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作者：Tellman, Beth; Jain, Meha; Eakin, Hallie; Connor, Dylan; de Alba, Felipe
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
摘要：Understanding what and who shapes urban growth and how it unfolds in the Global South is critical to ensure theories and predictive models of urban expansion and, consequently, global environmental change, are salient to contemporary contexts. Much of the urban expansion in the Global South occurs in informal settlements where urbanization is not officially permitted and residents often lack access to basic services and infrastructure. As a result, formalizing settlements becomes an asset for ...
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作者：Cohen, Byron L. M.; Croke, Kevin; Hanage, William P.; Cohen, Ted; Menzies, Nicolas A.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Yale University; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
摘要：Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the leading global cause of infectious disease deaths. A growing proportion of tuberculosis cases in high-income countries occur among foreign-born individuals, due to infections acquired before migration. We developed a system of mathematical models representing tuberculosis epidemiology in 187 countries, linked by migration patterns, and trained on empirical data for each setting. Using these models, we quantified how future tuberculosis risks in high-income cou...
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作者：Combs, Ashton N.; Konovalova, Anna; Silhavy, Thomas J.
作者单位：Princeton University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Health Science Center Houston
摘要：The assembly of beta-barrel proteins into the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is catalyzed by the beta-barrel assembly machine (Bam) complex, which consists of two essential proteins, the BamA beta-barrel and the lipoprotein BamD, and three nonessential lipoproteins BamBCE. While it is well established that BamD serves an essential role in regulating the activity of BamA, the physiological reasons underpinning the need for BamD-mediated regulation of beta-barrel assembly are uncl...
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作者：Zhong, Zhen-Juan; Wei, Na; Li, Dong-Jin; Shan, Ting-Ting; Song, Ya-Ling; Wang, Xiao-Liang; Zhao, Si-Jia; Liu, Ya-Ping; Chen, Xue-Feng; Wang, Huan; Yu, Yao-Qing
作者单位：Air Force Medical University; Air Force Medical University; Air Force Medical University
摘要：Fibroblasts are a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal cells essential for tissue homeostasis maintenance and pathological responses. However, the mechanistic contributions of fibroblast plasticity to somatosensory dysfunction, particularly pathological pruritus, remain poorly characterized. Here, we developed fibroblast-associated itch models via acute incision and chronic bleomycin treatment. In PdgfraCreER mice, chemogenetic activation of dermal fibroblasts using Gq-coupled designer receptors...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Cabirol, Amelie; Quinn, Andrew; Schafer, Julie; Neuschwander, Nicolas; Kesner, Lucie; Liberti, Joanito; Engel, Philipp
作者单位：University of Lausanne; University of Lausanne; Communaute d'universites et etablissements de Toulouse (Comue); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Toulouse (EPE); University of Geneva
摘要：Gut microbiota across animals have been shown to influence host cognition and behavior. However, it remains unclear whether these cognitive effects are driven by specific bacterial species or arise from community-level interactions. Here, we leveraged the honey bee (Apis mellifera) as a model system, which harbors a simple and well-characterized gut microbiota that is experimentally tractable and has been previously shown to impact host cognition. We established a defined bacterial community-c...
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作者：Dookie, Rebecca; Narciso, Ana Rita; Gaytan, Meztlli O.; Moorthy, Anandi Narayana; Chakraborty, Sayoni; Thorsdottir, Sigrun; Boss, John; Righetti, Francesco; Karlsson, Jens; Heurgren, Max; Normark, Staffan; Henriques-Normark, Birgitta
作者单位：Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska University Hospital
摘要：Despite implementation of pneumococcal conjugated vaccines (PCVs) against Streptococcus pneumoniae infections, these diseases are still major contributors to global mortality and morbidity, highlighting the need for a novel immunization strategy. Pneumococci release extracellular vesicles/membrane particles (MP) that are enriched in lipids, virulence factors, and surface proteins, and show great efficacy in protecting against invasive pneumococcal disease in mice. As such, MP present an altern...
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作者：Perez-Estay, Benjamin; Martinez, Vincent; Douarche, Carine; Schwarz-Linek, Jana; Arlt, Jochen; Delville, Pierre-Henri; McConnell, Gail; Poon, Wilson C. K.; Lindner, Anke; Clement, Eric
作者单位：Universite Paris Cite; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite PSL; Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI); University of Edinburgh; Universite Paris Saclay; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Strathclyde; Institut Universitaire de France
摘要：In suspensions of swimming bacteria, individual cells interact via long-range hydrodynamic forces and self-organize into collective states that drive large-scale chaotic flows, commonly referred to as bacterial turbulence. Despite extensive experimental and theoretical work, it remains unclear whether an intrinsic length scale underlies the observed patterns. To directly address this question and shed light on the mechanisms driving active turbulence, we investigate the emergence of large-scal...
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作者：Shyer, Justin A.; Wehbe, Fabien; Davidson, Christopher D.; Bender, Hannah S.; Thai, Minh; Cox, Christian; Missarova, Alsu; Arlantico, Alexander; Hall, Ben; Zhang, Ruoyu; Kim, David; Altieri, Anthony; Hasan, Shakir; Namdar, Afshin; Chen, Tina; Hakim, Shaheed W.; Guidos, Cynthia; Brightbill, Hans D.; Kuo, Tony; Heimberg, Graham; Bravo, Hector Corrada; Ratsimandresy, Rojo A.; Uttarwar, Salil; Teng, Grace; Salem, Omar; Arjomandi, Mehrdad; Wilson, Mark S.; Darmanis, Spyros; Ziai, James; Scherl, Alexis; Modrusan, Zora; Wolters, Paul J.; Buechler, Matthew B.; Vander Heiden, Jason A.; Turley, Shannon J.
作者单位：Roche Holding; Roche Holding USA; Genentech; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids); University of Toronto; Western University (University of Western Ontario); Saint Joseph's Health Centre, Toronto; University Western Ontario Hospital; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of Toronto; University Health Network Toronto
摘要：Fibroblasts are key potentiators of chronic disease pathophysiology. Despite their established roles in promoting pathological inflammation and tissue remodeling, activated myofibroblasts are generally characterized as a single, homogeneous cell population, obscuring critical functional distinctions. Defining the cell states, their molecular regulators, and restricted markers is critical to developing effective therapies for the treatment of fibrosis. Here, using a human lung stromal cell atla...
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作者：Sava-Segal, Clara; Grall, Clare; Finn, Emily S.
