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作者：Calarco, Navona; Progri, Skerdi; Kashyap, Sriranga; Xie, Shuting; Lepage, Claude; Gift Cabalo, Donna; Bernhardt, Boris C.; Evans, Alan C.; Uludag, Kamil
作者单位：University of Toronto; Krembil Research Institute; University Health Network Toronto; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Center; Sunnybrook Research Institute; McGill University; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Center; Sunnybrook Research Institute; Institute for Basic Science - Korea (IBS); Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU)
摘要：The claustrum is a thin, bilateral structure embedded deep within the human brain. Its widespread cortical connectivity has motivated perhaps the broadest range of functional hypotheses of any subcortical structure. Yet its complex, sheet-like morphology has hindered investigation in living humans, leaving a small in vivo MRI literature marked by large and often implausible discrepancies. Here, we construct a three-dimensional histological gold standard model of the human claustrum and systema...
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作者：Lawrence, Jessica; Kulkarni, Vineet Vinay; Tan, Chan Lek; Callow, Marinella; Juste, Yves; Sangaraju, Dewakar; Costa, Mike; Bingol, Baris
作者单位：Roche Holding; Genentech; Roche Holding USA; Roche Holding; Genentech; Roche Holding USA; Roche Holding; Genentech; Roche Holding USA
摘要：Mutations in the GBA1 gene, which encodes the lysosomal glucocerebrosidase enzyme GCase, cause the lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher disease and represent the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). These mutations deplete lysosomal GCase activity and cause accumulation of GCase substrate, glucosylceramide, and its pathological metabolite, glucosylsphingosine. Impaired GCase activity then drives immune and neuronal dysfunction in Gaucher disease and promotes pathogenic a...
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作者：Tyllis, Timona S.; Norton, Todd S.; Abbott, Caitlin; McPeake, Dylan J.; Fenix, Kevin A.; Wilson, Jasmine J.; Kara, Ervin E.; Good-Jacobson, Kim L.; Alsharifi, Mohammed; McColl, Shaun R.; Comerford, Iain
作者单位：Adelaide University; University of Adelaide; Adelaide University; University of Adelaide; Monash University
摘要：Chemotactic receptors involved in generation of ectopic pulmonary germinal centers (GCs) within inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT) are poorly defined. Here, using CIBER Cxcr3-reporter mice, we demonstrate that the prototypical type 1 inflammatory chemokine receptor CXCR3 is highly induced in influenza A virus (IAV)-reactive B cells in the mediastinal lymph node, spleen, lung, peripheral blood, and airways following intranasal infection. Notably, elevated Cxcr3 was observed i...
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作者：Liu, Chuan; Gout, Thomas L.; Hu, Yandi; Li, Weiqiang; An, Shichao; Zhou, Zehao; Cai, Song; Zhao, Huazhang; Ni, Jinren; De Yoreo, James J.; DePaolo, Donald J.
作者单位：Peking University; Peking University; Nanjing University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
摘要：Isotopic fractionation is a unique indicator of the mechanisms of mineral precipitation from aqueous solutions, but existing theory does not account for nucleation effects or nonclassical growth mechanisms. Here, using barite (BaSO4) as a model crystal, we provide an experimental measurement of isotope fractionation associated with nucleation. We isolated nucleation effects by precipitating crystals on an organic film, where cation enrichment creates a highly supersaturated microenvironment so...
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作者：Reinhart, Alex; Brooks, Logan; Jahja, Maria; Rumack, Aaron; Tang, Jingjing; Agrawal, Sumit; Al Saeed, Wael; Arnold, Taylor; Basu, Amartya; Bien, Jacob; Cabrera, Angel A.; Chin, Andrew; Chua, Eu Jing; Clark, Brian; Colquhoun, Sarah; DeFries, Nat; Farrow, David C.; Forlizzi, Jodi; Grabman, Jed; Gratzl, Samuel; Green, Alden; Haff, George; Han, Robin; Harwood, Kate; Hu, Addison J.; Hyde, Raphael; Hyun, Sangwon; Joshi, Ananya; Kim, Jimi; Kuznetsov, Andrew; La Motte-Kerr, Wichada; Lee, Yeon Jin; Lee, Kenneth; Lipton, Zachary C.; Liu, Michael X.; Mackey, Lester; Mazaitis, Kathryn; McDonald, Daniel J.; McGuinness, Phillip; Narasimhan, Balasubramanian; O'Brien, Michael P.; Oliveira, Natalia L.; Patil, Pratik; Perer, Adam; Politsch, Collin A.; Rajanala, Samyak; Rucker, Dawn; Scott, Chris; Shah, Nigam H.; Shankar, Vishnu; Sharpnack, James; Shemetov, Dmitry; Simon, Noah; Smith, Benjamin Y.; Srivastava, Vishakha; Tan, Shuyi; Tibshirani, Robert; Tuzhilina, Elena; Van Nortwick, Ana Karina; Ventura, Valerie; Wasserman, Larry; Weaver, Benjamin; Weiss, Jeremy C.; Whitman, Spencer; Williams, Kristin; Rosenfeld, Roni; Tibshirani, Ryan J.
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作者：Auffhammer, Maximilian
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
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作者：Dhingra, Yukti; Landick, Robert; Campbell, Elizabeth A.; Darst, Seth A.
作者单位：Rockefeller University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Rockefeller University
摘要：The nucleotide addition cycle (NAC) of multisubunit DNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RNAPs) involves coordinated conformational changes in conserved active-site structural elements, including the trigger loop (TL). The TL is open (unfolded) in most RNAP structures but can close (fold) in substrate-bound (post- or pretranslocated) states of the RNAP, promoting catalysis. TL closure has been associated with closure of another conserved structural element, the Rim-Helices/F-loop (RH-FL), but the ro...
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作者：Liu, Xiangyang; Chen, Mingyi; Liu, Peitao; Niu, Haiyang; Sun, Yan; Chen, Xing-Qiu
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Metal Research, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Northwestern Polytechnical University
摘要：Phase transformation is a fundamental phenomenon in nature, vital for both the scientific understanding and industrial applications of materials. The emergence of two-dimensional (2D) materials introduces new physical attributes that challenge traditional phase transformation theories due to their reduced dimensionality. In monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), phase transformation is typically described as a martensitic process characterized by concerted atomic displacements. Ne...
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作者：Martins, Celso; Booth, Harry; Salat-Canela, Claudia; Hadjivasiliou, Zena; Vjestica, Aleksandar
作者单位：University of Lausanne; Francis Crick Institute; University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London
摘要：Differences between partner gametes, which evolved repeatedly in eukaryotes, can contribute to the evolution of the sexes, sexual selection, and non-Mendelian inheritance. Yet, the empirical evidence for how functional asymmetries arise between initially equivalent gametes is limited. Here, we combine theoretical and experimental approaches in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe to show how selective pressures acting concurrently on gametes and zygotes drive the evolution of gamete dif...
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作者：Yadav, Kush K.; Bhandari, Menuka; Mahsoub, Hassan M.; Park, Young Bin; Le, Huong Van; Choi, Jae Mun; Brown, Hannah M.; Rajashekara, Gireesh; Kenney, Scott P.; Meng, Xiang-Jin
作者单位：Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：Hepatitis E virus (HEV), a leading cause of viral hepatitis globally, is associated with adverse outcomes during pregnancy. Despite its clinical significance, the mechanisms driving enhanced HEV replication during pregnancy remain poorly understood. In this study, we uncover a lipid-mediated pathway that facilitates HEV replication, with potential implications for pregnancy-associated pathogenesis. Lipidomic profiling reveals a marked upregulation of oleic acid during HEV infection in both hum...
