28期

最新文章

• Long-term stability and performance of Cas9/guide RNA-based gene drives in anopheline mosquitoes AI翻译
  作者：Carballar-Lejarazu, Rebeca; Dong, Yuemei; Pham, Thai Binh; Tushar, Taylor; Stillinger, Drusilla; Nguyen, Devin Ngoc; Winokur, Lorena; Tavadia, Mihra; Tao, Mabel; Dimopoulos, George; James, Anthony A.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; University of California System; University of California Irvine
  摘要：Gene-drive population modification strategies are being developed to control the transmission by anopheline mosquitoes of the parasites that cause human malaria. These approaches are designed to reduce disease prevalence and incidence by spreading dominant antiparasite effector genes throughout vector populations. The strains must sustain drive and parasite suppression properties over extended periods of time to have an epidemiological impact. Three gene-drive strains, AcTP13 and AcTP43 in Ano...
• Spatially structured heterogeneity shapes large-scale cortical dynamics in a model of the human cortex AI翻译
  作者：Dalla Porta, Leonardo; Fousek, Jan; Destexhe, Alain; Sanchez-Vives, Maria V.
  作者单位：University of Barcelona; Hospital Clinic de Barcelona; IDIBAPS; Masaryk University; Universite Paris Saclay; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); ICREA
  摘要：The human brain displays substantial spatial variability in molecular, anatomical, and physiological organization. Yet, how this heterogeneity shapes large-scale neuronal dynamics remains poorly understood. To address this question, we employed a biologically informed large-scale cortical model capable of generating distinct brain states, from awake-like to sleep-like dynamics. Our model was constrained by empirical human structural connectivity (SC) and regional cholinergic muscarinic recepto...
• Identification of cellular intermediates unveils unique enzymes for flagellar glycan biosynthesis in Clostridioides difficile AI翻译
  作者：Hensbergen, Paul J.; van Puffelen, Bob; Musch, Nina; Ammerlaan, Augustinus N. A.; Zuidgeest, Paul L. C.; van Huijkelom, Loes; Kanbier, Rembrandt J. V.; Vet, Maaike M.; Zheng, Xuan S.; Bhamidipati, Pranav V. N.; Larralde, Martin F.; Blomberg, Niek; Kostidis, Sarantos; van Veelen, Peter A.; Cordfunke, Robert A.; van Angeren, Jordy; de Ru, Arnoud H.; Armstrong, Zachary W. B.; Smits, Wiep Klaas; Filippov, Dmitri V.; Giera, Martin; Codee, Jeroen D. C.; Corver, Jeroen
  作者单位：Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)
  摘要：Glycosylation of bacterial surface proteins, such as flagellin (FliC), is important for their function and is often involved in virulence of pathogens. Glycans can be further modified by so-called postglycosylation modifications (PGMs), often resulting in exclusive molecular structures. In Clostridioides difficile, a unique glycan structure (Type A) decorates FliC (which forms the flagellar filament) that consists of an O-linked N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) modified with an N-methyl-L-...
• Time-resolved morphological and transcriptomic characterization of early enteric neuron subtype emergence in chick AI翻译
  作者：Andre, Maelys; Gury, Raphael; Lepetit, Maxime; Boismoreau, Franck; Bozon, Muriel; Ganofsky, Jeremy; Heritier-Tellier, Cassandre; Plotton, Ingrid; Duclaux-Loras, Remi; Peretti, Noel; Marcy, Guillaume; Castellani, Valerie; Falk, Julien
  作者单位：CHU Lyon; Universite Lyon 1; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); CHU Lyon; Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon (ENS de LYON); Universite Lyon 1; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm)
  摘要：The genetic programs directing nascent enteric nervous circuits and their unique architecture remain poorly characterized. To gain insight, we combined manipulations in the chick embryo model, whole gut three-dimensional (3D) imaging, and single-nucleus transcriptomics at very short intervals for time-resolved analyses of neuronal subtype trajectories. In imaging, we found highly dynamic axon network growth, with rapid increase in axon density and spatial orientation diversification. At transc...
• Spontaneous phase separation and pattern formation in a lyotropic nematic mixture AI翻译
  作者：Bensabat, Ana; Skelton, Orlaith; Arlt, Jochen; Bjelogrlic, Marko; Marenduzzo, Davide; Negro, Giuseppe; Shendruk, Tyler N.; Wood, Tiffany A.
  作者单位：University of Edinburgh
  摘要：Lyotropic liquid crystals can display rich phase behavior and self-organization, yet the physical principles underlying their self-assembly into large scale patterns remains understudied. Here, we combine theory, simulations, and experiments on Sunset Yellow-water chromonic mixtures to show that such materials spontaneously phase separate, even without assuming any underlying microscopic attraction between the molecular species. In our minimal model, demixing depends solely on the Onsager-like...
• Energy costs of Hannibal's alpine crossing AI翻译
  作者：Berti, Emilio; Vollrath, Fritz
  作者单位：Friedrich Schiller University of Jena; University of Oxford
  摘要：Hannibal crossed the Alps with a large army containing 37 war elephants in 218 BC. Details of his route have scholars regularly debate historical reports in the light of logistical and topographical considerations. Among the possible alpine passes, the route crossing at the Col du Clapier was considered the most likely candidate. Recent philological and geomorphological analyses suggest instead a route via the Col de la Traversette. Here, we examined these options focusing on the energy costs ...
• Feeding health inequality through platform-based food delivery in China AI翻译
  作者：Ding, Hai; Liu, Chenran; Xie, Yu; Yu, Jia; Yuan, Zhengrong
  作者单位：Peking University; Renmin University of China; Princeton University; Peking University; Zhongnan University of Economics & Law
  摘要：This study examines how the expansion of online food delivery platforms affects health inequality in China. Exploiting the staggered rollout of platforms across counties and nationally representative panel data from 2010 to 2022, we find that platform entry increases overweight among low-income individuals while reducing it among high-income individuals. This divergence operates through two channels: low-income users increase consumption of fried foods and reallocate time from cooking to seden...
• Applied behavioral and decision sciences in support of US FDA's drug regulatory mission AI翻译
  作者：Eggers, Sara L.; Krishnamurti, Tamar; Fischhoff, Baruch
  作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University
  摘要：The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) makes and communicates decisions that directly affect the health choices and well-being of the US public. Behavioral and decision scientists have long supported FDA's pharmaceutical (medical drug) regulatory and public health mission, working alongside clinical and pharmaceutical scientists. This Perspective describes four interrelated cases illustrating these collaborations: a) creating the Benefit-Risk Framework to guide regulatory decisions regardin...
• Liquid-liquid phase separation enables chromatography-free purification and high-performance spidroin-amyloid hybrid silk fibers AI翻译
  作者：Tufvesson, Karin; Langwallner, Viktoria; Pessatti, Tomas Bohn; Greco, Gabriele; Karlsson, Elin; Stadlmayr, Sarah; Leppert, Axel; Landreh, Michael; Rising, Anna; Schmuck, Benjamin
  作者单位：Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; University of Pavia; Karolinska Institutet; Uppsala University; Karolinska Institutet
  摘要：Large-scale production of artificial spider silk fibers requires heterologous expression of spider silk proteins (spidroins), yet current methods remain limited by low yields and costly purification processes. To overcome these challenges, we engineered mini-spidroins in which the poly-alanine motifs of the repetitive region were replaced with the non-natural amyloidogenic beta 16 peptide, significantly enhancing expression yields and solubility. Furthermore, we developed a simple, chromatogra...
• Tropical forests are facing increasing risks of exposure to critical temperature thresholds AI翻译
  作者：van Tiel, Nina; Lenczner, Gaston; Rao, Mukund P.; Grossiord, Charlotte; Tuia, Devis
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Columbia University; University of Barcelona; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
  摘要：Understanding how close tropical tree species are to critical temperature thresholds that might impede photosynthetic activity is vital in a world where heat waves have become more severe and frequent. Using remotely sensed surface temperature and species distribution maps, we studied the spatiotemporal variation in the thermal safety margins (TSM, i.e., the difference between Tcrit, the critical photosynthetic temperature, and the maximum canopy temperature) of 208 tropical tree species in So...