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作者：Huang, Sheng; Konishi, Noriyuki; Chen, Weicai; Yamaji, Naoki; Ge, Jun; Meng, Xiangbing; Jing, Yanhui; Wang, Yonghong; Wang, Wenguang; Yu, Hong; Ma, Jian Feng; Li, Jiayang
作者单位：Okayama University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Genetics & Developmental Biology, CAS; Shandong Agricultural University; Yazhouwan National Laboratory
摘要：Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic and carcinogenic heavy metal, and rice, as a staple food, is a major source of dietary Cd intake. Therefore, limiting the transfer of Cd from soil to rice grain without compromising grain yield is a critical issue for human health. In this study, through base-editing-mediated mutagenesis screening targeting OsNramp5, a major transporter gene for manganese (Mn) and Cd uptake, we identified a single amino acid substitution at position 441 (Ile to Thr) that significantly r...
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作者：Siopa, Catarina; Aizen, Marcelo A.; Castro, Silvia; Loureiro, Joao; Saez, Agustin
作者单位：University of Freiburg; Universidade de Coimbra; Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET)
摘要：Biotic pollination benefits 75% of crops, representing about 35% of global food production. Given widespread reports of pollinator decline over the last decades, crop yield losses might be expected. However, global assessments of their impact on crop yield are still missing. We analyzed temporal trends in pollination limitation (PL) and evaluated whether the use of managed pollinators and autogamy capacity reduced yield losses. We used a global dataset on the effects of pollen supplementation ...
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作者：Li, Lei; Wang, Jiafan; Xia, Jingyao; Yu, Xiaochun; Hu, Jiayi; Zhang, Qinrong; Richmond, Janet E.; Liu, Haowen; Hu, Zhitao
作者单位：City University of Hong Kong; Southeast University - China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Queensland; City University of Hong Kong; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; Xi'an Jiaotong University
摘要：Neurotransmitter release at the Caenorhabditis elegans neuromuscular junction is governed by a dual Ca2+ sensor system composed of SNT-1 and SNT-3, which function analogously to the Ca2+ sensor systems found in certain mammalian neurons, such as synaptotagmin-1 and -7 (Syt1/Syt7) in the hippocampus. In this study, we investigated how SNT-1 and SNT-3 mediate fast and slow neurotransmitter release through their potential interactions with the SNARE complex and their polybasic motifs. AlphaFold 3...
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作者：Sekizawa, Daiki; Ito, Sosuke; Oizumi, Masafumi
作者单位：University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo
摘要：Nonlinear oscillations are commonly observed in complex systems far from equilibrium, such as living organisms. These oscillations are essential for sustaining vital processes, like neuronal firing, circadian rhythms, and heartbeats. In such systems, thermodynamic dissipation is necessary to maintain oscillations against noise. However, due to their nonlinear dynamics, it has been challenging to determine how the characteristics of oscillations, such as frequency, amplitude, and coherent patte...
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作者：Denton, Kaleda K.; Feldman, Marcus W.; Johannemann, Jonathan F.
作者单位：The Santa Fe Institute; Stanford University
摘要：In assessing how individuals in a network estimate a quantity, it is often assumed that they take an average or weighted average of the estimates of others they observe, as in the French-DeGroot learning model. However, individuals may actually copy clusters of similar opinions among their peers, a process that we call conformity. For example, if ten individuals estimate a quantity to be 0 and ten individuals guess 100, then although the average estimate is 50, one may conform by choosing eith...
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作者：Jiang, Min; Jin, Tao; Li, Dongming; Song, Zhiping; Wang, Yuguo; Zhang, Wenju; Qi, Ji; Yang, Ji
作者单位：Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Chinese Academy of Sciences
摘要：Ovule, as the developmental precursor to seed, represents a key evolutionary innovation in seed plants. However, its origin and evolutionary trajectory have been debated for over a century, largely due to the disconnects between morphological information gained from fossils and the regulatory mechanisms of ovule development inferred from extant angiosperms. The core regulatory networks shared by gymnosperms and angiosperms may serve as a bridge in terms of the ovule developmental process. We e...
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作者：Lafirenze, Simona J. A.; van Gerwen, Bastiaan; Quirindongo, Ajit I.; Costermans, Natasja; Janssen, Aniek; Etemad, Banafsheh; Toonen, Pim; Louro, Marco A. D.; Hoevenaar, Wilma H. M.; Youssef, Sameh; de Bruin, Alain; Brosens, Lodewijk A. A.; Jelluma, Nannette; Kops, Geert J. P. L.
作者单位：Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts & Sciences; Hubrecht Institute (KNAW); Utrecht University; Utrecht University Medical Center; Utrecht University; Utrecht University Medical Center; Utrecht University; Utrecht University; Utrecht University Medical Center
摘要：Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of cancer, and a primary cause of genetic heterogeneity in tumors. Depending on the degree of CIN and the affected tissue, CIN can promote or suppress tumor formation, and high CIN induction has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy. How CIN achieves these effects is unclear. Here we use a conditional mouse model of graded CIN in combination with longitudinal monitoring of DMBA/TPA-initiated skin tumors to show that low CIN increases the frequency ...
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作者：Simoncini, Andrea; Cantera, Isabel; Giachello, Simone; Valle, Barbara; Gobbi, Mauro; Fontaneto, Diego; Zawierucha, Krzysztof; Laniecki, Ronald; Coulson, Stephen James; Lencioni, Valeria; Cauvy-Fraunie, Sophie; Ordonez, Alejandra Moran; Losapio, Gianalberto; Takeuchi, Nozomu; Liu, Qiao; Shain, Daniel H.; Fair, Heather; Janko, Karel; Devetter, Miloslav; Jimenez-Santos, Marco Antonio; Sabacka, Marie; Falaschi, Mattia; Marta, Silvio; Ficetola, Gentile Francesco
作者单位：University of Milan; Universite de Toulouse (EPE); Communaute d'universites et etablissements de Toulouse (Comue); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse; University of Siena; National Biodiversity Future Center; Adam Mickiewicz University; Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Biochemistry & Biophysics - Polish Academy of Sciences; University Centre Svalbard (UNIS); University of Basel; University of Lausanne; University of Milan; Chiba University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Mountain Hazards & Environment, CAS; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University Camden; Rutgers University New Brunswick; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Czech Academy of Sciences; Institute of Animal Physiology & Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences; University of Ostrava; Czech Academy of Sciences; Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Charles University Prague; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse (IGG-CNR)
摘要：Glacier environments host an unrecognized number of animals that are at high risk of extinction due to global warming. Yet, the absence of comprehensive analyses has hampered the development of a coordinated agenda for research and conservation. By assembling a global dataset of terrestrial and freshwater animals in glacial habitats, we show that glacier environments host at least 152 animal species from 14 classes and 7 phyla. This diversity is underestimated for nearly all the groups and we ...
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作者：Yu, Sun-Min; Granick, Steve
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
摘要：Bioelectric signaling is well characterized in neurons and cardiomyocytes but remains largely unexplored in epithelia. Using multielectrode arrays, we demonstrate that localized laser injury to epithelial monolayers (primary human keratinocytes and MDCK cells) triggers voltage spikes in the range of 4 to 12 per min for over 60 min postinjury. These spikes exhibit depolarization, repolarization, and hyperpolarization phases lasting 1 to 2 s, a timescale three orders of magnitude slower than neu...
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作者：Buckley, David P.; Akhtar, Marjahan; Thapa, Mahima; Schmitz, Aaron; Turner, Jackson; Vickers, Tim J.; Khatoon, Nazia; Kaisar, M. Hasanul; Coggin, Jonathan A.; Ganguli, Debayan; Sheikh, Alaullah; Laird, Renee M.; Poly, Frederic; Porter, Chad K.; Ruiz-Perez, Fernando; Miller, Mark J.; Chowdhury, Fahima; Bhuiyan, Tafiqur R.; Qadri, Firdausi; Trillo-Muyo, Sergio; Dolan, Brendan; van der Post, Sjoerd; Ellebedy, Ali; Berndsen, Zachary T.; Fleckenstein, James M.
作者单位：University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia; Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); University of Virginia (UVA) Health System; University of Virginia; University of Gothenburg; Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Vanderbilt University
摘要：Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and Shigella are the most common bacterial diarrheal pathogens among young children of low-middle income regions. Enteric pathogens must overcome formidable host defenses, including the protective barrier formed by intestinal mucus. ETEC produce a virulence protein called EatA, a member of the Serine Protease Autotransporter of the Enterobacteriae (SPATE) family, where the secreted passenger domain (EatAp) specifically degrades MUC2, the major mucus secr...
