Avner, Paolo; Romero, Natalia
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University System; Purdue University; University of Birmingham; University of Birmingham; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; The World Bank; The World Bank
摘要：Melting roads and buckling rails are disrupting travel, with the most vulnerable populations affected the worst. A concerted approach is needed to keep people moving as the world gets hotter.
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作者：Yang, Hong
作者单位：University of Reading
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作者：Shima, Takanori; Zhuo, Qingde; Zhou, Xiaoxi; Wu, Ping; Owada, Ryota; Luo, Gen; Hou, Zhaomin
作者单位：RIKEN; RIKEN; Anhui University
摘要：An ideal synthesis of alkyl amines would involve the direct use of abundant and easily accessible molecules such as dinitrogen (N2) and feedstock alkenes1-4. However, this ambition remains a great challenge as it is usually difficult to simultaneously activate both N2 and a simple alkene and combine them together through carbon-nitrogen (C-N) bond formation. Currently, the synthesis of alkyl amines relies on the use of ammonia produced through the Haber-Bosch process and prefunctionalized elec...
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作者：Castelvecchi, Davide
摘要：AlphaProof showed its prowess on questions from this year's Mathematical Olympiad - a step in the race to create substantial proofs with artificial intelligence.
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作者：Pan, Aline C.; Klas, Juliana
作者单位：Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
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作者：Tian, Skye Yunshu; Yasuhara, Moriaki; Condamine, Fabien L.; Huang, Huai-Hsuan M.; Fernando, Allan Gil S.; Aguilar, Yolanda M.; Pandita, Hita; Irizuki, Toshiaki; Iwatani, Hokuto; Shin, Caren P.; Renema, Willem; Kase, Tomoki
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; University of Bonn; City University of Hong Kong; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite de Montpellier; Princeton University; University of the Philippines System; University of the Philippines Diliman; Shimane University; Yamaguchi University; Cornell University; Naturalis Biodiversity Center; University of Amsterdam; National Museum of Nature and Science
摘要：The region with the highest marine biodiversity on our planet is known as the Coral Triangle or Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA)1,2. Its enormous biodiversity has long attracted the interest of biologists; however, the detailed evolutionary history of the IAA biodiversity hotspot remains poorly understood3. Here we present a high-resolution reconstruction of the Cenozoic diversity history of the IAA by inferring speciation-extinction dynamics using a comprehensive fossil dataset. We found tha...
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作者：Santos, Antonio J. M.; van Unen, Vincent; Lin, Zhongqi; Chirieleison, Steven M.; Ha, Nhi; Batish, Arpit; Chan, Joshua E.; Cedano, Jose; Zhang, Elisa T.; Mu, Qinghui; Guh-Siesel, Alexander; Tomaske, Madeline; Colburg, Deana; Varma, Sushama; Choi, Shannon S.; Christophersen, Asbjorn; Baghdasaryan, Ani; Yost, Kathryn E.; Karlsson, Kasper; Ha, Andrew; Li, Jing; Dai, Hongjie; Sellers, Zachary M.; Chang, Howard Y.; Dunn, James C. Y.; Zhang, Bing M.; Mellins, Elizabeth D.; Sollid, Ludvig M.; Fernandez-Becker, Nielsen Q.; Davis, Mark M.; Kuo, Calvin J.
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; University of Oslo; University of Oslo; University of Oslo; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：In vitro models of autoimmunity are constrained by an inability to culture affected epithelium alongside the complex tissue-resident immune microenvironment. Coeliac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disease in which dietary gluten-derived peptides bind to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II human leukocyte antigen molecules (HLA)-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 to initiate immune-mediated duodenal mucosal injury(1-4). Here, we generated air-liquid interface (ALI) duodenal organoids from intact fr...
